scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of the effective composition of asphalt concrete with the use of waste steel production

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill Tyuryukhanov ◽  
Konstantin Pugin ◽  
Olga Fedoseeva ◽  
Denis Agapitov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Molding Mixture ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Materials Used

The article presents a part of the dissertation research by Tyuryukhanova K.Yu., the results of mathematical modeling of the effective composition of asphalt-concrete mixture of type B of brand I. At present, a network of highways is developing very quickly, where asphalt is the main material of the upper layers of the pavement construction. Every year, there is a tightening of requirements for asphalt concrete mixtures, and in particular for the stone materials used. That in turn leads to a rise in price of certain inert materials, and as a result of all construction in general. One of the ways to reduce costs in the repair, reconstruction, new construction is the use of industrial waste, which in its strength characteristics are not inferior to traditional building materials. The article deals with mathematical modeling of hot dense fine-grained asphalt-concrete mixture, which includes the departure of steelmaking production, in particular spent molding mixture. At the heart of mathematical models, physico-mechanical indicators are obtained as a result of testing of asphalt concrete samples made in laboratory conditions. As changing factors, two indicators were selected, the bitumen content and the amount of fine aggregate, namely the waste of steelmaking production of the spent molding mixture, in the composition of asphalt concrete. Mathematical modeling makes it possible to more accurately design the grain composition, to identify certain dependencies on changing factors, and also to predict the strength characteristics of asphalt concrete, which consists of mineral materials of different origin and astringent, which will in turn meet all the requirements of state standards of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Minero-Petrographic Characterization of Chianocco Marble Employed for Palazzo Madama Façade in Turin (Northwest Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gambino ◽  
Alessandro Borghi ◽  
Anna d’Atri ◽  
Luca Martire ◽  
Martina Cavallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Selective Dissolution ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Subaerial Exposure ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Dolomitic Rock ◽  
Baroque Era ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Materials Used

The study of ancient marble plays an important role in the interpretation of historical and archaeological sites and gives interesting information about building materials used in ancient times and their trade routes. The present work focuses on Chianocco marble that represents one of the most important ancient white marbles for cultural heritage exploited in the Piedmont region (Northwest Italy) and employed for the Palazzo Madama façade. A multi-analytical study based on petrographic (optical and scanning electron microscopy), electron microprobe, cathodoluminescence and stable isotope analyses was carried out on these marbles in order to perform an archaeometric study. Chianocco marble was used in Turin during the baroque era by the Savoy architect Filippo Juvarra (1678–1736) in historical buildings, such as the façade of the Palazzo Madama, the plinth of the façade of the town Cathedral and the columns (now plastered) of the portico of Piazza San Carlo. This stone is a dolomitic rock belonging to the Mesozoic cover of the Dora Maira Massif (Pennidic Unit). It shows a vuggy fabric characterized by a vacuolar texture due to tectonic brecciation and subsequent selective dissolution during subaerial exposure. This kind of research is useful to highlight the importance of the use of local stones as building materials and to investigate stone materials for the restoration and maintenance of historical buildings.

The building materials of “Colle del Melogno” Central Fort (Liguria, Italy)

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Fratini ◽  
Manuela Mattone ◽  
Silvia Rescic
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Ligurian Alps ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
The Government ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Artificial Stone ◽  
The Military

The Melogno pass (Colle del Melogno) is located at 1026 m above sea level, between the high Val Bormida and the hinterland of the Finalese (province of Savona) and is one of the highest mountain passes in the Ligurian Alps. In ancient times, this zone was considered strategically important from the military point of view since it is located at the crossroads of many communication routes. In these areas, in November 1795, during the “Battle of Loano”, the French army, commanded by Andrea Massena and the allied army of Austria, prevailed over the Kingdom of Sardinia, led by Oliver Remigius von Wallis. However, the territory remained possession of the Kingdom of Sardinia and, between 1883 and 1895, the worsening of relations with France induced the government to erect, near the pass, three imposing fortifications (Tortagna, Settepani and Centrale) to prevent an entry into Piedmont by armies coming from the coast. For the same purpose other fortifications were erected near the passes of Tenda, Nava, Turchino and near the villages of Zuccarello, Altare and Vado. The most impressive among the three fortifications of Melogno pass is the Central Fort. It occupies all the saddle of the pass and it is crossed by the provincial road 490 connecting the coast of Finale Ligure to Piedmont. The fort, still of military property, is a listed historical artefact. It has a polygonal shape, with a main barrack developed on two floors. Four defensive and attacking emplacements were located outside the main complex, along a detached hill, with heavy artillery pointed towards the coast. The study will examine the natural and artificial stone materials used for the building through mineralogical and petrographic analysis and will verify both the variations occurred during the construction phases and the relations with the local supply sources.

scholarly journals Anti-Graffiti Behavior of Oleo/Hydrophobic Nano-Filled Coatings Applied on Natural Stone Materials

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariateresa Lettieri ◽  
Maurizio Masieri ◽  
Mariachiara Pipoli ◽  
Alessandra Morelli ◽  
Mariaenrica Frigione
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Paint Removal ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

In recent years, graffiti writings are increasingly regarded as a form of art. However, their presence on historic building remains a vandalism and different strategies have been developed to clean or, preferably, protect the surfaces. In this study, an experimental nano-filled coating, based on fluorine resin containing SiO2 nano-particles, and two commercial products have been applied on compact and porous calcareous stones, representative of building materials used in the Mediterranean basin, and their anti-graffiti ability has been analyzed. All the tested experimental and commercial coatings exhibited high hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, thus meeting one of the basic requirements for anti-graffiti systems. The effects of staining by acrylic blu-colored spray paint and felt-tip marker were, then, assessed; the properties of the treated stone surfaces after cleaning by acetone were also investigated. Visual observations, contact angle measurements and color evaluations were performed to this aim. It was found that the protective coatings facilitated the spray paint removal; however high oleophobicity or paint repellence did not guarantee a complete cleaning. The stain from the felt-tip marker was confirmed to be extremely difficult to remove. The cleaning with a neat unconfined solvent promoted the movement of the applied polymers (and likely of the paint, as well) in the porous structure of the stone substrate.

scholarly journals Determining strength of rubble masonry of bridges’ supports being in operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Ilya Zasukhin ◽  
Sergey Bokarev
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Railway Bridges ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Permissible Stresses

The purpose of this article is to create a methodology for determining the design strength of rubble masonry of bridge supports meeting the modern safety requirements for transport structures. The article contains data on the use of the rubble masonry in solid supports of railway bridges. Development of methodology of determining the permissible stresses on the rubble masonry, and the practice of applying the design strength of the rubble masonry in regulatory documents are considered. Analysis of the research works is carried out, according to which the design strength of the rubble masonry of solid supports is determined when calculating the load-bearing capacity. The experimental data of European scientists in the field of determining the strength characteristics of stone masonries are considered. A domestic method for determining the design values of strength characteristics for building materials used in transport construction is presented. The main deficiencies of the existing method for determining the design strength of rubble masonry are defined and suggestions are made for its clarification. The article concludes with the formulation of tasks required to be solved for clarification of strength characteristics of the operated railway supports made of rubble masonry.

scholarly journals PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL SLAG ASPHALT

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ziari ◽  
Mohammad M. Khabiri
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Content Volume ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Limestone Aggregate ◽  
Creep Stiffness ◽  
Materials Used

Preventive maintenance is beneficial if pavement life is increased while maintaining its service ability, and it is an environmental problem. Steel slag material is inorganic, it can neither be incinerated nor decomposed, so it may be difficult to reclaim. This work aims to study the performance of asphalt concrete where some of the fractional fine aggregate is replaced with crushed steel slag material. Steel slag materials are brittle and rich in carbon and silicon, so the key technical indexes of steel slag‐asphalt concrete are strength. Materials used in the tests included AC 60–70 bitumen, limestone aggregate and crushed recycled steel slag. The Marshall test was used to examine the influence of optimal asphalt content, volume properties and strength of asphalt concrete when different percentages of crushed steel slag were added. The high‐temperature stability and creep stiffness performance of steel slag asphalt concrete was also tested, and the results are satisfactory.

scholarly journals PENELITIAN CAMPURAN ASPAL BETON DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FILLER AMPAS TAHU

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Dony Triyatno ◽  
Yosef Cahyo ◽  
Ahmad Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
The Stability

Road construction in Indonesia mostly uses concrete asphalt. This study aims to determine the optimum level of asphalt produced in a concrete asphalt mixture with tofu pulp filler, in terms of the stability of Marshall, flow, VIM, VMA, VFB, and MQ. Asphalt concrete mixture in this study uses AC 60/70 asphalt. This study uses 5 samples, each using a different asphalt content, namely: 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, with one sample consisting of 3 variants.  The material used is a coarse coral aggregate held by sieve No. 8 (2,36mm). Fine aggregate with Brantas river sand passes filter no.8 (2.36mm), and fillers use tahas pulp bypassing filter no. 200 (0.075mm). The results of this study on Marshall characteristics obtained asphalt content of 5% and 6% with the average value of stability 712 and 881, Flow 3.3 mm and 2.4 mm, VIM 4.65% and 4.24% VMA 19.29% and 17.87%, VFB values of 75.41% and 76.15%, and MQ 271 kg / mm and 433kg / mm.Pembuatan konstruksi jalan di Indonesia banyak menggunakan aspal beton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar aspal optimum yang dihasilkan pada campuran aspal beton dengan filler ampas tahu, ditinjau dari stabilitas Marshall, flow, VIM, VMA, VFB, dan MQ. Campuran aspal beton dalam penelitian ini menggunakan aspal minyak AC 60/70. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 sampel, masing-masing menggunakan kadar aspal yang berbeda yaitu: 5%, 5,5%, 6%, 6,5%, 7%, dengan satu sampel terdiri dari 3 varian. Tahapan penelitian yaitu agregat kasar batu koral tertahan saringan no. 8 (2,36mm), agregat halus dengan pasir sungai brantas lolos saringan no.8 (2,36mm), dan filler menggunakan ampas tahus dengan lolos saringan no. 200 (0,075mm). Hasil dari penelitian ini pada karakteristik Marshall didapat kadar aspal otimum 5% dan 6% dengan nilai rerata stabilitas 712 dan 881, Flow 3,3 mmdan 2,4 mm, VIM 4,65% dan 4,24% VMA 19,29% dan 17,87%, nilai VFB 75,41% dan 76,15%, dan MQ 271 kg/mm dan 433kg/mm.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI AGREGAT HALUS SABANG TERHADAP KINERJA LASTON LAPIS AUS (AC-WC)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Mohd Fahmi Abdya P. ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh ◽  
Yusria Darma
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Stability

Asphalt and Aggregate is the main ingredient of the asphalt concrete layer which determines the quality of asphalt pavement. One of the main cause of the damage and decrease of asphalt pavement strength on the road is the low strength and durability of the asphalt mixture. . But in the other side the utilization of local materials is expected to be used maximally to improve efficiency in terms of financing, especially for island area such as Sabang city of Aceh Province. Importing material from Ace Besar district is need a big cost. In solving this problem therefore it is necessary to maximize the use of local material. this research is done for find out the effect of the use of fine aggregate on the characteristics of the coarse layer of asphalt concrete mixture characteristics (AC-WC)with the addition of Sabang fine aggregate starting from 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The initial step in this research is find the value of optimum asphalt content (KAO).The result of this research shows that the more composition of the Sabang fine aggregate then the decreasing the stability value. The highest stability value is on the asphalt concrete mixture without Sabang fine aggregate substitution with the asphalt content is 5,38% with the amount of 1.658,73 kg and the lowest stability value is on the asphalt concrete mixture with 100% of Sabang fine aggregate substitution with asphalt content is 6,35% in the amount of 979,35 kg. The maximum composition of sabang fine aggregate which pass the requirement specification of Asphalt concrete AC-WC volumetric characteristic is 50% on the level of 5,87% with the stability value is 1.225,81 kg.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN AGREGAT HALUS JAMUR UJUNG PADA CAMPURAN LASTON AC-WC

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ardian Fahmi ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh ◽  
Muhammad Isya
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aggregate Composition ◽  
Test Objects

The good quality of road surface layers are strongly influenced by the materials used such as the aggregate composition, asphalt, and filler. Fine Aggregate from Jamur Ujung is a local aggregate that can be found in  Bener Meriah District. It has not been utilized maximally  due to its porosity and high aggregate absorption. This research is conducted to see improvement of the characteristics that can be done to the asphalt mixture using the fine aggregate from Jamur Ujung. It is expected that this aggregate is feasible to be used as an asphalt mixture material in accordance to the specifications set by Bina Marga. This research was conducted by producing test objects (specimen) to determine the optimum asphalt content using standard aggregate from Lepung Baleuh, Kuta Cot Glie, Aceh Besar District, then the test object with combination of standard fine aggregate mixture with fine aggregate of Jamur Ujung with the variation percentage respectively by 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% at 5.35%, 5.87% and 6.35% asphalt content in the mixture of AC-WC. The results of this study show the mixture that meets specifications that represent all Marshall characteristics is a mixture with substitution of 50% fine aggregate of Jamur Ujung at 5.87% asphalt content with a stability value of 1355.90 Kg. Results of this research also show that fine aggregate of Jamur Ujung can be used as road construction project especially for asphalt concrete work (AC-WC).

TRADITIONAL OUTBUILDINGS OF THE MORDOVIANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Mokshina ◽  
Mihail I. Svyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Main Building ◽  
Genetic Problem ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The article deals with the main traditional outbuildings of the Mordvinians, reported on their functional purpose in economic activity. The forms and types of outbuildings, as well as the main building materials used by Mordvinians are described in details. Their significance in the religious and ceremonial life of the ethnic group is shown. Materials and Methods. The research is based on traditional methods of ethnographic science, such as field observation, survey and interviews, and a comprehensive approach. Among the methods of historical science comparative-historical, historical-genetic, problem-chronological, structural-system were used. Among the general scientific methods of research logical, descriptive, narrative, generalization, classification and systematization were involved. To achieve the results of the study, the materials collected by the authors in the course of field surveys conducted in the Mordovian villages were mainly used. Results and Discussion. Traditional outbuildings were of great importance in the economic activity of the Mordovian ethnic group. According to their functional purpose, they can be divided into the following groups: for livestock and poultry (stable, chicken coop, stable, kalda), sanitary and hygienic (bath), warehouse buildings for storage of food, utensils, firewood, animal feed (barn, cellar, woodshed, hayloft), for processing of grain (sheep, riga, mill). Depending on the welfare and financial capacity of the family, the number of outbuildings was different. As a rule, the wealthier families had more outbuildings than the less wealthier ones. The main building material for the construction of these buildings was wood. Conclusion. Thus, the traditional outbuildings of the Mordvinians occupied an important place in its economic activities. At the same time, each of them had its own purpose and performed certain functions. Some buildings, such as a bath and a barn, had not only economic purpose, but also were the venue for a number of prayers and ceremonies. It is now ordinarily they have banya (bath-house), outdoor courtyard with standing in different places sheds, barn and cellar.

scholarly journals Architectural ruins: geoculture of the anatomy of buildings as illustrated by Casa Ippolito, Malta

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lino Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Building Physics

AbstractRuins are a statement on the building materials used and the construction method employed. Casa Ippolito, now in ruins, is typical of 17th-century Maltese aristocratic country residences. It represents an illustration of secondary or anthropogenic geodiversity. This paper scrutinises these ruins as a primary source in reconstructing the building’s architecture. The methodology involved on-site geographical surveying, including visual inspection and non-invasive tests, a geological survey of the local lithostratigraphy, and examination of notarial deeds and secondary sources to support findings about the building’s history as read from its ruins. An unmanned aerial vehicle was used to digitally record the parlous state of the architectural structure and karsten tubes were used to quantify the surface porosity of the limestone. The results are expressed from four perspectives. The anatomy of Casa Ippolito, as revealed in its ruins, provides a cross-section of its building history and shows two distinct phases in its construction. The tissue of Casa Ippolito—the building elements and materials—speaks of the knowledge of raw materials and their properties among the builders who worked on both phases. The architectural history of Casa Ippolito reveals how it supported its inhabitants’ wellbeing in terms of shelter, water and food. Finally, the ruins in their present state bring to the fore the site’s potential for cultural tourism. This case study aims to show that such ruins are not just geocultural remains of historical built fabric. They are open wounds in the built structure; they underpin the anatomy of the building and support insights into its former dynamics. Ruins offer an essay in material culture and building physics. Architectural ruins of masonry structures are anthropogenic discourse rendered in stone which facilitate not only the reconstruction of spaces but also places for human users; they are a statement on the wellbeing of humanity throughout history.

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