scholarly journals Breakfast patterns and their association with body mass index in Brazilian adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Troncoso Baltar ◽  
Diana Barbosa Cunha ◽  
Roberta de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽  
Rosely Sichieri
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Usual Intake ◽  
Positive Loading ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

The objective was to investigate the relationships between body mass index (BMI), skipping breakfast, and breakfast patterns in Brazilian adults. We analyzed data of 21,003 individuals aged between 20 to 59 from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey 2008-2009. Breakfast was defined as the eating occasion between 5 and 10a.m. with the highest usual food consumption (exceeding 50Kcal/209.2kJ). Dietary patterns were derived by the factor analysis of 18 food groups (usual intake). Controlling for confounders linear regressions of BMI were used to verify the associations considering the survey design. Skipping breakfast was not associated with BMI. Three breakfast patterns were observed (48% variability): Brazilian Northern (positive loading for meats, preparations with corn, eggs, tubers/roots/potatoes, dairy products, savory snacks/crackers, fruit juices/fruit drinks/soy-based drinks); Western (positive for fruit juices/fruit drinks/soy-based drinks, sandwiches/pizza, baked/deep-fried snacks, chocolate/desserts, cakes/cookies) and Brazilian Southeastern (cold cut meat, milk, cheese, coffee/tea, bread). The Brazilian Southeastern pattern was inversely associated with BMI, while the Brazilian Northern pattern was directly associated with it. Therefore, the results suggest a role for breakfast quality in the association with BMI. Thus, a Brazilian Southeastern breakfast usual intake may be inversely associated with BMI.

scholarly journals The Association of Having a Late Dinner or Bedtime Snack and Skipping Breakfast with Overweight in Japanese Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Okada ◽  
Hironori Imano ◽  
Isao Muraki ◽  
Keiko Yamada ◽  
Hiroyasu Iso
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Late Evening ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Background. We aimed to assess the association of habitually eating in the late evening and skipping breakfast with the prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methods. A total of 19,687 Japanese women, aged 40–74 years, were asked about their height, weight, and habitual eating behaviors such as having a late dinner and a bedtime snack and skipping breakfast, using a self-administered questionnaire. We defined overweight/obesity as body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2. Results. Among the participants, 11% regularly had a late dinner, 22% had bedtime snacks, and 8% skipped breakfast. After adjusting for age, exercise, smoking, sleep duration, and employment, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of skipping breakfast were 2.47 (2.18–2.81) for having a late dinner and 1.71 (1.53–1.91) for having a bedtime snack. These eating behaviors were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity: the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of obesity/overweight were 1.43 (1.27–1.62) for having a late dinner, 1.47 (1.34–1.62) for having a bedtime snack, and 1.23 (1.06–1.42) for skipping breakfast. Conclusions. Japanese women who consumed late dinners or bedtime snacks were more likely to skip breakfast. Having a late dinner or bedtime snack was associated with a higher probability of overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Measure Resilience in Nutrition: Application to Diets and Body Mass Index of Rural Women in Nepal and Bangladesh (FS01-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Zaharia ◽  
William Masters ◽  
Shibani Ghosh ◽  
Katherine Heneveld ◽  
Lichen Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Mean Reversion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Diet Recall

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to demonstrate feasibility of a novel method for measuring resilience in dietary diversity (DD) and body mass index (BMI) of rural women of reproductive age (WRA) in Nepal and Bangladesh. Resilience is defined as the population's ability to recover from adverse shocks, measured relative to statistical mean reversion. Methods We used regionally representative surveys from Nepal (n = 2187) and Bangladesh (n = 1715) collected annually in Nepal (four panels, 2013–2016) and every 6 months in Bangladesh (3 panels, 2016–2017), for BMI (kg/m2) and DD using 10 food groups (7-day qualitative diet recall, Nepal) and 6 food groups (24-hour diet recall, Bangladesh). We estimated where i is the woman, y is the outcome of interest, and z is a vector of controls. ∆yi, t+j denotes change in y between t + j-1 and t + j. Declinedi,t+1 equals 1 if the change between t and t + 1 is negative, zero otherwise. β2 measures the degree of reversal in decline controlling for mean reversion (β1) and other differences (age, age2, age cube, and socioeconomic status). β2 = 0 is our benchmark of mean reversion around the trend, i.e., recoveries after decline are not significantly different from declines after recovery. Results Our technique revealed significant (P < 0.01) resilience of DD in Nepal (Figure 1, Panel A). Among 1682 women in the Terai region, 47% (n = 784) experienced an initial decline in DD, and 61% of that initial decline was recovered. Mean reversion removed only 25% of the initial change among those who gained. We found no significant resilience in Bangladesh (Figure 1, Panel B) or for BMI in either country. Conclusions The resilience of DD in Nepal could reflect food aid responses to the 2015 earthquake or other interventions, while lack of resilience in BMI could reflect time lags, measurement errors or limits on the speed and timing of weight change. Lack of resilience of DD in Bangladesh could reflect shorter time intervals. Future work will apply this method to test for differences in resilience associated with exposure to programmatic interventions. Funding Sources Support provided by Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Measure Resilience in Nutrition: Application to Diets and Body Mass Index of Rural Women in Nepal and Bangladesh (FS01-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Zaharia ◽  
William Masters ◽  
Shibani Ghosh ◽  
Katherine Heneveld ◽  
Lichen Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Mean Reversion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Diet Recall

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to demonstrate feasibility of a novel method for measuring resilience in dietary diversity (DD) and body mass index (BMI) of rural women of reproductive age (WRA) in Nepal and Bangladesh. Resilience is defined as the population's ability to recover from adverse shocks, measured relative to statistical mean reversion. Methods We used regionally representative surveys from Nepal (n = 2187) and Bangladesh (n = 1715) collected annually in Nepal (four panels, 2013–2016) and every 6 months in Bangladesh (3 panels, 2016–2017), for BMI (kg/m2) and DD using 10 food groups (7-day qualitative diet recall, Nepal) and 6 food groups (24-hour diet recall, Bangladesh). We estimated where i is the woman, y is the outcome of interest, and z is a vector of controls. ∆yi, t+j denotes change in y between t + j-1 and t + j. Declinedi,t+1 equals 1 if the change between t and t + 1 is negative, zero otherwise. β2 measures the degree of reversal in decline controlling for mean reversion (β1) and other differences (age, age2, age cube, and socioeconomic status). β2 = 0 is our benchmark of mean reversion around the trend, i.e., recoveries after decline are not significantly different from declines after recovery. Results Our technique revealed significant (P < 0.01) resilience of DD in Nepal (Figure 1, Panel A). Among 1682 women in the Terai region, 47% (n = 784) experienced an initial decline in DD, and 61% of that initial decline was recovered. Mean reversion removed only 25% of the initial change among those who gained. We found no significant resilience in Bangladesh (Figure 1, Panel B) or for BMI in either country. Conclusions The resilience of DD in Nepal could reflect food aid responses to the 2015 earthquake or other interventions, while lack of resilience in BMI could reflect time lags, measurement errors or limits on the speed and timing of weight change. Lack of resilience of DD in Bangladesh could reflect shorter time intervals. Future work will apply this method to test for differences in resilience associated with exposure to programmatic interventions. Funding Sources Support provided by Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Associations between body mass index and food groups in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy C. Howarth ◽  
Suzanne P. Murphy ◽  
Lynne R. Wilkens ◽  
Laurence N. Kolonel
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

scholarly journals Change in the Food Pattern and Its Effects on the Nutritional Status of the Indigenous Population Migrant Puruha (P04-045-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Socrates Pozo ◽  
Janet Gordillo ◽  
Gisella Sanclemente ◽  
Lilia Toral ◽  
Walter Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effects on the nutritional status of the migrant Puruhá indigenous by changing their food pattern. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study on the dietary habits and nutritional status. By means of convenience sampling, 230 indigenous persons were selected, 108 male and 122 female, with age over 18 years. The nutritional status was calculated using the body mass index (BMI), according to the classification of the World Health Organization. With a SECA 216 mechanical stadiometer, the height of the participant. The weight was measured on a SECA scale with an accuracy of 0.1 Kg. To determine abdominal obesity, its presence was considered if the waist circumference was greater than 90 cm in men and greater than 80 cm in women, according to the International Diabetes Federation. For the determination of food consumption, the frequency of consumption form was applied by food groups. For the statistical analysis, the data were tabulated and expressed in absolute frequencies, percentages and measures of descriptive statistics of central tendency and dispersion. The Chi square statistic was used, to determine the difference of data, with a level of significance of 5%, it was considered as statistically significant if the p value was <0.05. The results were exposed in tables and graphs using the Microsoft office excel program of Windows 10. Results The average age of the population was 46.85 + 23.99. The average body mass index was 25.56 + 3.10, and the distribution of the nutritional status was: 1% for underweight, 47% overweight, 16% obesity and 36% normal. This distribution according to gender , did not have a significant difference. The first three food groups of the population, consumes per day, and of the which obtain the highest caloric intake, were: sugary drinks and soda (male sex 350 + 7 ml; female sex 322 + 8 ml), bread and cereal ( male sex 285 + 3 g; female sex 220 + 7 g), and fruits and vegetables ( male sex 210 + 6 g; female sex 195 + 5 g).A higher percentage of overweight and obesity was found in indigenous migrants, in relation to non-migrants, a difference that was significant (p:0.003). Conclusions The population has a high frequency of overweight and obesity. In addition, the high incidence of abdominal obesity, found places them at risk for the development of diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular. Funding Sources Not applicable. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Dietary diversities score and anthropometric characteristics in Iranian elementary school children

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Jafari ◽  
Anahita Izadi ◽  
Paniz Dehghan ◽  
Sayed Yousef Mojtahedi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Elementary Student ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Dietary diversity scoring is a good method to assess quality of individual's diet. The study aimed to investigate the association between dietary diversity and body mass index among elementary school students in the south of Tehran, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on elementary school students, age range of 7-12 years old, in 2015. Data were collected using a personal information questionnaire and three 24-h recall questionnaires. Dietary diversity score was calculated from the number of food groups in these questionnaires. A total of 536 students, 258 (48.1%) female and 278 (51.9%) male, were recruited in the study. The mean age of the students was 9.43 ± 1.73 years. Seafood consumption was more frequent and beans was lower frequent in students at higher BMI (≥95th percentile) than the other children (34% vs 25% and 71% vs 83%, respectively, p<0.05). However, the statistical analysis failed to find significant relationships between children’s body mass index (BMI) with consumption of diary, vegetable, fruits, protein, fat, and junk food intake. The association between children's BMI with seafood and beans consumption confirmed in multivariate analysis (OR= 1.50 and 0.52, respectively, p<0.05). The study finding showed that seafood and beans consumption may influence on elementary student BMI.

Diet quality is associated with disability and symptom severity in multiple sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn C. Fitzgerald ◽  
Tuula Tyry ◽  
Amber Salter ◽  
Stacey S. Cofield ◽  
Gary Cutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Proportional Odds

ObjectiveTo assess the association between diet quality and intake of specific foods with disability and symptom severity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsIn 2015, participants in the North American Research Committee on MS (NARCOMS) Registry completed a dietary screener questionnaire that estimates intake of fruits, vegetables and legumes, whole grains, added sugars, and red/processed meats. We constructed an overall diet quality score for each individual based on these food groups; higher scores denoted a healthier diet. We assessed the association between diet quality and disability status as measured using Patient-Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) and symptom severity using proportional odds models, adjusting for age, sex, income, body mass index, smoking status, and disease duration. We assessed whether a composite healthy lifestyle measure, a healthier diet, healthy weight (body mass index <25), routine physical activity, and abstinence from smoking was associated with symptom severity.ResultsOf the 7,639 (68%) responders, 6,989 reported physician-diagnosed MS and provided dietary information. Participants with diet quality scores in the highest quintile had lower levels of disability (PDDS; proportional odds ratio [OR] for Q5 vs Q1 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69–0.93) and lower depression scores (proportional OR for Q5 vs Q1 0.82; 95% CI 0.70–0.97). Individuals reporting a composite healthy lifestyle had lower odds of reporting severe fatigue (0.69; 95% CI 0.59–0.81), depression (0.53; 95% CI 0.43–0.66), pain (0.56; 95% CI 0.48–0.67), or cognitive impairment (0.67; 95% CI 0.55–0.79).ConclusionsOur large cross-sectional survey suggests a healthy diet and a composite healthy lifestyle are associated with lesser disability and symptom burden in MS.

scholarly journals Body mass index, prudent diet score and social class across three generations: evidence from the Hertfordshire Intergenerational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000178
Author(s):  
Sarah Carter ◽  
Camille Parsons ◽  
Kate Ward ◽  
Michael Clynes ◽  
Elaine M Dennison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Intergenerational Study ◽  
Class B ◽  
Child Bmi ◽  
Prudent Diet ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Linear Regressions

BackgroundStudies describing body mass index (BMI) and prudent diet score have reported that they are associated between parents and children. The Hertfordshire Intergenerational Study, which contains BMI, diet and social class information across three generations, provides an opportunity to consider the influence of grandparental and parental BMI and prudent diet score across multiple generations, and the influence of grandparental and parental social class on child BMI.MethodsLinear regressions examining the tracking of adult BMI and prudent diet score across three generations (grandparent (F0), parent (F1) and child (F2)) were run from parent to child and from grandparent to grandchild. Linear mixed models investigated the influence of F0 and F1 BMI or prudent diet score on F2 BMI and prudent diet score. Linear regressions were run to determine whether social class and prudent diet score of parents and grandparents influenced the BMI of children and grandchildren.ResultsBMI was significantly associated across each generational pair and from F0 to F1 in multilevel models. Prudent diet score was significantly positively associated between grandparents and grandchildren. Lower grandparental and parental social class had a significantly positive association with F2 BMI (F0 low social class: b=1.188 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.060 to 2.315, p=0.039; F1 middle social class: b=2.477 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.726 to 4.227, p=0.006).ConclusionAdult BMI tracks across generations of the Hertfordshire Intergenerational Study, and child BMI is associated with parental and grandparental social class. The results presented here add to literature supporting behavioural and social factors in the transmission of BMI across generations.

The association between lunch composition and obesity in Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Zahra Akbarzade ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
Nasim Saeidifard ◽  
Shabnam Aliakbari Majd ◽  
Nazila Garousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

Abstract We aimed to assess the dietary composition of lunch meal using a posteriori derived dietary patterns and to determine the association of lunch composition with obesity in a sample of Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women in Tehran (aged 20-59 y). Dietary intakes were assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were identified via principal component factor analysis. For each identified pattern, scores were calculated for each participant and then classified into tertiles. Central obesity was defined WHO criteria. General obesity was defined as a body mass index of more than 30 kg/m2. Three major dietary patterns were identified at lunch meal using 12 food groups: “Bread, grains and fat”, “Western”, and “Potato and eggs”. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants at the top tertile of the “Bread, grains and fat” dietary pattern had greater odds for a higher waist to hip ratio, compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.07). However, we found no association between ‘Western or ‘“potato and eggs” patterns and waist to hip ratio (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.28 and OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.42, respectively). None of the identified dietary patterns was associated when defining obesity with waist circumference or body mass index. In conclusion, participants had a greater chance of central obesity defined based on waist to hip ratio following a lunchtime pattern with a higher and positive loading factor for “Bread, grains and fat”.

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