scholarly journals AGROCLIMATIC ZONING OF EUROPEAN AND ASIAN PEAR CULTIVARS WITH POTENTIAL FOR COMMERCIAL PLANTING IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCOS SILVEIRA WREGE ◽  
IVAN DAGOBERTO FAORO ◽  
FLÁVIO GILBERTO HERTER ◽  
CRISTINA PANDOLFO ◽  
IVAN RODRIGUES DE ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Climate Risk ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Commercial Interest ◽  
The World ◽  
Chilling Hours ◽  
Production Problems

ABSTRACT Pear is among the fruits of major commercial interest in the world and one of the most imported in Brazil. Brazilian production is very small and the fruit quality is low, due to production problems. The success of culture in the country, among other factors, may be linked to the choice of cultivars, pollinating and rootstocks better adapted to local conditions, and thus depend on the particulars of an agricultural zoning. The aim of this study was to identify, in southern Brazil, homogeneous climatic zones with potential for growing of European and Asian pears, through climate risk studies. The regions were defined by the seasonal availability of chilling hours (<7.2 °C) accumulated during the period from May to September and the monthly risk of drought. The analysis allowed the recognition of four homogeneous areas for the production of pears in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Geneva® Series Rootstocks for Apple Trees Under Extreme Replanting Conditions in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Rufato ◽  
Pricila Santos da Silva ◽  
Aike Anneliese Kretzschmar ◽  
Amauri Bogo ◽  
Tiago Afonso de Macedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Training System ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
The Third ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Relative Differences

Geneva® rootstocks in Brazil are known to be efficient in controlling vigor, and are precocious and resistant to diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of apple tree cultivars grafted on the Geneva® rootstocks in severe replant disease areas, by planting 60 days after the eradication. The experiments were implemented in 2017, in São Joaquim and Vacaria. The Gala Select and Fuji Suprema cultivars were grafted onto ‘G.202’, ‘G.814’, ‘G.210’, and ‘G.213’ rootstocks in the Tall Spindle training system. In 2018/2019, total thinning was carried out to promote plant growth. In São Joaquim, partial thinning was carried out in 2019/2020 harvest of ‘Gala Select’. The rootstocks were divided into two groups based on vigor, for both areas and cultivars. ‘G.202’ and ‘G.213’ were 40% less vigorous than ‘G.210’ and ‘G.814’. For ‘Gala Select’, the extreme non-fallow condition mainly affected the vigor and productivity of ‘G.213’ in both areas. At the end of two harvests, ‘G.213’ was 17% less productive than ‘G.210’, contrary to what is observed in areas where the fallow period is respected. However, ‘G.213’ confirmed a greater yield efficiency, which was 27% higher than ‘G.210’. This suggests that a perspective of forecasting production for the third crop is higher for ‘G.213’ than for ‘G.210’. In the case of ‘Fuji Suprema’, the G.210 rootstock was the most productive in both areas. In São Joaquim, ‘G.202’ matched ‘G.210’ in productivity and efficiency as it sprouts better in colder regions. Considering the fruit quality, ‘G.213’ anticipated the maturation with fruits of larger size and higher total soluble solids (TSS) in both areas and cultivars, making it possible to anticipate the harvest. It was concluded that the non-fallow condition does not alter the relative differences in vigor and fruit quality among the rootstocks. However, notwithstanding the overall replant tolerance of these rootstocks, it does reduce productivity by mainly affecting less vigorous rootstocks that need about three crops to overcome the allelopathic effects of the soil and start growing normally. The G.210 semi-dwarfing rootstock is an alternative for the immediate conversion of apple orchards of Gala Select and Fuji Suprema cultivars in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF GREEN ROOF ON HEATING AND COOLING IN CONTEXT OF DIFFERENT CLIMATIC ZONES IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 436-440
Author(s):  
Ar. Ankur Bhardwaj ◽  
Dr. Shweta Chaudhary ◽  
Ar.Kirti Varandani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The World ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Rainwater Runoff

The ecological, social and visual commitments that green roofs can make towards sustainable living in more intensified urban centres are generally recognized around the world. Green roof is one such sustainable methodology, utilization of which causes us in insulating the buildings and, subsequently contributing to better energy proficient execution of the same. Green roofs additionally give environment to various species, lessen the rainwater runoff and better deal with the carbon-dioxide cycle. In spite of these advantages, Green roofs are not as basic an element in India as they are in other European and American urban areas. In this paper an attempt has been made to enhance the advantages of this innovation in India. Green roofs systems looks simple in terms of setting up, but actually very complex in maintaining and achieving sustainability. In depth study of green roofs, historic background, climatic zones, impacts of green roofs on heating and cooling, benefits, problems and opportunities is done with the help of data taken from secondary sources like books, magazines and published literature (articles, journals, conference proceedings) form various e-libraries and other online platforms. KEY WORDS: Heating, Cooling, Green Roof, Sustainability)

Ulex europaeus (gorse).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Nick Pasiecznik
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Ulex Europaeus ◽  
The World ◽  
Tall Shrub ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Disturbed Habitats ◽  
Grassland Habitats

Abstract U. europaeus was spread intentionally through most of the world in the 1800s and 1900s as a hedge plant, an ornamental and as a forage, although it is unlikely that it will be distributed to new areas for these purposes in future. It has large seeds and there is a threat from inadvertent introduction, but this is not high. U. europaeus was already declared a noxious weed 100 years ago in Australia and New Zealand, and is now a serious weed in many other countries, and poses a threat elsewhere where it is present but not yet invasive. It is an aggressive colonizer of disturbed habitats, and the risk from continued invasion in suitable climatic zones in countries where present is high. It is a tough, spiny, long-lived, tall shrub with a long-lived seed bank and is difficult to control. Thickets displace vegetation in grassland habitats, and outgrow and supplant tree seedlings in plantation forests. Heavy infestations modify soil and hydrological conditions, and so modify ecosystem processes. This plant poses a serious fire risk for indigenous ecosystems as well as managed habitats and human habitations.

Ethical dialogues for New Times

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Hamston
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Australian Society ◽  
Dialogic Pedagogy ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
The World ◽  
Curriculum Project ◽  
Global And Local

Abstract Changing global and local conditions have given rise to complex issues of identity. Within such conditions, the challenge for educators is to help students to develop a language with which to describe the new and dynamic cultural identities and relationships constitutive of what Hall (1996a, p.223) describes as ‘New Times’. Students need opportunities to encounter and to negotiate ways of shaping the world through language that are more representative of ‘New Ethnicities’ (Hall, 1996a, p. 481) that characterize Australian society in the context of dynamic global networks. A dialogic pedagogy can provide opportunities for students to engage in an ethically reflexive dialectic with the various discourses of ethnicity available for appropriation in Australian society. A study of the language exchanged by a group of Grade 5 students within the context of a Studies of Asia curriculum project highlights such struggle between different discourses of ethnicity.

scholarly journals Evolution of the grapevine bud dormancy under different thermal regimes

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3419
Author(s):  
Rafael Anzanello
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Thermal Regimes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Chilling Hours ◽  
Winter Chilling

Fluctuations in winter chilling availability impact bud dormancy and budburst. This study aimed to quantify the thermal requirements during dormancy for ‘Italia’ grape, under different thermal regimes. Cuttings of grapevines ‘Itália’ were collected in Veranópolis-RS, on April/2017, with zero chilling hours (CH). The cuttings were exposed to constant (7.2°C) or alternating (7.2 and 18°C for 12/12h, 12/12h or 18/6h) temperatures, or yet, a constant temperature (7.2°C) or alternating (7.2 and 18°C for 12/12h), combined with one or two days a week at 25°C. Periodically, part of the cuttings was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation. The induction of the endodormancy (dormancy induced by cold) occurred with 200 CH, independent of the thermal regime, and the overcoming with 300 HF, at 7.2°C. The alternating heat of 18°C in the middle of the cold did not affect the process of overcoming endodormancy. Heat waves during endodormancy resulted in an increased CH to overcome the bud dormancy. The negative effect of high temperature depended on the exposure time. Chilling was partly cancelled during dormancy when the heat wave lasted 36 continuous hours or more. These evidences serve as basis for new model adjustments for budburst prediction, especially for regions with mild and irregular winters, such as those of Southern Brazil.

scholarly journals RESISTANCE TO AMOXICILLIN, CLARITHROMYCIN AND CIPROFLOXACIN OF Helicobacter pylori ISOLATED FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL PATIENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Ulrich Picoli ◽  
Luiz Edmundo Mazzoleni ◽  
Heriberto Fernández ◽  
Laura Renata De Bona ◽  
Erli Neuhauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
British Society ◽  
World Population ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
First Line ◽  
The World ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria which infects half the world population and is an important cause of gastric cancer. The eradication therapy is not always effective because resistance to antimicrobials may occur. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility profile of H. pylori to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the population of Southern Brazil. Material and methods: Fifty four samples of H. pylori were evaluated. The antibiotics susceptibility was determined according to the guidelines of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and the Comité de l'Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie. Results: Six (11.1%) H. pylori isolates were resistant to clarithromycin, one (1.9%) to amoxicillin and three (5.5%) to ciprofloxacin. These indices of resistance are considered satisfactory and show that all of these antibiotics can be used in the empirical therapy. Conclusion: The antibiotics amoxicillin and clarithromycin are still a good option for first line anti-H. pylori treatment in the population of Southern Brazil.

Preliminary results of bowl trapping bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in a southern Brazil forest fragment

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo B. Gonçalves ◽  
Priscila S. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Color

In recent years bowl traps have gained attention as a useful method for sampling bees and are now commonly used across the world for this purpose. However, specific questions about the method itself have not yet been tested on different regions of the globe. We present the preliminary results of bowl trapping in a Semidecidual Seasonal forest fragment in southern Brazil, including the test of two different color bowls, two different habitats, and the interaction of these variables in bee species number and composition. We used blue and yellow bowls in the border and in the core trails of the forest fragment. In five sampling days between October to December bowl traps captured 745 specimens of 37 morphospecies, with Halictinae bees being the richest and most abundant group. Non parametrical statistical analyses suggested that different colors of bowl traps influenced bee richness and composition and thus, they should be used together for a more complete sampling. Different trails influenced only the composition, while the interaction with different colors did not have a significant effect. These results, as well as the higher taxonomic composition of the inventoried bees, are similar to other studies reported in the literature.

The significance of parasitic infections in terms of clinical disease: a personal view

Parasitology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 94 (S1) ◽  
pp. S159-S179 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
World Health ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Tropics

Throughout the world, infection with parasites is extremely common. Prevalence is highest in the warm countries of the tropics and subtropics, but infection occurs in all climatic zones. The figures usually quoted for the prevalence of specific parasites attain values akin to those used to describe astronomical distances. The World Health Organization (1985) estimated that some 2582 million of the earth's inhabitants live in areas where they risk contracting malaria and that many – in Africa south of the Sahara alone probably 200 million – remain chronically and persistently infected. Estimates for other parasites are similarly impressive; 600 million at risk of infection with schistosomiasis, with some 200 million actually infected; 900 million exposed to lymphatic filarial parasites, with some 90 million currently infected; for onchocerciasis, probably some 40 million cases spread throughout Africa, Central and South America and the Eastern mediterranean. Yet, impressive as these estimates may be, they are dwarfed by those for some intestinal helminths. Recent assessments suggest that 1 person in 4 of the world's population carries Ascaris lumbricoides (Schultz, 1982), while the same proportion is believed to be infected with one or other of the hookworms (Gilman, 1982).

Artisanal fishing and the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) in Southern Brazil: ethnoecology from the fishing practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilah Antunes Zappes ◽  
Renata Montalvão Gama ◽  
Camila Domit ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Novo Gatts ◽  
Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Pontoporia Blainvillei ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to describe the ethnoecology of the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) using the traditional knowledge of artisanal fishermen in the villages of Peças Island (VPI) and Superagui Island (VSI) in the World Heritage listed Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Brazil. Between March and September 2012, 90 fishermen were interviewed (VPI – 40; VSI – 50) using a semi-structured questionnaire. Using Fuzzy logic (MATLAB 7.6) it was verified the species is easily recognized by body size, colour and occurrence area (VPI – 87.5%; VSI – 38.0%). Fishermen most frequently identified adults and young franciscanas in groups of two to five individuals (VPI – 40.0%; VSI – 58.0%). Adults were sighted throughout the year, while the young were restricted to summer and winter. Five common behavioural ethno categories were described: ‘eat’ (VPI – N = 15; VSI – N = 1); ‘float/sink/dive’ (VPI – N = 34; VSI – N = 12); ‘breathe’ (VPI – N = 11; VSI – N = 5); ‘mothers surrounding the shoal, play caught up and the youth captures’ (suggesting care parental related with feeding of infant) (VPI – N = 1; VSI – N = 2); and ‘to play’ (VPI – N = 6; VSI – N = 1). The information from the fishermen highlights the use of the area by franciscana for feeding and reproduction and these data are comparable with the literature. These results extend the knowledge about the species in an area of ecological interest and the traditional knowledge, but also illustrate the benefits of engaging fishermen to promote collaboration in scientific and management processes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the city of Porto Alegre, in Southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Linden Junior ◽  
Jefferson Becker ◽  
Pedro Schestatsky ◽  
Francisco Tellechea Rotta ◽  
Carlo Domenico Marrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Regional Association ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Objective : To determine the prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Method : We conducted an extensive investigation in clinics and hospitals that provide specialized assistance to these patients, contacted neurologists and the regional association of people with ALS. Results : On July 31, 2010, 70 patients were alive and diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Considering the population living in the city in the same period (1,409,351), the estimated prevalence was 5.0 cases per 100,000 people (95% CI, 3.9-6.2), being higher for men (5.2/100,000 95% CI, 3.6-7.2) than for women (4.8/100,000 95% CI, 3.4-6.5). The prevalence increased with age peaking in the age group 70-79 years in both genders. Conclusion : The prevalence of ALS in the city of Porto Alegre is similar to that reported in other parts of the world.

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