scholarly journals Occurrence of violence in the elderly and its associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Silva Maia ◽  
Efigênia Ferreira e Ferreira ◽  
Elza Machado de Melo ◽  
Andréa Maria Duarte Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Forms Of Violence

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the occurrence of violence in the elderly and its associated factors in the city of Betim, Minas Gerais. Method: cross-sectional study constituted by a population survey conducted through structured interviews. The sample was stratified by clusters and included 178 elderly people at the end. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and was performed a Correspondence Analysis. Results: The most prevalent forms of violence were: lack of access to social rights (31%), verbal violence (22%), moral/psychological (19%), lack of care (16%), physical violence (6%), sexual (3%) and discrimination (3%). Women suffered more abuse than men and violence had greater association with the degree of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: our research has direct implication for the sectors interested in coping with violence in the elderly, especially for nurses, because it shows violence is part of a cycle with characteristic associated factors that conforms a model nested mainly in the family relationship.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Insomnia and Factors Associated with it Among the Elderly People of Sarangdanda VDC in Panchthar District

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Keywords Alcohol ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Insomnia is one of the major and unsolved problems in older people. Most of the sleep studies report that the different forms of insomnia like Difficulty Initiating Sleep (DIS), Difficulty Maintaining Sleep (DMS) and Non-Restorative Sleep (NRS) are common among the elderly that are associated to many factors. The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of insomnia and the factors associated to it among the elderly people. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 elderly people of and above 60 years of age in Sarangdanda VDC of Panchthar District of Eastern Nepal. The presence or absence of insomnia and the associated factors were assessed on them by the help of interview schedule. The results were analyzed using chi-square test in SPSS (version 11.5). DMS was the most common reported form of insomnia among the elderly followed by DIS and NRS. Association between insomnia and each of factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours and use of alcohol before sleeping hours were statistically significant at 95% level of confidence. Insomnia affects a large proportion of elderly and is triggered by many factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime and use of alcohol before sleeping hours. Keywords: Alcohol; tea/coffee; difficulty initiating sleep (DIS); difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS); non-restorative sleep (NRS); tobacco DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4517 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.129-142

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS GERIATRIC HEALTH AND THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Mohd Shaiful Ehsan Shalihin ◽  
Nuria Syafira Abd Muttalib ◽  
Nur Syahirah Azmi ◽  
Zahra Najwa Mohd Zin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical Learning ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Basic Medical

Comprehensive care towards geriatric health can be sustained by having good knowledge and attitude among the providers. Hence, this research aims to measure the knowledge and attitude of the final year medical students towards geriatric health and determine the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students using structured questionnaires of Geriatric-Attitude-Scale and Palmore-Facts-on-Aging-Quiz was used. Data was analysed using Mann Whitney U test, Chi square test and Spearman correlation coefficient analysis for the association between the score and studied variables. Median score of students’ knowledges is at 14.00 (IQR 13.00) and mean score for attitude is 48.52 (+5.53) respectively. Place of residence (P= 0.01) and presence of grandparents (P= 0.04) were the significant factors that affected knowledge of students towards geriatrics while number of siblings (P= 0.05) influenced attitudes of students towards geriatrics. Improvement of current geriatric curriculum should be done with more refined implementation of gerontology course in the basic medical learning.

scholarly journals Physical violence and alcohol drinking consumption among teenagers

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Amanda Pacheco de Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Da Franca ◽  
Valdenice Aparecida de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition, between childhood and adulthood marked by biological, psychological and social changes. These changes characterize the situations of vulnerability to which these individuals are exposed. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between alcohol consumption and involvement in physical violence among adolescent students in the city of Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: This was a pilot, cross-sectional, study conducted with adolescents enrolled in high school. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire was applied in the classroom and questions were taken from the modules on alcohol consumption, violence and socioeconomic data. Analysis of associations was performed using the Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test when the Chi-square parameters were not met. Results: Involvement in physical altercations was associated with male gender (p = 0.001), alcohol consumption in the last 30 days (p = 0.019), binge drinking (p = 0.022) and higher maternal education (p = 0.037). Conclusion: There was an association between the consumption of alcohol by adolescents and physical violence. These results are an indication of the vulnerability to which this population is exposed and is a warning of the need for further studies to investigate this issue.

scholarly journals Abuse Experienced by Elderly Residing in a Community of Pokhara, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Pramila Bhandari ◽  
Mira Baral
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Migration

Background: Abuse of the elderly is a hidden problem in Nepalese community. Pokhara city is highly affected by urbanization, modernization and migration that predispose older adults to social isolation and financial difficulties increasing their risk to abuse. This study aims to fill the gap in the knowledge in the area of abuse of elderly in Pokhara city.Objectives: The major objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of caregiver abuse experienced by the older adults and find out the factors associated with the abuse. Method: A cross sectional study was used for the study. Convenience sampling technique was used and data was collected from 192 elderly above the age of 60 years residing a community of Pokhara-28, Kaski at their households using a structured interview schedule. Data was collected in June 2018, for a period of one month. Before data collection, informed written consent was taken from participants. The data was analyzed by using SPSS-16 and chi-square test was used as inferential statistics to determine the association between the elder abuse and selected variables.Result: We found out that 65.6% of the elderly experienced at least one abuse in the last 6 months. The most common forms of abuse were caregiver neglect (55.2%) and psychological abuse (38.5%). The elderly abuse was statistically significant with female sex (p=0.001), unmarried/widow/widower/separated/divorced (p=.021), illiterate (p=0.002), and among those having chronic illness (p=0.003). Conclusion: Almost 7 out of 10 elderly experienced abuse in the past 6 months. The most common form of abuse was caregiver neglect followed by psychological and financial abuse. Older adults who were females, unmarried/widowed/separated/divorced, illiterate and those having chronic disease were at higher risk for abuse.

scholarly journals Violence against women before and during gestation: differences in prevalence rates and perpetrators

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-501
Author(s):  
Marizélia Rodrigues Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Bianca Portela Teles Pessoa ◽  
Galvani Ascar Sauaia ◽  
Lilia Blima Schraiber ◽  
Rejane Christine de Sousa Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Objectives: to analyze differences in prevalence and perpetrators of violence against women before and during pregnancy. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,446 pregnant women interviewed in 2010 and 2011 in the São Luís municipality (Brazil). Thirteen questions measured psychological, physical and sexual violence in the 12 months before and during pregnancy. Psychological/physical/sexual violence was defined as any type of violence perpetrated against the interviewees. The perpetrators were categorized into intimate partner, other family members, community members, and multiple perpetrators. Differences between violence before and during pregnancy were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results: psychological/physical/sexual and psychological violence were more prevalent during pregnancy than before gestation (p<0.001). Insults, humiliation and intimidation (p<0.05) were more frequently reported during pregnancy. An intimate partner was the most frequent perpetrator. There were no differences in the percentage of moderate and severe forms of physical violence and sexual violence, recurrence of aggressions and perpetrators in both periods (p>0.05). Conclusions: gestation did not protect users of prenatal services in São Luís municipality from psychological, physical and sexual violence. Psychological/physical/sexual and psychological violence were more commonly practiced during pregnancy. The perpetrators of violence in the year before gestation continued to abuse the interviewees during pregnancy

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in primary schoolchildren in Lokossa, Benin: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Sagbo ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
Aline Bárbara Pereira Costa ◽  
Larissa Loures Mendes ◽  
Nagham Khanafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Height For Age

ABSTRACT Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of stunting and thinness and sociodemographic, household, family, dietary, and scholar associated factors in schoolchildren living in Lokossa-Benin. Methods: a survey conducted in a probabilistic sample (n=615) of primary schoolchildren (8-17 years), from 12/2018 to 01/2019, using structured questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. Thinness and stunting were defined as Height-for-age and Body Mass Index-for-age below-2 standard deviations, respectively. Associations were estimated by chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: thinness and stunting prevalence was 13.1% (95%CI:9.0-18.7) and 25.5% (95%CI:20.6-31.2), respectively. Odds of thinness were higher among older schoolchildren and those who experienced hunger at school. Odds of stunting increased with age, low diet diversity, experiencing hunger at school, and having school meal five days a week (OR:2.09; 95%CI:1.29-3.36). Conclusions: stunting was the most common problem. Older schoolchildren and those with food deprivation or poor diet diversity were the most affected.

scholarly journals O que levou os idosos à institucionalização?

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Valderina Moura Lopes ◽  
Allyny Mobley Tavares dos Santos Scofield ◽  
Renata Kelly Lopes de Alcântara ◽  
Bruna karen Cavalcante Fernandes ◽  
Saul Filipe Pedrosa Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
Chi Square Test

RESUMOObjetivo: descrever os principais motivos que levaram os idosos à institucionalização. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, realizado em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos, por consulta a 219 prontuários, utilizando-se um questionário. Para a associação das variáveis contínuas e categóricas, foram utilizados os testes Kruskal-wallis e o Teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson considerando p<0,05, apresentados em tabela. Resultados: no total, 55,6% eram idosos do sexo feminino, com idade média de 77 (±0,55). Os principais motivos foram vontade própria, questões familiares, abandono e violência. As variáveis mais relacionadas aos motivos de institucionalização foram sexo (p=0,013), estado civil (p=0,041), com quem residia (p=<0,001), recebe visitas (p=0,011) e grau de dependência (p=<0,001). As causas determinantes encontradas que levaram os idosos à inserção em uma instituição de longa permanência chamam a atenção para a busca de ações e estratégias sociais e políticas prévias, antes da institucionalização, a fim de evitar a sua ocorrência, a superlotação e os custos onerosos nesses estabelecimentos. Conclusão: observou-se que todos os idosos, independentemente do motivo, estiveram expostos a desfechos clínicos e sociais negativos. Descritores: Instituição de Longa Permanência Para Idosos; Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado; Envelhecimento; Saúde Pública, Idoso; Habitação para Idosos.ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the main reasons that led the elderly people to institutionalization. Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional study carried out in a long-term institution for the elderly by 219 medical records, using a questionnaire. For the association of continuous and categorical variables, the Kruskal-Wallis tests and Pearson's Chi-Square test were used considering p <0.05, presented in a table. Results: in total, 55.6% were female elderly, with a mean age of 77 years old (± 0.55). The main reasons were self-will, family issues, abandonment, and violence. The variables most related to the reasons for institutionalization were gender (p=0.013), marital status (p=0.041), company at home (p=0.001), receiving visits (p=0.011) and degree of dependency (p=<0.001). The determining causes that have led the elderly person to join a long-term institution were highlighted to the search for prior social actions and strategies, prior to institutionalization, in order to avoid their occurrence, overcrowding and the high costs in these establishments. Conclusion: it was observed that all the elderly person, regardless of the reason, were exposed to negative clinical and social outcomes. Descriptors: Homes For The Age; Health of Institutionalized Elderly; Aging; Public Health; Aged; Housing For The Elderly.RESUMENObjetivo: describir los principales motivos que llevaron a los ancianos a la institucionalización. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, realizado en una institución de larga permanencia para ancianos, por consulta a 219 prontuarios, utilizándose un cuestionario. Para la asociación de las variables continuas y categóricas, fueron utilizados los testes Kruskal-wallis y el Test Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson considerando p<0,05, presentados en una tabla. Resultados: en total, 55,6% eran ancianos del sexo femenino, con edad media de 77 (±0,55). Los principales motivos fueron ganas propia, cuestiones familiares, abandono y violencia. Las variables más relacionadas a los motivos de institucionalización fueron sexo (p=0,013), estado civil (p=0,041), con quien residía (p=<0,001), recibe visitas (p=0,011) y grado de dependencia (p=<0,001). Las causas determinantes encontradas que llevaron a los ancianos a la inserción en una institución de larga permanencia llaman la atención para la búsqueda de acciones y estrategias sociales y políticas previas, antes de la institucionalización, para evitar su ocurrencia, la superlotación y los costos altos en esos establecimientos. Conclusión: se observó que todos los ancianos, independientemente del motivo, estuvieron expuestos a resultados clínicos y sociales negativos. Descriptores: Hogares para Ancianos; Salud del Anciano Institucionalizado; Envejecimiento; Salud Pública, Anciano; Viviendas para Ancianos.

Assessment of tooth wear and its associated factors in adult patients visiting a dental hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-274
Author(s):  
Rojin Joshi ◽  
S Gautam ◽  
B Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Tooth wear is a universal consequence of aging. It is an irreversible, multifactorial and destructive loss of dental hard tissues caused by either a mechanical or chemical process in the absence of caries or trauma. It can be a physiological and age dependent process. The risk factors that contribute to tooth wear are diet, bruxism, environment, occupation, oral health behaviour, acid regurgitation and use of tobacco. This study was done to find out if there is an association between tooth wear and its associated factors. So that we can educate the patients about the various factors causing tooth wear and minimise it. This cross sectional study was done amongst 339 patients. The clinical assessment of tooth wear was done using tooth wear index developed by Smith & Knight. A specifically designed questionnaire was used to seek information on risk factors of tooth wear. All patients were categorised into one of the following groups: Low Tooth Wear group, Moderate Tooth Wear group, Severe Tooth Wear group based on their individual tooth wear surface scores. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test and descriptive statistics were calculated. We can see that the severity of tooth wear increases with age i.e, p≤0.05 which is statistically significant. Patients with self reported tooth sensitivity (60.5%) had a higher total tooth wear score than those who didn’t (39.5%) and the result was statistically significant. The results of our study show that tooth wear is a consequence of aging and there is an association between tooth wear and dentinal hypersensitivity.

scholarly journals Investigation of healthy living strategies in elderly who achieved to live long and healthy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgut Şahinöz ◽  
Saime Şahinöz
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Objective: To determine the lifestyles, healthy living strategies and socio-cultural characteristics of elderly people who lived long and healthy. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. This study was conducted on 472 elderly patients, aged 80 years and over, selected by random sampling method. The socio-demographic characteristics and daily living activities of the elderly were determined by face to face interview technique using the “Elderly Questionnaire” developed by the researchers in 2018. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Based on the average age (84) of the elderly in the research group, it was seen that they were able to exceed the average life expectancy of their fathers (72) and mothers (73). It has been found that the participants live 11-12 years longer than their parents. It was also found that more than half (51.9%) of the elderly have the habit of walking regularly every day. It was determined that the elderly mostly consumed vegetables and fruits (88.5%), milk and dairy products and meat, respectively. Conclusion: The elderly stated that natural and healthy nutrition, working and staying away from stress in the top three places as the reason of their long and healthy life. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1838 How to cite this:Sahinoz T, Sahinoz S. Investigation of healthy living strategies in elderly who achieved to live long and healthy. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1838 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The compliance of routine hand hygiene among nurses and midwives at Tra Vinh Hospital of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics in 2020 and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Phương Nam ◽  
Lê Thị Thanh Hương
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Objective: The study described the routine hand hygiene of nurses and midwives at Tra Vinh Hospital of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics in the year 2020 and some associated factors. Method: This was a cross sectional study. Totally, there were 360 chances of hand hygiene to be observed using a checklist. Data was analyzied by SPSS software version 20.0. Chi square test and odd ratios were applied with significant level at 0.05. Results: The prevalence of routine hand hygiene compliance was 33.3% by chances of hand hygiene, and was 30.3% by nurses and midwives. The highest prevalence of compliance was “After contact with patients” (55.5%) and the lowest prevalence was “After contact with blood and fluids”. Some factors associated with the compliance of routine hand hygiene among nurses and midwives were the availability of hand rubs, facilities supporting hand hygiene compliance, workload, rewards and punishments for the compliance of routine hand hygiene. Conclusion: There is a need to retrain routine hand hygiene for nurses and midwives. Supervision of the compliance of routine hand hygiene needs to be conducted, especially for Departments of Obstetrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Surgical Obstetrics.

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