scholarly journals Plant population and row spacing on biomass sorghum yield performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre May ◽  
Vander Fillipe de Souza ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
Pedro Gonçalves Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Biomass Sorghum ◽  
Seed Propagation

ABSTRACT: Biomass sorghum is one of the most promising crops for the production of electricity through the burning in high-pressure boilers, due to its high calorific value, high yield, seed propagation, short cycle, and to the possibility of full mechanization of its agricultural processes. However, there is still a lack of information about its cultural practices. To this end, this research aimed to evaluate the influence of row spacing and plant population on the yield performance of biomass sorghum. The experimental design was a randomized block, in factorial scheme of 4 x 4, with four row spacings (0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1m), and four plant populations (80,000; 100,000; 120,000 and 140,000 plants ha-1), with three replications. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of tillers per plant, fresh weight per plant and biomass. Total biomass yield was greatly influenced by the row spacing, showing a sharp reduction when row spacing increased, in the two years of study, changing from 180.27 to 114.42t ha-1 in the 2012/13 crop year, and from 146.50 to 102.56t ha-1 in the 2013/14 crop year, for 0.5 and 1.1m between rows, respectively. The lowest yields observed in the second year of the study were due to unfavorable weather conditions in the period.

scholarly journals Spacing between rows: effects on water-use efficiency of double-cropped wheat and soybean

2013 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. Zhou ◽  
Y. H. Chen ◽  
Z. Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYProductivity and water resource usage efficiency are crucial issues in sustainable agriculture. The aims of the present research were to compare and evaluate the soil moisture content (SMC), evapotranspiration (ETa), yield, water-use efficiency (WUE), and net return of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under different plant population distribution patterns and to identify the possible ways to improve water utilization. Using the same plant population for a given crop, the experiments consisted of four spacings between rows (row spacings) for winter wheat (cvar Shannong 919) under both rainfed and irrigated conditions and five row spacings for summer soybean (cvar Ludou 4) under rainfed conditions. For winter wheat, the stem number with row spacing of 49 cm was the lowest in all treatments. The SMC was enhanced by irrigation, particularly at the 10–40 cm depth. The yield and WUE were negatively correlated with row spacing and were greater with narrower row spacing than with wider rows. For soybean, SMC in uniform distribution (spacing between plants) treatments was greater at lower depths than at shallower depths for each row spacing treatment. A high yield, WUE and net return of winter wheat and soybean can be achieved with narrower row spacing. Combining winter wheat row spacing of 14 cm with soybean row spacing of 18 cm and soybean row spacing of 27 cm is a highly suitable planting system for the plains of Northern China.

Narrow row cotton in the Namoi valley. 2. Plant population and row spacing

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (84) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Constable
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Commercial Cultivar ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Narrow Row

Field experiments in three seasons examined the effects of plant population and row spacing on the yield of two cotton cultivars. For the early maturing cultivar, Riverina Poplar, 36 cm rows yielded 18 per cent more than 100 cm rows with no additional benefit being obtained from 18 cm rows. The medium maturing commercial cultivar, Deltapine 16, had the same average yield at all row spacings. The effect of plant population on yield was significant in all row spacings, with populations above 40 plants m-2 in 18 cm rows, above 30 plants m-2 in 36 cm rows, and above 13 plants m-2 in 100 cm rows yielding less. In all experiments, narrow rows and high plant populations had smaller bolls, more barren plants and smaller plants than wide rows and low plant populations. At low yield levels, Riverina Poplar in narrow rows was superior to wide rows and to Deltapine 16 in any row spacing. At high yield levels, Deltapine 16 was superior, particularly in wide rows

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

INFLUENCE OF METHODS FOR SELECTION OF PLANTS AND WAYS OF SEEDING ON EFFICIENCY OF ORIGINAL SEEDS OF FLAX-DOLGUNETS GRROWING IN PRIMARY SEED BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Selection Of

The results of scientific research are presented, which made it possible to develop less labor-intensive methods for selecting flax plants to grow original (updated) seeds. Studies have shown that a positive selection of tall plants of flax, compared with the accepted counterpart (control), increased seed yield 1.7-1.9 times. Moreover, plant homogeneity according to the main characteristics (height and fiber content in the stem) characterizing the varietal quality of grown seeds turned out to be at the control level. A negative selection, involving the removal of atypical plants, provided an increase in the output volume of seeds compared to the control by 3.9-4.1 times. This selection method did not reduce the varietal quality of seed material compared to the accepted analogue. With both selection methods, after combining typical plants, seeds with the same high germination rates were obtained (96-99 %). The breeding efficiency of the grown flax seeds using narrow-row sowing methods is shown. Studies have established that narrow-row sowing of seeds with a row-spacing of 7.5 and 6.25 cm compared with sowing by a wide-row method significantly increased their yield by 2.8-3.0 and 2.3-3.0 kg / ha, respectively. The greatest influence on the formation of seed yield in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) was exerted by the method of sowing, the part of which was 76.1 %. As the length of seed propagation of flax in creased (up to the uterine elite 2 years) in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) compared to broad-row, there was no decrease in quality indicators - germination and seed strength.

scholarly journals Performance of Strawberry Varieties Developed for Perennial Matted-Row Production in Annual Plasticulture in a Cold Climate Region

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Courtney A. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
High Yields

Annual plasticulture production of strawberries promises superior weed control, fruit quality and yields. However, strawberry varieties adapted for perennial, matted-row production and local markets in cold climate regions have not been widely tested for adaptation to an annual production cycle. Productivity of seven short-day varieties developed for matted-row and/or annual production was examined in an annual plasticulture system in two consecutive trials in central NY (lat. 42.87° N, long. 76.99° W) harvested in 2013 and 2014. ‘Flavorfest’ demonstrated good performance in Trial 1 with high yield (390 g/plant) and large fruit size (13.9 g mean berry weight). ‘Jewel’ was shown to be well adapted to the annual plasticulture system with consistently high yields (330 and 390 g/plant) that equaled or surpassed other varieties and had moderate fruit size. ‘Chandler’ performed similarly to previous trials conducted in warmer regions with yield (340 g/plant) and fruit size (9.8 g mean berry weight) similar to ‘Jewel’. ‘Clancy’ yielded less but was consistent from year to year. The late season varieties Seneca and Ovation showed marked variability between years, possibly due to drastically different temperatures during flowering and fruit development in Trial 1 compared to Trial 2. High temperatures in Trial 1 likely caused higher early fruit yield, a compressed season and a precipitous decline in fruit size in the later season, thus reducing yield in the late season. Survival after a second dormant period was poor resulting in a small second harvest and reduced fruit size. Overall, the system demonstrated many of the expected benefits but may be more sensitive to weather conditions in the region. While many varieties developed for matted-row production may work well in an annual plasticulture system, not all varieties are equally adapted. Performance of each variety should be determined independently before large scale adoption by growers.

Simultaneous selection for high yield and stability in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. MEKBIB
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Stability Statistics ◽  
Selection Of

Phenotypic yield stability is a trait of special interest for plant breeders and farmers. This value can be quantified if genotypes are evaluated in different environments. Common bean is the main cash crop and protein source of farmers in many lowland and mid-altitude areas of Ethiopia. An experiment was undertaken to evaluate common bean genotypes for yield performance at Alemaya, Bako and Nazreth in Ethiopia for 3 years. The yield performance of genotypes was subjected to stability analysis and yield-stability statistics were generated to aid the selection of genotypes that were high yielding and very stable. The significant genotype by environment interaction indicated that the relative performance of the varieties altered in the different environments. Genotype yield performance varied ranging from 1511–2216 kg/ha. Simultaneous selection for yield and yield-stability statistics using YS(i) statistics indicated that A 410, GLP x92, Mx-2500-19, G 2816, A-195, 997-CH-1173, Diacol calima, ICA 15541 and AND 635 were both high yielding and stable. Following this study, using farmers’ evaluation and other criteria, GLP x92 and G-2816 were identified as preferred genotypes and were released for further production.

scholarly journals ​Best Linear Unbiased Prediction with Additive Main and Multiplicative Interaction for Stability Analysis of Barley Genotypes Evaluated in Coordinated Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Verma ◽  
R.P.S. Verma ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
L. Kumar ◽  
G.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Average ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Multiplicative Interaction ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Unbiased Prediction

Background: Additive main and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis had been exploited for multi environment trials for most of the crops. Usage of the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), along with AMMI tools, of the genotypes would improve the estimation of interaction effects. Methods: AMMI based measures of adaptability have been enriched with the incorporation of BLUP of genotypes by new Superiority index that allowed variable weights for stability and yield of genotypes. Result: Stability measure weighted average of absolute scores (WAASB) based on all significant interaction principal components ranked suitability of KB1754, RD3000, NDB1445 genotypes. Superiority index while weighting 0.65 and 0.35 for mean yield and stability arranged DWRB201, NDB1445, RD2552 as of stable high yield performance of barley genotypes. Corrected measure Modified AMMI Stability Value (MASV1) found RD2552, DWRB201, KB1762 and Modified AMMI Stability Value (MASV) ranked DWRB201, RD2552, KB1762. ASTAB measure achieved the desirable lower values for DWRB201 DWRB207, HUB268 genotypes. Biplot graphical analysis based on 60.7% of variation of the stability measures observed MASV1, ASTAB (AMMI based stability parameter), EV(Averages of the squared eigenvector values), SIPC (Sums of the absolute value of the IPC scores), Za (Absolute value of the relative contribution of IPCs to the interaction), W3, WAASB and MASV had been clubbed together. For the second year lower value of WAASB measure had observed for RD3016, KB1815 HUB273. Ranking of genotypes as per Superiority index found RD3017, RD2907, HUB274 as of stable high yield performance. Genotypes RD3017, RD2907 and NDB1173 pointed out by MASV1 while RD3017, RD2907, NDB1173 identified by MASV as the genotypes of choice. RD3017 NDB1173, RD2907 genotypes were selected as per values of ASTAB measure. Total of 71.8% of variation of the considered measures in biplot analysis expressed larger cluster comprised of AMMI based measures and a separate cluster of Superiority indexes as per mean, Geometric Adaptability Index (GAI) and HMGV also observed.

scholarly journals Between-row spacing and local accession on the yield and quality of garlic

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal-Ali Olfati ◽  
Mohammad-Bagher Mahdieh-Najafabadi ◽  
Mohammad Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Garlic is primarily grown for its cloves used mostly as a food flavoring condiment. Previous studies carried out on plant density indicate its direct influence on yield. Plant density depends on the genotype, environmental factors, cultural practices, etc. This study was established to determine the effects of different between-row spacing on growth, yield, and quality of four local accession of garlic. It was laid out on two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during two years. Four local accession of garlic (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz and Hamedan) were culture in three between-rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) during two years. The results of two cultivated years were different. Plant density changed when garlic cultured with different between row spacing. In present research plant yield increased when the lower between row spacing and high plant density were used but the yield improvement occurring at increased plant stand is offset by the reduction in bulb size and some quality indices such as total phenol and antioxidant which severely affects quality and market value, when garlic is produced for fresh market.

scholarly journals Promising varieties of spring glumaceous oat of the mowing and grain-mowing directions, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Elena Vologzhanina ◽  
Galina Batalova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The results of the study of 12 varieties and promising lines of glumaceous oat in the competitive variety testing of the FASC of the North-East (Kirov region) in the period from 2018 to 2020 are presented. The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity, ecological plasticity and stability of the genotypes of glumaceous oat for feed and universal use in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The dependences of grain yield and dry matter harvesting on the state of agro-climatic resources (HTC), temperature and precipitation are established. The contrasting weather conditions during the years of research allowed to conduct the most complete assessment of the studied genotypes. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a high yield of green mass of oat were formed in 2020 (Ij=3.76), grain - in 2019 (Ij=1.35). The average degree of positive dependence of green mass yield on the height of oat plants was revealed (r=0.51). The variety of the high-intensity type of the universal direction Medved, promising lines of the mowing direction (178h13 and 245h14) are distinguished.

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