The association between lunch composition and obesity in Iranian adults

Abstract We aimed to assess the dietary composition of lunch meal using a posteriori derived dietary patterns and to determine the association of lunch composition with obesity in a sample of Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women in Tehran (aged 20-59 y). Dietary intakes were assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were identified via principal component factor analysis. For each identified pattern, scores were calculated for each participant and then classified into tertiles. Central obesity was defined WHO criteria. General obesity was defined as a body mass index of more than 30 kg/m2. Three major dietary patterns were identified at lunch meal using 12 food groups: “Bread, grains and fat”, “Western”, and “Potato and eggs”. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants at the top tertile of the “Bread, grains and fat” dietary pattern had greater odds for a higher waist to hip ratio, compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.07). However, we found no association between ‘Western or ‘“potato and eggs” patterns and waist to hip ratio (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.28 and OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.42, respectively). None of the identified dietary patterns was associated when defining obesity with waist circumference or body mass index. In conclusion, participants had a greater chance of central obesity defined based on waist to hip ratio following a lunchtime pattern with a higher and positive loading factor for “Bread, grains and fat”.

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Dietary patterns are associated with general and central obesity in elderly living in a Brazilian city

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.60.05.014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 457-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Priscila Lucelia Moreira ◽

Jose Eduardo Corrente ◽

Paulo Jose Fortes Villas Boas ◽

Ana Lucia Anjos Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio

Objective: dietary pattern evaluation is often used in order to determine wheter a diet is healthy, as well as to predict the onset of diseases. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns, and to examine their associations with general (body mass index) and central (waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio) obesity in community-living elderly in a Brazilian city. Methods: this cross-sectional study included 126 elderly subjects aged 60 or older (57.1% females and mean age 74.2 ± 6.46 years). Anthropometric variables, weight, height, waist (WC) and hip (HC) circumferences, were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Answers to a Food Frequency Questionnaire were interpreted by Principal Component Analysis in order to identify dietary patterns. Results: five dietary patterns were identified and named as prudent (fruit, vegetables and meat), sweets and fats (pastries, sugary foods, fatty foods, whole milk), typical Brazilian (fried eggs, cooked beans, beef, candy, string beans, fried cassava), Mediterranean (fruit, vegetables, olive oil and nuts) and traditional meal (rice and beans). Moderate and high adherences to the Mediterranean pattern were protective factors to general and central obesity (WHR). High adherence to prudent was also protective to central obesity (WC). Conclusion: adherences to the dietary patterns prudent and Mediterranean were protective factors to general and central obesity in elderly.

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Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011001030 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1939-1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Jessica A Grieger ◽

Jane Scott ◽

Lynne Cobiac

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Principal Component ◽

Positive Association ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

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Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of alcoholic beverage

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2004680 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Esther Lukasiewicz ◽

Louise I Mennen ◽

Sandrine Bertrais ◽

Nathalie Arnault ◽

Paul Preziosi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Body Mass ◽

Alcoholic Beverage ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio ◽

Dietary Records ◽

Total Alcohol

AbstractObjectiveAlcohol consumption may play a role in the development of obesity but the relationship between alcohol and weight is still unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the cross-sectional association of intakes of total alcohol and of specific alcoholic beverages (wine, beer and spirits) with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) in a large sample of adults from all over France.DesignCross-sectional.SettingParticipants were free-living healthy volunteers of the SU.VI.MAX study (an intervention study on the effects of antioxidant supplementation on chronic diseases).SubjectsFor 1481 women aged 35–60 years and 1210 men aged 45–60 years, intakes of total alcohol and specific alcoholic beverages were assessed by six 24-hour dietary records. BMI and WHR were measured during a clinical examination the year after.ResultsA J-shaped relationship was found between total alcohol consumption and WHR in both sexes and between total alcohol consumption and BMI in men only (P < 0.05). The same relationships were observed with wine (P < 0.05); men and women consuming less than 100 g day−1 had a lower BMI (men only) and WHR than non-drinkers or those consuming more. Spirits consumption was positively associated with BMI (linear regression coefficient β = 0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09–0.34 and β = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06–0.39 for men and women, respectively) and WHR (β = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.001–0.005 and β = 0.003, 95%CI: 0.0002–0.006) in both sexes in a linear fashion. No relationship between beer consumption and BMI or WHR was found.ConclusionIf confirmed in longitudinal studies, our results indicate that consumption of alcoholic beverages may be a risk factor for obesity.

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Dietary patterns in India and their association with obesity and central obesity

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000312 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 3031-3041 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ambika Satija ◽

Frank B Hu ◽

Liza Bowen ◽

Ankalmadugu V Bharathi ◽

Mario Vaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Animal Food ◽

Food Pattern ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Migration Study ◽

Urban Migrant

AbstractObjectiveObesity is a growing problem in India, the dietary determinants of which have been studied using an ‘individual food/nutrient’ approach. Examining dietary patterns may provide more coherent findings, but few studies in developing countries have adopted this approach. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns in an Indian population and assess their relationship with anthropometric risk factors.DesignFFQ data from the cross-sectional sib-pair Indian Migration Study (IMS; n 7067) were used to identify dietary patterns using principal component analysis. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine associations with obesity and central obesity.SettingThe IMS was conducted at four factory locations across India: Lucknow, Nagpur, Hyderabad and Bangalore.SubjectsThe participants were rural-to-urban migrant and urban non-migrant factory workers, their rural and urban resident siblings, and their co-resident spouses.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: ‘cereals–savoury foods’ (cooked grains, rice/rice-based dishes, snacks, condiments, soups, nuts), ‘fruit–veg–sweets–snacks’ (Western cereals, vegetables, fruit, fruit juices, cooked milk products, snacks, sugars, sweets) and ‘animal-food’ (red meat, poultry, fish/seafood, eggs). In adjusted analysis, positive graded associations were found between the ‘animal-food’ pattern and both anthropometric risk factors. Moderate intake of the ‘cereals–savoury foods’ pattern was associated with reduced odds of obesity and central obesity.ConclusionsDistinct dietary patterns were identified in a large Indian sample, which were different from those identified in previous literature. A clear ‘plant food-based/animal food-based pattern’ dichotomy emerged, with the latter being associated with higher odds of anthropometric risk factors. Longitudinal studies are needed to further clarify this relationship in India.

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Interaction of the CMTM7 rs347134 Polymorphism with Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Obesity in Han Chinese Male Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17051515 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 1515 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qi Zhu ◽

Kun Xue ◽

Hong Wei Guo ◽

Fei Fei Deng ◽

Yu Huan Yang

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Han Chinese ◽

Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Genome Wide ◽

A Genome ◽

Chinese Male

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Han Chinese population had found that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the CMTM7 gene rs347134 was significantly associated with Body Mass Index (BMI). In the present study, the association of the rs347134 SNP with obesity and its interaction with dietary patterns (DPs) were explored in Han Chinese children. This cross-sectional study group included 1292 children, in whom obesity-related indicators were evaluated, the rs347134 SNP was genotyped by improved Multiple Ligase Detection Reaction (iMLDR), and the DPs were identified by principal component factor analysis. The GG genotype exhibited higher odds of general overweight/obesity (P = 0.038) and central obesity (P = 0.039) than AA + GA genotypes in boys. Four DPs of boys were identified: healthy balanced (HBDP), nuts and sweets-based (NSDP), animal food-based (AFDP), and wheaten and dairy-based (WDDP). Boys with the GG genotype were significantly more inclined to AFDP (P = 0.028) and had a shorter sleep duration (P = 0.031). Significant interactions were observed; boys with the GG genotype displayed a higher LDL in AFDP (P = 0.031) and higher FBG in NSDP (P = 0.038), respectively. Our findings indicate for the first time that the GG genotype of CMTM7 rs347134 is potentially a novel obesity risk factor for Han Chinese male children and is associated with dietary patterns more or less.

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Dietary diversities score and anthropometric characteristics in Iranian elementary school children

European Journal of Translational Myology ◽

10.4081/ejtm.2019.8339 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mohsen Jafari ◽

Anahita Izadi ◽

Paniz Dehghan ◽

Sayed Yousef Mojtahedi

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Elementary School ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Personal Information ◽

Elementary Student ◽

Food Groups ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional

Dietary diversity scoring is a good method to assess quality of individual's diet. The study aimed to investigate the association between dietary diversity and body mass index among elementary school students in the south of Tehran, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on elementary school students, age range of 7-12 years old, in 2015. Data were collected using a personal information questionnaire and three 24-h recall questionnaires. Dietary diversity score was calculated from the number of food groups in these questionnaires. A total of 536 students, 258 (48.1%) female and 278 (51.9%) male, were recruited in the study. The mean age of the students was 9.43 ± 1.73 years. Seafood consumption was more frequent and beans was lower frequent in students at higher BMI (≥95th percentile) than the other children (34% vs 25% and 71% vs 83%, respectively, p<0.05). However, the statistical analysis failed to find significant relationships between children’s body mass index (BMI) with consumption of diary, vegetable, fruits, protein, fat, and junk food intake. The association between children's BMI with seafood and beans consumption confirmed in multivariate analysis (OR= 1.50 and 0.52, respectively, p<0.05). The study finding showed that seafood and beans consumption may influence on elementary student BMI.

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Waist-To-Hip Ratio Predicts Abnormal Overnight Oximetry in Men Independent of Body Mass Index

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.789860 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua M. Bock ◽

Kirk J. Rodysill ◽

Andrew D. Calvin ◽

Soumya Vungarala ◽

Karine R. Sahakyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Strong Association ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Overnight Oximetry ◽

Abnormal Results

Background: Ambulatory overnight oximetry (OXI) has emerged as a cost-effective initial test for sleep disordered breathing. Obesity is closely associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, whether body mass index (BMI) or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) predicts abnormal overnight OXI remains unknown.Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 393 men seen in the Executive Health Program at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota who underwent ambulatory overnight OXI ordered by preventive medicine physicians between January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2010. We compared participant/spouse-reported symptoms (sleepiness, snoring), physician indications for OXI (obesity, fatigue), Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores, anthropomorphic measurements (WHR, BMI), and comorbid medical conditions (hypertension, diabetes) with OXI results.Results: 295 of the 393 men who completed OXI had abnormal results. During multivariate analysis, the strongest independent predictor of abnormal OXI for men was WHR (≥1.0, OR = 5.59) followed by BMI (≥30.0 kg/m2, OR = 2.75), age (≥55 yrs, OR = 2.06), and the presence of snoring (OR = 1.91, P < 0.05 for all). A strong association was observed between WHR and abnormal OXI in obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2, OR = 6.28) and non-obese (BMI < 29.9 kg/m2, OR = 6.42, P < 0.01 for both) men. Furthermore, 88 men with abnormal OXI underwent polysomnography with 91% being subsequently diagnosed with OSA.Conclusions: In ambulatory, predominantly middle-aged men undergoing preventive services evaluation many physician indications for OXI were not predictors of abnormal results; however, WHR strongly predicted abnormal OXI in obese and non-obese men. As such, we suggest middle-aged men who snore and have a WHR ≥1.0 should be directly referred to a sleep clinic for polysomnography.

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Dietary patterns among girls aged 16–18 years old according to their body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio

Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna ◽

10.15557/pimr.2018.0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 78-87

Author(s):

Agnieszka Dmitruk ◽

◽

Izabela Kunicka ◽

Helena Popławska ◽

Wojciech Hołub ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio

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FIBER AND FAT INTAKE, SMOKING HABITS, BODY MASS INDEX AND CENTRAL OBESITY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH LIPID PROFILE OF MAN IN GATOT SUBROTO HOSPITAL HEART POLYCLINIC

Media Gizi Indonesia ◽

10.20473/mgi.v15i3.205-213 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Kevinti Febrina ◽

Adhila Fayasari

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Smoking Habits ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test

An increase in blood lipid profi le escalates risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is the leading cause of death in the world. This study was intended to analyze the relationship between fat intake, fi ber intake, smoking habits, Body Mass Index (BMI) and central obesity and lipid profi le among patients in cardiology clinic. This study used cross sectional design with 60 subjects aged >29 years who were outpatients in the Cardiaology Polyclinic at Gatot Soebroto Hospital. Central obesity was measured using metline by measurung waist circumference; BMI was converted from measurements of body weight and height; characteristics and smoking habits were taken using a questionnaire; and food intake was measured using Semi Quantitative FFQ. Lipid profi le data was collected through secondary data. Bivariate data analysis on categorical data used chi-square, Fisher-exact test or spearman ordinal correlation and stratifi cation analysis using ANOVA or kruskall-wallis. There were 78.3% subjects who had abnormal LDL, 76.7% had abnormal HDL, 80% had abnormal triglycerides and 78.3% had abnormal cholesterol. There were signifi ant relationship between fat intake, smoking habits, BMI and central obesity to the lipid profi le (LDL, HDL, triglycerides and cholesterol) (p <0.05). Fiber intake was not signifi cantly related to lipid profi le. However, based on stratifi cation analysis,the more fi ber intake the lower levels of LDL profi les, triglycerides and cholesterol, and the higher levels of HDL.

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The Association of Food Insecurity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors May Be Independent of Body Mass Index

10.21203/rs.3.rs-929668/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maral Hashemzadeh ◽

Maryam Teymouri ◽

Mohammad Fararouei ◽

Reza Barati-Boldaji ◽

Masoumeh Akhlaghi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sex Education ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Investigations on food insecurity have shown that food insecurity is negatively associated with health. We examined the association of food insecurity, cardiometabolic risk factors, and dietary patterns in women. Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed on 190 females referred to primary health care centers in Shiraz, Iran. Food insecurity was assessed by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, and serum glucose and lipids were measured. Diet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: Cardiometabolic risk factors increased across food insecurity levels (P<0.001 to 0.009). Two healthy and 1 unhealthy dietary patterns were extracted. Food insecure participants consumed less meats, dairy, fruit, and vegetables but more processed meats (P<0.001). Intake of fat, cholesterol, and sodium increased and that of fiber, vitamins A and C, folic acid, potassium, and calcium decreased along with increasing food insecurity. Food secure individuals had better eating habits than food insecure participants. Cardiometabolic risk factors except triglycerides had inverse associations with heathy and positive associations with unhealthy dietary patterns (P<0.05). The associations between food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of age, sex, education level, and body mass index (BMI).Conclusions: Overall, food insecurity was associated with increased cardiometabolic risk and less healthier dietary patterns. The association between food insecurity and cardiometabolic risk was independent of demographic factors and BMI, suggesting that other factors such as diet and eating habits may have contributed to the exacerbated cardiometabolic risk factors in food insecure individuals.

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