scholarly journals Surveillance of intradomiciliary contacts of leprosy cases: perspective of the client in a hyperendemic municipality

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helizandra Simoneti Bianchini Romanholo ◽  
Eliana Amorim de Souza ◽  
Alberto Novaes Ramos Júnior ◽  
Adélia Cileode Gomes Castelo Branco Kaiser ◽  
Ismália Oliveira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatological Examination ◽  
Operational Quality ◽  
Northern Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize approach methods for intradomiciliary contacts (IdC) of leprosy cases resident in Northern Brazil, during 2001-2012. Method: A cross-sectional and descriptive study in the state of Rondônia. Included IdC of leprosy cases diagnosed/reported in SINAN-Ministry of Health (MS), 2001-2012. A semi-structured instrument was applied to the IdCs, with six interventions: complete dermatological examination; complete neurological examination; BCG vaccination; instructions for return to the health unit; BCG guidance; and guidance to mobilize other contacts. Results: From a total of 459 IdCs included, failure to perform the dermatological examination was reported by 191 people (41.6%) and the neurological examination, by 252 (54.9%); 138 (30.1%) did not have BCG indicated and 122 (26.6%) did not receive guidelines; 257 (56.0%) were not advised to return for a new evaluation/follow-up and 186 (40.5%) were not asked to mobilize other contacts. Conclusion: Despite the favorable indicators of IdC examination coverage in the state, the evaluation process presents patterns that indicate operational quality failures.

scholarly journals Differences in phosphatemia and frequency of consumption of dietary sources of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients in southern and northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Baggio Nerbass ◽  
Edcléia Regina Canzi ◽  
Renata dos Anjos Araujo ◽  
Dyane Corrêa ◽  
Rafaela Gonzaga dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sample ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphorus Sources ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pork Sausages

Abstract Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is associated with unfavorable outcomes, and the percentage of patients presenting with this condition in hemodialysis (HD) in kidney foundation units in the state of Santa Catarina (SC) is historically higher than that of patients in the state of Tocantins (TO). Objective: To assess the frequency of consumption of the main dietary sources of phosphorus and to compare them between the two states. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 123 patients, 66 of SC and 57 of TO: 52% were men, average age was 46.9 ± 15.7 years, and mean HD time 48 (57-71) months. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 33 items that are dietary sources of phosphorus was applied. A consumption score was calculated for sources of organic, inorganic, and total phosphorus, and the six-month average of phosphatemia was obtained. Results: The mean phosphatemia of SC patients was higher (6.2 ± 1.5 vs 4.7 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p <0001) than TO patients, as well as the prevalence of hyperphosphatemia (62% vs 28%; p <10001). In the total sample, the foods most frequently consumed were milk and beans. Comparing the frequency of consumption between the two states, a significant difference was found in 17 items. In TO, beef and beans were the foods most frequently consumed, and in SC, fourteen other items of the FFQ (pork, sausages, dairy products, etc.) were the most frequently consumed. Phosphatemia correlated with the frequency of consumption of inorganic phosphorus sources. Conclusion: the frequency of consumption of several items was different between the states, and this explains the differences in phosphatemia between the two regions.

scholarly journals Reasons patients leave their nearest healthcare service to attend Karen Park Clinic, Pretoria North

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes T. Masango- Makgobela ◽  
Indiran Govender ◽  
John V. Ndimande
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Staff Attitudes ◽  
Quality Service ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Many patients move from one healthcare provider or facility to another, disturbing the continuity that enhances holistic patient care.Objectives: To investigate the reasons given by patients for attending Karen Park Clinic rather than the clinic nearest to their homes.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during 2010. Three hundred and fifty patients attending Karen Park Clinic were given questionnaires to complete, with the following variables: place of residence; previous attendance at the clinic nearest their home; services available at their nearest clinic; and their willingness to attend their nearest clinic in future.Results: Respondents were from Soshanguve (153; 43.7%), Mabopane (92; 26.3%), Garankuwa (29; 8.3%) and Hebron (20; 5.7%) and most were women (271; 77.4%) aged 26–45 (177; 50.6%). Eighty per cent (281) of the patients had visited their nearest clinic previously and 54 of these (19.2%) said they would not return. The reasons for this were: long waiting time (88; 25.1%); long queues (84; 24%); rude staff (60; 17%); and no medication (39; 11.1%).Conclusion: The majority of patients who had attended their nearest clinic were adamant that they would not return. It is necessary to reduce waiting times, thus reducing long queues. This can be achieved by having adequate, satisfied healthcare providers to render a quality service and by organising training for management. Patients can thus be redirected to their nearest clinic and the health centre’s capacity can be increased by procuring adequate drugs. There is a need to follow up on patients’ complaints about staff attitudes.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer: Renal complications and survival after percutaneous nephrostomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alzira Carvalho Paula de Souza ◽  
Alfredo Nunes Souza ◽  
Rubens Kirsztajn ◽  
Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obstructive Nephropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Blood Pressure ◽  
Northern Brazil

SUMMARY Introduction: Obstructive nephropathy is a frequent complication in the course of advanced cervical cancer (CC), and ultrasonography-guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is a well established technique for fast ureteral desobstruction. Objective: To identify possible factors related to the survival and quality of life of patients with advanced CC presenting acute urinary obstructive complications that after desobstruction by PCN recovered urinary flux and renal function. Method: This is an analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study that included 45 patients with CC who underwent PCN and were divided into 2 groups: “death” (DG) and “survival” (SG), in a public hospital that is reference for oncologic diseases in Northern Brazil. Results: The mean serum creatinine of the patients preceding PCN was >10 mg/dL, and after PCN <2 mg/dL. The cutoffs of 8.7 g/dL for Hb (p=0.0241) and 27% for Ht (p=0.0065) indicated the values that better discriminate the outcomes of the groups. The presence of low blood pressure was statistically correlated (p=0.0037) to the outcome “death”. Changes in glomerular filtration rate (already reduced in all cases) were not associated to the levels of Hb/Ht or to the outcome “death” during the nephrological follow-up. Conclusion: PCN was responsible for the recovery of renal function in 61.7% of the patients, leading to interruption of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in all of those patients. Hb levels >8.7g/dL and Ht >27% were associated to longer survival, and the presence of low blood pressure during follow-up was associated with progression to death.

scholarly journals Descriptive study of HTLV infection in a population of pregnant women from the state of Pará, Northern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Guilhon Sequeira ◽  
Bruna Pedroso Tamegão-Lopes ◽  
Eduardo José Melo dos Santos ◽  
Ana Maria Revoredo Ventura ◽  
Maria Isabel Moraes-Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Htlv Infection ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
First Time ◽  
Brazilian Studies ◽  
Basic Health Units

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, studies have shown that HTLV seroprevalence among pregnant women varies from 0 to 1.8%. However, this seroprevalence was unknown in the State of Pará, Brazil. The present study describes, for the first time, the HTLV seroprevalence among pregnant women from the State of Pará, Northern Brazil. METHODS: 13,382 pregnant women were submitted to HTLV screening during prenatal care, and those with non-seronegative results to anti-HTLV were submitted to Western blot (WB) test to confirm and separate HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 carriers. RESULTS: HTLV seroprevalence in the population of pregnant women was 0.3%, and HTLV-1 was identified in 95.3% of patients. The demographic profile of HTLV carriers was as follows: women with age between 20 and 40 years old (78.4%); residing in the metropolitan region of Belém, Pará (67.6%); and with educational level of high school (56.8%). Other variables related to infection were as follows: beginning of sexual intercourse between the age of 12 and 18 years old (64.9%) and have being breastfed for more than 6 months (51.4%). Most of the women studied had at least two previous pregnancies (35.1%) and no abortion (70.3%). Coinfections (syphilis and HIV) were found in 10.8% (4/37) of these pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: Seroprevalence of HTLV infection in pregnant women assisted in basic health units from the State of Pará, Northern Brazil, was 0.3% similar to those described in other Brazilian studies. The variables related to infection were important indicators in identifying pregnant women with a higher tendency to HTLV seropositivity, being a strategy for disease control and prevention, avoiding vertical transmission.

scholarly journals Antidepressants: knowledge and use among nursing students

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Plínio Tadeu Istilli ◽  
Adriana Inocenti Miasso ◽  
Cláudia Maria Padovan ◽  
José Alexandre Crippa ◽  
Carlos Renato Tirapelli
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Antidepressant Therapy ◽  
Nursing School ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antidepressant Medications

This study examined the knowledge of nursing students in regard to using antidepressant medication and proposes actions such that nurses contribute to a safe and effective antidepressant therapy. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in a public nursing school in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, between March and November 2008. Fifty-two (19%) out of the 273 participants were using or had used antidepressants. Instruction concerning the use of antidepressants was provided by physicians. Even after receiving instruction concerning the antidepressant treatment before its administration, the majority of users (cII1=0.07, p> 0.05) still had doubts about its use. Fluoxetine was the most prevalent antidepressant. Actions to improve knowledge concerning the use of antidepressant medications, their side and therapeutic effects, seem to be necessary and relevant.

scholarly journals Prenatal follow-up of Haitian and Brazilian women in Mato Grosso

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-326
Author(s):  
Delma Riane Rebouças Batista ◽  
Silvia Angela Gugelmin ◽  
Ana Paula Muraro
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The Public ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
Birth Records

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the prenatal follow-up performed by pregnant women in Haiti and Brazil in the state of Mato Grosso. Methods: a cross-sectional study of secondary database, with analysis of SINASC birth records in Mato Grosso between 2013 and 2015, of Brazilian children, born from both Brazilian and Haitian mothers. Variables related to the identification of the newborn and the woman, maternal data on gestational history, including information on prenatal follow-up of the last gestation were evaluated, besides the birth characteristics. Results: 167,820 live births were registered in the state in the period, of which 139 (0.08%) were children of Haitian women. Haitian mothers were older, however with lower schooling when compared to Brazilian mothers. The proportion of mothers of Haitian nationality who had at least 6 prenatal consultations was lower, and the proportion of vaginal births was higher, when compared to Brazilian women. The prevalence of low birth weight among live births of Haitian mothers was also higher. Conclusions: the results of this study point to the need to understand these differences, since some indicators have distanced from those advocated by WHO. These findings may contribute to the public policies development aimed at this population.

scholarly journals Shocking Behavior: Random Wealth in Antebellum Georgia and Human Capital Across Generations *

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 1455-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoyt Bleakley ◽  
Joseph Ferrie
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
White Male ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Median Level

Abstract Does the lack of wealth constrain parents’ investments in the human capital of their descendants? We conduct a nearly 50-year follow-up of an episode in which such constraints would have been plausibly relaxed by a random allocation of substantial wealth to families. We track descendants of participants in Georgia’s Cherokee Land Lottery of 1832, in which nearly every adult white male in the state took part. Winners received close to the median level of wealth—a large financial windfall orthogonal to participants’ underlying characteristics that might have also affected their children’s human capital. Although winners had slightly more children than did nonwinners, they did not send them to school more. Sons of winners have no better adult outcomes (wealth, income, literacy) than the sons of nonwinners, and winners’ grandchildren do not have higher literacy or school attendance than nonwinners’ grandchildren. We can reject effects implied by the cross-sectional gradient of child outcomes by paternal wealth. This suggests only a limited role for family financial resources in the formation of human capital in the next generations in this environment and a potentially more important role for other factors that persist through family lines.

scholarly journals Prevention measures for vertical HIV transmission: monitoring infected pregnant women and exposed children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Cristina Silvana da Silva Vasconcelos ◽  
Renata Junqueira Pereira ◽  
Adiléia Fernandes Barros da Silva Santos ◽  
Lúcia Helena Almeida Gratão
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Use ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Objectives: to present an analysis of the follow-up of exposed children and pregnant women living with HIV who are assisted in a reference public healthcare service of a Brazilian capital. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with sociodemographic and clinical data obtainedfrom physical and electronic medical records of women living with HIV and exposed children, treated between 2000 and 2018, in a secondary healthcare service. For associations, the chi-square test at 5% significance was used. Results: the data about 183 pregnancies and 214 children from the capital or other municipalities in the state were analyzed. The women have low schooling, are brown or black, single, multiparous, diagnosed with HIV during prenatal care, with the start of follow-up from the third trimester of pregnancy and the use of prophylaxis during childbirth. As for children, the associations were significant for notification on SINAN, admission to the health service, use of prophylaxis indicating better monitoring for those who live in the state capital. Conclusions: the prevention measures recommended by the Ministry of Health, in general, were followed, but children and pregnant women who live in other cities were worse off than those ones in the capital. Unnotified cases were identified on SINAN. These issues may contribute to new cases of vertical transmission of HIV.

scholarly journals Investigating the Readiness of Red Crescent Society Staff Against Risks in Khorasan Razavi Province

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Yosofi Sigari ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Tavakoli Sani ◽  
Sayed Mojtaba Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Effective Parameter ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Performance ◽  
Study Population

 Introduction: Recent experiences with disasters have shown that given that Iran is a natural disaster-waiting country, warnings must be taken seriously and people in different groups should have necessary preparations to deal with the hazards. The readiness of the relief agencies as one of the first responding organizations involved in crises as well as the readiness of their families as an effective parameter in the response of the relief agencies should be given special attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the state of readiness for hazard among staff of the Red Crescent Society of Khorasan Razavi Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 2018. The study population consist of all personnel of the Red Crescent Society of Khorasan Razavi province (n: 146). Sampling was done by census. The level of preparedness was assessed and evaluated by the indicators determined by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education for assessment of the level of household readiness (HDPI) using descriptive statistics. Results: The results showed that the lowest readiness index (2.75) was observed among the staff of the Relief and Rescue Deputy. The most qualified staff of the Society can be found in the Education Deputy who attained the highest score (5.25) on the index. Conclusion: Although relief staff are expected to be present at crises immediately and conveniently, the low score in this index, that is, the lack of readiness of staff’s families, was very effective on staff performance and could even reduce their attending the department at crisis.Therefore, special attention should be paid to promoting their readiness Keywords: Readiness, Red Crescent Society, Dangers.

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of confirmed meningitis cases reported in the state of Ceará from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e885998235
Author(s):  
Evaldo Hipólito de Oliveira ◽  
Andreson Félix da Cruz ◽  
Carla Graziela da Silva ◽  
Nayra Barbosa Alves ◽  
Maria do Socorro Viana do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The Brain

Meningitis is an inflammatory process that affects the brain membranes (pia mater and arachnoid), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Such a process can be caused by viruses and bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará, reported from 2014 to 2018. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study that outlined a quantitative and descriptive study on cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará. Ceará, retrospectively, from 2014 to 2018. Data from the Department of Informatics of SUS, DATASUS, were used. Of the 1710 reported cases of meningitis, the highest prevalence was in the 20-39 age group and the 40-59 age group, 32.0% and 20.6%, respectively. Males account for 62% of confirmations. 1398 occur in the state capital, Fortaleza, being of majority expression. The diagnostic test with the highest number of confirmations is the chemocytological test.

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