scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in primary schoolchildren in Lokossa, Benin: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Sagbo ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
Aline Bárbara Pereira Costa ◽  
Larissa Loures Mendes ◽  
Nagham Khanafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Height For Age

ABSTRACT Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of stunting and thinness and sociodemographic, household, family, dietary, and scholar associated factors in schoolchildren living in Lokossa-Benin. Methods: a survey conducted in a probabilistic sample (n=615) of primary schoolchildren (8-17 years), from 12/2018 to 01/2019, using structured questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. Thinness and stunting were defined as Height-for-age and Body Mass Index-for-age below-2 standard deviations, respectively. Associations were estimated by chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: thinness and stunting prevalence was 13.1% (95%CI:9.0-18.7) and 25.5% (95%CI:20.6-31.2), respectively. Odds of thinness were higher among older schoolchildren and those who experienced hunger at school. Odds of stunting increased with age, low diet diversity, experiencing hunger at school, and having school meal five days a week (OR:2.09; 95%CI:1.29-3.36). Conclusions: stunting was the most common problem. Older schoolchildren and those with food deprivation or poor diet diversity were the most affected.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS GERIATRIC HEALTH AND THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Mohd Shaiful Ehsan Shalihin ◽  
Nuria Syafira Abd Muttalib ◽  
Nur Syahirah Azmi ◽  
Zahra Najwa Mohd Zin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Medical Learning ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Basic Medical

Comprehensive care towards geriatric health can be sustained by having good knowledge and attitude among the providers. Hence, this research aims to measure the knowledge and attitude of the final year medical students towards geriatric health and determine the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students using structured questionnaires of Geriatric-Attitude-Scale and Palmore-Facts-on-Aging-Quiz was used. Data was analysed using Mann Whitney U test, Chi square test and Spearman correlation coefficient analysis for the association between the score and studied variables. Median score of students’ knowledges is at 14.00 (IQR 13.00) and mean score for attitude is 48.52 (+5.53) respectively. Place of residence (P= 0.01) and presence of grandparents (P= 0.04) were the significant factors that affected knowledge of students towards geriatrics while number of siblings (P= 0.05) influenced attitudes of students towards geriatrics. Improvement of current geriatric curriculum should be done with more refined implementation of gerontology course in the basic medical learning.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the transmission of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among schoolchildren

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Isra Firmansyah ◽  
Sri Alemina Ginting ◽  
Munar Lubis ◽  
Iskandar Z Lubis ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis

Background Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is an importantpublic health problem in Indonesia.Objective To find out factors influencing the transmission of STHin two different communities in North Sumatera, Indonesia.Methods A cross sectional study was done on 96 primary schoolchildren in Suka village (located on a mountain area) and 96 pri-mary school children in Pantai Cermin village (a coastal area). Sub-jects were recruited by simple random sampling. Kato Katz andcentrifuge floatation methods were used for stool and soil exami-nations, respectively. Data were collected by interviewing parentsof children using a questionnaire and were analyzed using chi–square test by SPSS program version 11.0.Results There was no difference in the prevalence of STH in bothvillages (p>0.05). Parents’ knowledge and economic status hadsignificant relationships with the prevalence of STH in Suka vil-lage (p<0.05), but not in Pantai Cermin (p>0.05). In both villages,parents’ education did not have a significant relation with STH,while there were significant relations between STH and hygiene,environment, or soil contamination by worm eggs (p<0.05).Conclusion There were significant relationships between hygiene,environment, or soil contamination and the prevalence of STH inthe two villages.

Assessment of tooth wear and its associated factors in adult patients visiting a dental hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-274
Author(s):  
Rojin Joshi ◽  
S Gautam ◽  
B Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Tooth wear is a universal consequence of aging. It is an irreversible, multifactorial and destructive loss of dental hard tissues caused by either a mechanical or chemical process in the absence of caries or trauma. It can be a physiological and age dependent process. The risk factors that contribute to tooth wear are diet, bruxism, environment, occupation, oral health behaviour, acid regurgitation and use of tobacco. This study was done to find out if there is an association between tooth wear and its associated factors. So that we can educate the patients about the various factors causing tooth wear and minimise it. This cross sectional study was done amongst 339 patients. The clinical assessment of tooth wear was done using tooth wear index developed by Smith & Knight. A specifically designed questionnaire was used to seek information on risk factors of tooth wear. All patients were categorised into one of the following groups: Low Tooth Wear group, Moderate Tooth Wear group, Severe Tooth Wear group based on their individual tooth wear surface scores. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test and descriptive statistics were calculated. We can see that the severity of tooth wear increases with age i.e, p≤0.05 which is statistically significant. Patients with self reported tooth sensitivity (60.5%) had a higher total tooth wear score than those who didn’t (39.5%) and the result was statistically significant. The results of our study show that tooth wear is a consequence of aging and there is an association between tooth wear and dentinal hypersensitivity.

scholarly journals Occurrence of violence in the elderly and its associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Silva Maia ◽  
Efigênia Ferreira e Ferreira ◽  
Elza Machado de Melo ◽  
Andréa Maria Duarte Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Forms Of Violence

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the occurrence of violence in the elderly and its associated factors in the city of Betim, Minas Gerais. Method: cross-sectional study constituted by a population survey conducted through structured interviews. The sample was stratified by clusters and included 178 elderly people at the end. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test and was performed a Correspondence Analysis. Results: The most prevalent forms of violence were: lack of access to social rights (31%), verbal violence (22%), moral/psychological (19%), lack of care (16%), physical violence (6%), sexual (3%) and discrimination (3%). Women suffered more abuse than men and violence had greater association with the degree of depressive symptoms. Conclusion: our research has direct implication for the sectors interested in coping with violence in the elderly, especially for nurses, because it shows violence is part of a cycle with characteristic associated factors that conforms a model nested mainly in the family relationship.

scholarly journals The compliance of routine hand hygiene among nurses and midwives at Tra Vinh Hospital of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics in 2020 and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Phương Nam ◽  
Lê Thị Thanh Hương
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Objective: The study described the routine hand hygiene of nurses and midwives at Tra Vinh Hospital of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics in the year 2020 and some associated factors. Method: This was a cross sectional study. Totally, there were 360 chances of hand hygiene to be observed using a checklist. Data was analyzied by SPSS software version 20.0. Chi square test and odd ratios were applied with significant level at 0.05. Results: The prevalence of routine hand hygiene compliance was 33.3% by chances of hand hygiene, and was 30.3% by nurses and midwives. The highest prevalence of compliance was “After contact with patients” (55.5%) and the lowest prevalence was “After contact with blood and fluids”. Some factors associated with the compliance of routine hand hygiene among nurses and midwives were the availability of hand rubs, facilities supporting hand hygiene compliance, workload, rewards and punishments for the compliance of routine hand hygiene. Conclusion: There is a need to retrain routine hand hygiene for nurses and midwives. Supervision of the compliance of routine hand hygiene needs to be conducted, especially for Departments of Obstetrics, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Surgical Obstetrics.

scholarly journals Insomnia, its Prevalence, Associated Factors and Effects on Old Age: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandana Pokharel ◽  
Bhaskkar Sharma ◽  
Anup Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Athens Insomnia Scale ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction: Insomnia is a common problem among old age population. Almost half of all old age adults report difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of insomnia, its associated factors and effects in old age adults. Methods: This was an observational analytical study where adults above 60 years of age from a ward of a village development committee were included. Data were collected for a period of four months. Insomnia was measured by Athens Insomnia Scale and structured questionnaires were used to assess the effects of insomnia. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequency and percentages. Association between variables was assessed with Chi-square test or Fisher's Exact test as appropriate. Results: There were a total of 55 participants in the study. Insomnia was prevalent in 56.4% (n=31) of the study population. Among the studied socio-demographic variables, presence of medical illness was significantly associated with insomnia. Insomnia was significantly associated with morning headache, irritability, unhappiness, fatigue, lack of concentration, day time sleepiness, avoiding interaction with people, and need of sedative for sleep. Conclusion: Majority of the old age adults suffer from insomnia with night awakenings as the most common symptom. Insomnia significantly affects various aspects of life at an old age.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Children Aged One to Five Years in Siyambalanduwa MOH Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: High prevalence of child undernutrition is a well-known issue in rural areas of Si Lanka. Identification of real burden, underlying specific causes and addressing those issues will help to improve the nutritional status of those children. Objective: To describe the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged one to five years in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 child-mother pairs in Siyambalanduwa MOH area using two stage cluster sampling method. Data collection done by using pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Relevant anthropometric measurements were done according to WHO slandered guidelines. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. The chi-square test was used, and P<0.05 was considered for statistically significant. Results: Overall 41% of children aged 1-5 years were undernourished in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Among the study subjects 24% were underweight, 25.7% were stunted, 16.4% were wasted, 9.2% were both underweight & stunted, 6.8% were both, underweight & wasted, 0.5% were both stunted & wasted and 9.9% were underweight & stunted g & wasted. Only the low total monthly income (P<0.001) and low birth weight (P<0.001) were significantly associated with child undernutrition. Conclusions and recommendations: Prevalence of undernutrition among children aged 1-5 years is unacceptably high and urgent efforts to reduce undernutrition should be a priority. Future studies should focus on assessing how to reduce the burden of undernutrition with low cost interventions.

Dental Erosion and its Associated Factors In 11–16-Year Old School Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kirthiga ◽  
P Poornima ◽  
R Praveen ◽  
B Sakeena ◽  
P Disha
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of School

Dental erosion currently stands as a great challenge for the clinician, regarding the diagnosis, identification of the etiological factors, prevention and execution of an adequate treatment. Aims: To evaluate the prevalence, severity, and associated factors on dental erosion in 11–16-years old. Study design: A cross sectional study was conducted among 2000 school children who were randomly selected. A questionnaire was given to the children that included personal demographic details and habit of consuming acidic foods and drinks. An index specific for dental erosion given by O Sullivan was used to assess every affected tooth. The values were subjected to chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of dental erosion was found to be 1.4%. Females (1.6%) were slightly more affected than males (1.3%). Public school children (2.1%) were found to be affected a little more than private children (0.7%). Chi square test showed significant association between type of school and erosion prevalence (p = 0.015). Most commonly affected teeth were lateral incisor (59.72%). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental erosion was found to be low when compared to various studies done all over the world.

scholarly journals The prevalence of falls and its associated factors among elderly living in old folks home in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Faisal Ghazi ◽  
Maged Elnajeh ◽  
Mohammed A. Abdalqader ◽  
Mohammed Faez Baobaid ◽  
Nur Shazatul Rahimah Rosli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elderly Living

Background: Falls are common among the geriatric population, causing frequent morbidity and mortality. Identifying risk of falls among elderly living in old folks home can help in the care and prevention of falls in this population. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of falls among elderly living in old folks home and its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 50 elderly living in old folks home in Kuala Lumpur was selected by convenient sampling. History of falls revealed by participants, assisted questionnaires that consist of socio-demographic details and prevalence of falls within 6 months period were given. The association between the prevalence of falls and its associated factors were assessed by using chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of falls among the respondents was 30%, but there were no significant association between the socio demographic and prevalence of falls. There were also no associations between activity of daily living, number of comorbidities, number of medication with falls. Conclusions: Falls represent one of the public health problems among elderly living in old folks home in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with 30% prevalence of falls among the respondent. Our findings may assist public health authorities to implement programs of awareness and all prevention among elderly. 

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of balantidiasis in buffaloes of Bhola district, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Biswas ◽  
K. J. Alam ◽  
M. M Riad ◽  
S. M. Hanif ◽  
M. S. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
The Difference

Background: Balantidium coli is an important enteric protozoan disease of livestock. This study has been undertaken to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of balantidiasis of Bhola district, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out from March 2018 to February 2019. A total of 200 buffalo fecal samples were examined through direct smear method. The difference of the prevalence among different variables was evaluated by chi-square test. Results: The overall prevalence of balantidiasis was observed to be 39.0%. Prevalence of B. coli infection was relatively higher in adult buffaloes (44.44%) aged more than 5 years than young (42.65%) aged > 2- ≤ 5 years and buffalo calves (25.49%) aged ≤ 2 years. Higher prevalence of B. coli was observed in female (43.31%) than male (31.51%) buffaloes. Significantly higher prevalence of B. coli infection was observed in rainy season (52.22%) than winter season (20%). Conclusion: Preventive and therapeutic measures against balantidiasis should be undertaken in rainy season.

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