scholarly journals Directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in the State of São Paulo

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167-1172
Author(s):  
Rogério José de Azevedo Meirelles ◽  
Pedro Fredemir Palha
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment ◽  
Political Management ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Coverage Profile

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe and analyze the coverage profile of directly observed treatment for tuberculosis in 59 priority municipalities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, through the creation and comparison of groups homogenized by the number of people in each municipality from 2006 to 2012. Method: Quantitative, epidemiological and descriptive study based on the data available in the EPI-TB and the Statistica 7.0 software databases. Results: The mean and standard deviation of directly observed treatment for the 59 priority municipalities of the state of São Paulo were 77.0 ± 24.3%. The coverage of directly observed treatment increased in 34 municipalities (57.6%) but decreased in 25 (42.4%). Conclusion: Some municipalities could not keep the coverage reached at some point. This coverage heterogeneity should be examined in detail by searching for possible reasons in political-management, technical-operational and funding dimensions.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability of leaf wetness duration in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (spe) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emília Hamada ◽  
Raquel Ghini ◽  
Jeferson Lobato Fernandes ◽  
Mário José Pedro Júnior ◽  
Paulo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Leaf Wetness ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Leaf Wetness Duration ◽  
The Mean

One of the main factors influencing the occurrence of plant diseases is the leaf wetness duration (LWD). However, this climatic parameter is not generally and systematically recorded at meteorological stations, and the alternative to obtain an estimate for LWD is the use of mathematical models. The objective of this study was to estimate LWD for the State of São Paulo, on the basis of the number of hours with relative humidity equal to or higher than 90%, and also plot them on a map with help of the Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. Using daily relative humidity data from ten meteorological stations of the State, for six years, adjustment equations were obtained for different LWD periods (hours day-1) (R² from 0.58 to 0.81) and of number of days (ND) per month with LWD for a period equal to or higher than ten consecutive hours (R² from 0.57 to 0.75), both as functions of the mean relative humidity. The mean LWD and the mean ND varied among the different regions of the State and different periods of the year. The smallest estimated values of mean annual LWD and ND were observed for the west region of the State, and the highest values for the coastal region.

scholarly journals Hygiene and motivation factors of nursing work in a cardiology ward

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Bueno Somense ◽  
Erika Christiane Marocco Duran
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Support ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Professional Satisfaction ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Career Growth

The present study aimed to identify hygienic and motivational factors in the nursing work according to the Two-Factor Theory, as well as their relation with professional satisfaction/dissatisfaction. This exploratory-descriptive study involved nine nurses from the cardiology ward of a hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo, between August and September 2013. A self-applied questionnaire was used, including open and closed questions. The data were categorized as hygienic and motivational. Results show the nurses' satisfaction with autonomy, work itself and teamwork, duties, content and responsibilities of the job. Dissatisfaction is related to career growth possibilities; work, political and administrative conditions at the institution, supervision and lack of institutional support. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors include relationships, acknowledgements and remuneration. Nurses' satisfaction is determined by multiple and often controversial factors.

scholarly journals Characterization of research groups in nursing education in the state of são paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Pedroso Canever ◽  
Marta Lenise do Prado ◽  
Vânia Marli Schubert Backes ◽  
Mônica Motta Lino
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Master’S Degree

The aim of this documentary, quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study was to characterize research groups in nursing education in the state of São Paulo and the conformity of its researchers and scientific works. Data were collected in Directory Groups of CNPq, in the 2008 census and in the Lattes platform. São Paulo has 12 Research Groups in Nursing Education, with 94 researchers, of which 91.5% are research fellows, or have a Ph.D or a master's degree. These groups have published 875 scientific articles, 62 books, 191 book chapters and 96 full papers in event annals. A total of 88.8% of scientific articles were published in Brazilian journals with Qualis/CAPES A2. São Paulo stands out in the Brazilian setting for having the largest number of research groups, qualified researchers and high-quality publications. These facts are directly related to high federal and state investments.

The Socioeconomic Potentials of the Religious Tourism of the State of São Paulo (Brazil)

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Edegar Luis Tomazzoni ◽  
Daniela Tineo Beck
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The University

In the list of 105 pilgrimage sites in Brazil, 12 are located in the State of São Paulo. The Basilica (or Sanctuary) of Our Lady Aparecida, in Aparecida do Norte (São Paulo), is the largest pilgrimage center in Brazil and has received more than 12 million visitors per year in the last three years. In the Vale do Paraíba (State of São Paulo), of the 41 million tourists, 18 million were concentrated in the Religious Circuit. The main objective of this chapter is to discuss the proposal for the creation of a research project by the Postgraduate Program in Tourism of the School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities (EACH) of the University of São Paulo (USP), which contributes to the productive chain of religious tourism, which impact the social, cultural, economic, and human development of the State of São Paulo (Brazil). The creation of the website of the Religious Cultural Tourism Observatory of the State of São Paulo would be one of the main dissemination strategies and a relevant indicator of the evaluation of the results of the research project.

scholarly journals Influenza viruses in adult dogs raised in rural and urban areas in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalva Assunção Portari Mancini ◽  
Rita Maria Zucatelli Mendonça ◽  
Aparecida Santo Pietro Pereira ◽  
Adélia Hiroko Nagamori Kawamoto ◽  
Camila Infantosi Vannucchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Mean

In 1970, searching for the interspecies transmission of influenza viruses led to the first study on influenza viruses in domestic animals. Birds and mammals, including human beings, are their natural hosts; however, other animals may also play a role in the virus epidemiology. The objective was to investigate the incidence of influenza viruses in adult dogs raised in rural (9, 19.56%) and urban (37, 80.43%) areas in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Dog serum samples were examined for antibodies to influenza viruses by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using the corresponding antigens from the circulating viruses in Brazil. Dogs from rural areas presented antibodies to influenza A H3N2, and influenza A H7N7 and H3N8. In rural areas, dog sera displayed mean titers as 94.37, 227.88, 168.14, 189.62 HIU/25 µL for subtypes H1N1, H3N2, H7N7, H3N8, respectively. About 84% and 92% of dogs from urban areas exhibited antibodies to human influenza A H1N1 and H3N2, respectively, with statistical difference at p < 0.05 between the mean titers of antibodies to H1N1 and H3N2. About 92% and 100% were positive for H7N7 and H3N8, respectively. In dogs from urban areas, the mean titers of antibodies against influenza A H1N1, H3N2, H7N7 and H3N8, were 213.96, 179.42, 231.76, 231.35 HIU/25 µL respectively. The difference among them was not statistically significant at p > 0.05. In conclusion, these dogs were positive for both human and equine influenza viruses. The present study suggests the first evidence that influenza viruses circulate among dogs in Brazil.

scholarly journals A descriptive study of prostate cancer mortality in the state of São Paulo, from 1980 to 2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ary Serpa Neto ◽  
Marcos Tobias-Machado ◽  
Marcelo Langer Wroclawski ◽  
Marco Akerman ◽  
Antônio Carlos Lima Pompeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
The State ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Treatment Measures

ABSTRACT Objective: Prostate cancer is the second most common neoplasm among men worldwide. This study aimed to examine the trend in mortality rates of prostate cancer among the population in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1980 to 2007. Methods: a descriptive study of temporal series was conducted using mortality data due to prostate cancer between1980 and 2007 in the state of São Paulo. Mortality rates were obtained from the SUS Information System on Mortality (SIM/SUS – DATASUS). The age-specific mortality rates were calculated as well as linear regression and temporal trend analysis. Results: It could be observed that mortality increased according to age, being very similar only between the age group 70-79 years and ≥ 80 years (p = 0.047). The mortality peak in the age group 50-79 years occurred at the same time; however, the drop in mortality rates since then has been much more pronounced in the group of 50-59 years. There was a linear increase and direct association between the number of biopsies and the incidence of prostate cancer (r = 0.714, p = 0.024). Conclusions: Prostate cancer is a major cause of mortality in São Paulo and effective screening and treatment measures should be adopted to improve this scenario.

scholarly journals Vectors of arboviruses in the state of São Paulo: 30 years of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalton Pereira da Fonseca Júnior ◽  
Lígia Leandro Nunes Serpa ◽  
Gerson Laurindo Barbosa ◽  
Mariza Pereira ◽  
Marcia Moreira Holcmam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: To describe the infestation of the municipalities of São Paulo by the vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, characterize seasonality and analyze average temperatures and larval densities. METHODS: We used maps with information on the infestation of municipalities between 1986 and 2015. The analysis of larval density of the species by the Wilcoxon test used the Breteau index values for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus obtained from the Superintendency for Endemic Diseases Control database. In the seasonal description, arithmetic means of each vector were calculated by month and year. Mean temperature analyses were presented on maps with color gradients. RESULTS: The state of São Paulo is currently almost totally infested, with co-occurrence of species in 93.64% of the municipalities. The seasonality analysis showed the first quarter as the most favorable period for larval abundance. The increase of mean temperatures in geographical areas coincided with the temporal trajectory of Ae. aegypti territorial expansion. The mean larval density found was higher for Ae. aegypti than for Ae. albopictus (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: Initially, these Culicidae occupied distinct and opposing areas. Over time, however, co-occurrence showed how great their capacity for adaptation is, even in the face of different social and urban conjunctures. The increase of the mean temperature contributed to Ae. Aegypti’s geographic expansion, as well as to the clearly seasonal profile of both species. In general, larval infestation by Ae. aegypti prevailed, which evidenced its competitive superiority. These data provide a better understanding of the dynamics of arboviral transmission in the state of São Paulo and can be used in vector surveillance and control.

scholarly journals Helminths of Steindachnerina insculptain two distinct stretches of the Taquari River, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Angelina Acosta ◽  
Jamile Queiroz ◽  
Heleno Brandão ◽  
Edmir Daniel Carvalho ◽  
Reinaldo Jose da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Fish Sample ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the helminth fauna of Steindachnerina insculpta in the Taquari River, a tributary of the Jurumirim reservoir in the state of São Paulo, and to investigate whether some helminth species may act as a bioindicator of environmental impact. The host fish sample was composed of 60 specimens, with 30 individuals sampled in a lotic stretch and 30 in a lentic stretch. The following were found: the monogeneans Anacanthoroides mizelli, Diaphorocleidus kabatai, Urocleidoides sp. and Euryhaliotrema chaoi; the digenean Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum and unidentified metacercariae; the nematode Travnema travnema and unidentified larvae; and the acanthocephalan Gorytocephalus plecostomorum. The total prevalence of monogeneans (z = 3.14; p = 0.002) and A. mizelli (z = 3.879; p ≤ 0.001), as well as the mean abundance of total monogeneans (U = 642.0; p ≤ 0.001) and A. mizelli (U = 623.5; p ≤ 0.001), were higher in the lentic stretch. Steindachnerina insculpta and its monogeneans comprise a potential group that could be used to investigate environmental impact, as demonstrated in this study.

scholarly journals Human leptospirosis: a twenty-nine-year serological study in São Paulo, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliete Caló Romero ◽  
Carla Cristiane da Motta Bernardo ◽  
Paulo H. Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serological Study ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Human Leptospirosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Potential Public Health

A retrospective study of 9,335 cases of human leptospirosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, diagnosed between 1969 and 1997 showed that the disease is endemic throughout the state. Middle-aged adults, with a range of 20-39 years, were most frequently infected (32.40%). The mean annual incidence was 0.53 per 100,000 population and the disease was more frequent in males (87.0%). Cases occurred mainly in January to April each year. A peak was observed in 1991 and 1996 which rainfall average was 159.9 and 160.3, respectively. These data emphasize the potential public health importance of leptospirosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

scholarly journals How to Suceed in Convincing Municipalities to build Astronomy Centres: the experience of Campinas Region

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
A.L.K. Bretones ◽  
P.S. Bretones
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City

The objective of this work is to make known the astronomical activities in the region of Campinas, the process of developing municipal cooperation and the general conclusions that reflect this process.This research has been done by means of interviews with people related to the creation of astronomical centers in the region of the city of Campinas that is located in the state of São Paulo in Brasil (Fig. 1 and 2).The conditions studied are related with this region but many ideas could be used in developing countries or others.

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