scholarly journals Bioactivities of the ethanol extract from Ageratum fastigiatum branches: antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 1471-1484
Author(s):  
GLAUCIEMAR DEL-VECHIO-VIEIRA ◽  
BRUNA C.S. SANTOS ◽  
MARIA SILVANA ALVES ◽  
AÍLSON L.A. ARAÚJO ◽  
CÉLIA H. YAMAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ABSTRACT The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract from Ageratum fastigiatum branches. Phytochemical screening and total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrilhydrazin (DPPH) and iron reducing power methods. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, hot plate and tail immersion assays; while the carrageenan-induced paw edema and pleurisy tests were performed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity against acute inflammation. The extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, terpenes, sterols and saponins. Expressive levels of total phenols and flavonoids and a promising antioxidant effect were quantified. At the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, the extract inhibited the writhing, reduced both phases of paw licking time and increased the reaction time on the hot plate. In the tail immersion test, the extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) caused a significant inhibition of pain. In these doses, the paw edema, exudate volume and leucocyte mobilization were significantly reduced. These results suggest that A. fastigiatum can be an active source of substances with antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, adding scientific support to the appropriate use in the Brazilian folk medicine.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Diethyl Ether and n-Hexane Extract of Polyalthia suberosa Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelufar Yasmen ◽  
Md. Abdullah Aziz ◽  
Afsana Tajmim ◽  
Mst. Irin Akter ◽  
Amit Kumar Hazra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In folk medicine, Polyalthia suberosa is used as abortifacient, laxative, febrifuge analgesic, filler of tooth cavities, and anti-HIV drug and for rheumatism and various skin infections. The present study was directed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of diethyl ether and n-hexane extracts of Polyalthia suberosa leaves (PSDE and PSNH). A variety of tests including formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and tail immersion test were used to assess the analgesic activity. In addition, xylene-induced ear edema test was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of PSDE and PSNH. PSDE and PSNH at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses expressed analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activities in mice. In formalin-induced paw licking test, acetic acid induced writhing test, and xylene-induced ear edema test, the extracts exhibited significant inhibition (P⁎<0.05 versus control) of pain and inflammation. Alternatively, in tail immersion test, PSDE 400 mg/kg showed significant (P⁎<0.05 versus control) latency at 30 min but another tested sample had no significant latency. From this study, it could be shown that Polyalthia suberosa leaves may contain analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents which support its use in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive Effect of the Ethanol Leaf Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca Linn in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
O.A. Sodipo ◽  
J. Yakubu ◽  
A.M. Dungus ◽  
B. Wampana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Balanites aegyptiaca is a medicinal plant that has been used in a variety of folk medicines in India and Africa for the treatment of different ailments such as syphilis, jaundice, liver and spleen problems, epilepsy, yellow fever. This research aimed at investigating the phyt ochemical constituents, acute toxicity, anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the ethanol extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (EEBA) leaves. The plant material was extracted using ethanol as solvent. The dried ethanol extract was screened for the presence of phytochemicals; Acute toxicity (LD50) was  determined using Lorke’s method while anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities were evaluated using hot plate and tail immersion methods in albino rats. Results of the study revealed that phyto chemical constituents such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins and glycosides were found in the EEBA, intraperitoneal LD 50 of 2154 mg/kg shows the substance is non toxic. The EEBA produced significant (p <0.05) and dose dependent anti inflammatory and a ntinociceptive activities at all test doses (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg). The presence of the phytochemicals detected might be responsible for the demonstrated anti inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in the plant extract. Keywords: Phytochemical, Anti inflammatory, Antinociceptive , Balanites aegyptiaca

Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Crotalaria pallida Aiton (Fam: Fabaceae) Leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan Bulbul ◽  
Sumaiya Binta Fashiuddin ◽  
Mohammad R Haque ◽  
Md Zakir Sultan ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
External Application ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Crotalaria Pallida ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of Crotalaria pallida Aiton (Family: Fabaceae) leaves based on its traditional uses in the treatment of urinary disorders, external application as a poultice to treat painful swelling of joints and to reduce fever. The anti-nociceptive effect was assessed in mice using acetic acidinduced writhing, formalin-induced paw licking and tail immersion assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan induced paw oedema in rats. In acetic acid-induced writhing test, the extract at different doses (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg bw) significantly (p<0.001) and dose-dependently reduced pain by 37.50% and 47.70%, respectively. The extract also significantly inhibited formalininduced paw licking in mice at both the early and late phases. In the tail immersion test, the extract caused a significant inhibition of pain (64.91% inhibition after 4 hrs) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. C. pallida exhibited a considerable inhibition of paw oedema development in the carrageenan-induced oedema test. The findings of the study suggested that C. pallida leaves have significant anti-nociceptive and antiinflammatory effects, confirming the traditional uses of this plant in the treatment of various diseases associated with pain and inflammation.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 165-171, 2017

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Activity of Sclerotium stipitatum Berk. et. Curr. an Ethnomedicinal Fungus, in Chronic and Acute Animal Models of Inflammation

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Alina K. Sebastian ◽  
P. V. Anto
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sclerotium stipitatum Berk. et. Curr., locally known as ‘nilamanga’ is a rare macro fungus, traditionally used to treat numerous diseases like arthritis, earache, jaundice etc. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract of S. stipitatum and identify the bioactive compounds present in them. Phytochemical screening of extracts obtained using different solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water were done. The best extract was chosen for the acute carrageenan-induced and chronic formalin-induced anti-inflammatory studies. Diclofenac was used as the standard drug. Ethanol extract showed significant inhibition of inflammation induced by carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema models compared to the control. GC-MS analysis shows certain bioactive compounds. The significant inhibitory effect on paw edema proves that S. stipitatum possesses remarkable anti-inflammatory activity, and isolation and identification of bioactive compounds can be used for new drug formulations.

Extraction and evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Mimosa rubicaulis in Swiss albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshani Gurung ◽  
Sundar Adhikari ◽  
Niranjan Koirala ◽  
Kalpana Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Antiinflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Pain and inflammation are major health problems. The adverse effect of synthetic drugs for the management of painful inflammatory conditions gives a strong motivation for researchers to develop newer drugs with a lesser side effect. Mimosa rubicaulis has been used traditionally in rheumatism, fungal infection, wound, fever, etc. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of ethanolic stem extract of M. rubicaulis in Swiss albino rats. Methods: The stem of M. rubicaulis were collected, subjected to double maceration using ethanol as a solvent. Then, swiss albino rats (n=72) were taken. An acute toxicity study was conducted using different doses of plant extract. The antiinflammatory activity (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg) was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema test. While, analgesic activity (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg) was evaluated using a hot plate and tail immersion method. The result was analyzed using a one-way Analysis of variance and post hoc analysis with the Tukey test. Results: The acute toxicity study showed that the plant is safe for use in an animal model. The extract showed antiinflammatory activity by a reduction in paw edema volume i.e. 25%, and 48%. Similarly, analgesic activity was shown by an increase in latency of paw licking and tail withdrawal by 41%, 56% (hot plate method) and 39%, and 54% (Tail immersion method), p<0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ethanolic extract of Mimosa rubicaulis is safe and possesses both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroxydihydrocarvone

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo N. de Almeida ◽  
Damião P. de Sousa ◽  
Enilton A. Camargo ◽  
Fernando S. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rats And Mice

Hydroxydihydrocarvone (HC) is a synthetic intermediate obtained by hydration of the natural compound (R)-(-)-carvone. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory activity of orally administered HC. Toxicity, motor coordination, tail immersion test, as well as carrageenan-induced paw edema and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity or peritonitis were all evaluated in rodents. HC was force-fed to the animals 1 h before the stimulus. The lethal dose 50% (LD50) of orally administered HC was 1259 mg/kg. No changes in motor coordination were recorded in HC-treated mice in the rotarod test. The time of response to the thermoceptive stimulus in the tail immersion test was longer in HC-treated animals (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) than in the vehicle-treated group. HC also significantly decreased the area under curve of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema at 100 and 200 mg/kg and MPO activity at 200 mg/kg. Carrageenan-induced neutrophil recruitment to the peritoneal cavity was significantly reduced by HC at doses of 100 or 200 mg/kg, but not 50 mg/kg. These findings demonstrate that orally administered HC exerts antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in rats and mice.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Bixin, a Carotenoid Extracted from the Seeds of Bixa orellana

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (16) ◽  
pp. 1216-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanta Daliana Golin Pacheco ◽  
Alexia Thamara Gasparin ◽  
Carlos Henrique Alves Jesus ◽  
Bruna Bittencourt Sotomaior ◽  
Ana Clara Sans Salomão Brunow Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBixin is the main natural apocarotenoid extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana, widely used as a cosmetic and textile colorant. Despite the description of several pharmacological properties of B. orellana extracts, little has been studied regarding the pharmacological properties of bixin. Then we aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of bixin in preclinical models of inflammation and acute pain. The anti-inflammatory activity of bixin (15 or 30 mg/kg, orally) was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in male Wistar rats. The antinociceptive effect of bixin was assessed in the formalin and hot plate tests in rats (at same doses) and in the acetic acid-induced writhing test in Swiss albino male mice (at doses of 27 or 53 mg/kg). General locomotor activity was evaluated in the open field test. Only the higher dose of bixin significantly decreased the carrageenan-induced paw edema and the MPO activity and increased the latency time in the hot plate. Both doses of bixin significantly reduced the number of flinches in both phases of the formalin test and the number of acetic acid-induced writhings without changing the locomotor performance in the open field test. This study validates the use of bixin as an anti-inflammatory trough mechanism related to the reduction of neutrophil migration. Furthermore, this is the first report showing the antinociceptive property of bixin, which does not appear to be related to the sedative effect. Further studies are necessary to characterize the mechanisms involved in these effects.

scholarly journals Aristolochia trilobata: Identification of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Dayana da Costa Salomé ◽  
Natália de Morais Cordeiro ◽  
Tayná Sequeira Valério ◽  
Darlisson de Alexandria Santos ◽  
Péricles Barreto Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Cholinergic Receptor ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Skin Affection ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

Aristolochia trilobata, popularly known as “mil-homens,” is widely used for treatment of stomach aches, colic, asthma, pulmonary diseases, diabetes, and skin affection. We evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil (EO) and the main constituent, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-yl acetate (sulcatyl acetate, SA). EO and SA (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) were evaluated using chemical (formalin-induced licking) and thermal (hot-plate) models of nociception or inflammation (carrageenan-induced cell migration into the subcutaneous air pouch, SAP). The mechanism of antinociceptive activity was evaluated using opioid, cholinergic receptor antagonists (naloxone and atropine), or nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME). EO and SA presented a central antinociceptive effect (the hot-plate model). In formalin-induced licking response, higher doses of EO and SA also reduced 1st and 2nd phases. None of the antagonists and enzyme inhibitor reversed antinociceptive effects. EO and SA reduced the leukocyte migration into the SAP, and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 (TNF-α and IL-1β, respectively) produced in the exudate. Our results are indicative that EO and SA present peripheral and central antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.

Anti-inflammatory Effects ofScoparia dulcisL. and Betulinic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 943-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Chieh Tsai ◽  
Wen-Huang Peng ◽  
Tai-Hui Chiu ◽  
Shang-Chih Lai ◽  
Chao-Ying Lee
Keyword(s):  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analytical Result

The aims of this study intended to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract from Scoparia dulcis (SDE) and betulinic acid on λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of SDE and betulinic acid was examined by detecting the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the edema paw tissue and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRd) in the liver. The betulinic acid content in SDE was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the anti-inflammatory model, the results showed that SDE (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) and betulinic acid (20 and 40 mg/kg) reduced the paw edema at 3, 4 and 5 h after λ-carrageenan administration. Moreover, SDE and betulinic acid affected the levels of COX-2, NO, TNF-α and IL1-β in the λ-carrageenan-induced edema paws. The activities of SOD, GPx and GRd in the liver tissue were increased and the MDA levels in the edema paws were decreased. It is suggested that SDE and betulinic acid possessed anti-inflammatory activities and the anti-inflammatory mechanisms appear to be related to the reduction of the levels of COX-2, NO, TNF-α and IL1-β in inflamed tissues, as well as the inhibition of MDA level via increasing the activities of SOD, GPx and GRd. The analytical result showed that the content of betulinic acid in SDE was 6.25 mg/g extract.

scholarly journals Investigation of Pharmacological Activity of Caralluma penicillata: Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Gastritis Protection against Indomethacin in Adult Guinea Pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nabil Albaser ◽  
Najeeb Ghanem ◽  
Mohanad Shehab ◽  
Adnan Al-Adhal ◽  
Mohammed Amood AL-Kamarany
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Caralluma is a plant that possessing a great therapeutic potential in folk medicine in Yemen, namely, Caralluma penicillata (C. penicillata) as antiulcer. The study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties and gastritis protection activity of C. penicillata against indomethacin in adult guinea pigs. The study was divided into four parts: firstly, the optimum dose of extract as anti-inflammatory effect was determined. Secondly, the acute anti-inflammatory effect of extract were estimated. Thirdly, the repeated doses of extract against chronic inflammation was estimated. The anti-inflammatory activity of extract was compared with indomethacin as a prototype of drug against inflammation. Fourthly, the gastritis protection properties of extract with/without indomethacin were performed. The results showed that a 400 mg/kg of 10% ethanol extract produced the maximum of anti-inflammatory effect. Also, the single dose of extract was equipotent for indomethacin (10 mg/kg), but shorter in duration with regard to acute anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, the repeated doses of extract against chronic inflammation were less potent than indomethacin with regard to ulcerogenic effect. On the other hand, extract-indomethacin combination reduced the gastritis effect of indomethacin based on ulcer index and histological study.

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