scholarly journals Clinical, hematological and histopathological aspects of experimental induction of laminitis in cattle through lipopolysaccharide infusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Amaral Barbosa ◽  
Maria Carolina Narval de Araújo ◽  
Andressa Stein Maffi ◽  
Joao Alveiro Alvarado Rincón ◽  
Margarida Buss Raffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Experimental Induction ◽  
Confinement System

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to confirm the changes occurring in the foot system of the heifers challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), at the clinical, serum and histological levels. We studied 16 clinically healthy heifers, 14 months of age, placed in a confinement system. All the animals were provided with an accelerometer collar to establish their activity. They were categorized into two groups: the LPS group (n=8), or those which were administered two intravenous applications of 2 mL containing 0.5 μg/kg of body weight of LPS, with a 24-hour interval and the Control group (n=8) which were given two infusions of 2 mL of saline solution in the same time interval. General clinical examination and blood collection were done at 0, 4 and 8 hours post the LPS challenges and analyses of the hemograms and paroxonese-1 were performed. The animals were then slaughtered on day 4 and the laminar tissue was collected for histological analysis. The LPS group revealed a lower total leukocyte count with heart rate and greater activity. None of the animals revealed any abnormal signs symptomatic of foot pathology after histological analysis. Hence, the challenge with LPS failed to induce any clinical and histological changes in the foot tissue compatible with laminitis.

scholarly journals Morphological alterations in the heart and aorta of rats treated with glucocorticoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
R. Dantas ◽  
K. Souza ◽  
D. Santos ◽  
V. Feitosa ◽  
E. Fioretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the heart and aorta of rats treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 08 control rats undergoing treatment with a 0.9% saline solution for 10 days and 08 rats treated for 10 days with dexamethasone (2mg/kg animal weight). Results: Histological analysis detected a mild cardiac hypertrophy and 15% reduction of collagen located in the aorta of animals treated with glucocorticoid when compared to the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment with dexamethasone for a period of 10 consecutive days is able to promote morphological changes in the structure of the heart chamber and, impair morphological structure of aorta.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ZINC ELEMENT AND DEXAMETHASONE ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL BIOCHEMICAL TESTS IN RABBITS MALE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Short Time

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc in dose 15mg/kg.bw daily  taken by the mouth and dexamethasone 4mgIkg.Bw by injection for 30days on some hematological biochemical tests and some histological changes of liver spleen in male rabbits. Thirty rabbits were used that divided into 3 randomized groups (each group contain 10 male rabbits ). Control group was taken normal food and water, Zinc group that gave zinc at dose of 15mg/kg.BW/daily/oral on 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. Dexamethasone with zinc group : Employ dexamethasone 4mg/Kg.Bw . I.M dialy for 1 and 2 weeks for experiment and at  3, 4th weeks they gave zn 15mg/lKg.Bw day/orally. Blood samples were taken from the heart directly in 2 and 4weeks to examine packed cell volume (pcv), white blood cells (WBCs), Red blood cells (RBCs) with differential Leuckcyte count.separation blood collection to plasma and examine glucose mg/dl , cholesterol mg/dl. In histological tests, rabbits were killed and separate their organs tissue from the body to examine liver and spleen. The results revealed  a decrease in level of RBCs, pcv after treatment with zinc 15, mg/Kg.Bw orally (zinc group) and increase in WBCs with differential leuckocyte count specially neutrophil cell, while biochemical tests show increase in glucose and cholesterol levels after treatment with dexamethasone 4mglkgBw. I/M seen increase in counts of RBCs , PCV, WBCs and differential lenkocyte count and decrease in glucose with cholesterol parameters, histological changes show change in liver after treatment by dexamethasone 4mglKg.Bw ,spleen tissue seen necrosis and pigmentation with hemorrhage after take dexamethasone 4mglkg in (dexamethasone + zinc group). Results also showed that zinc enhanced the immune system in at normal dose for limited time  because of its effect on other mineral such as copper and causes anemia , while the dexamethasone is a drug used for antianflammatory but for a short time.                                                                                                                           

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium (Geranium macrorrhizum L.) extract

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jurkštienė ◽  
Anatolijus Kondrotas ◽  
Egidijus Kėvelaitis
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cell Counts

The aim of the study was to investigate the immunostimulatory properties of bigroot geranium. Material and methods. Possible nonspecific characteristics of bigroot geranium were evaluated by the total leukocyte count in the peripheral blood, and qualitative changes of blood were assessed using Shilling’s formula by evaluating changes in lymphocyte counts. In addition, we also studied changes in the counts of Tcell precursors in the thymus and B lymphocytes in the spleen. Ethanol extract of the leaves of bigroot geranium was produced at the Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology. Studies were performed on mice Bl 57 (n=21). The control group (n=7) received distilled water at a dose of 1 mL/day. The second and third groups received 1% and 10% extract of bigroot geranium, respectively, as a food supplement. Changes in cell counts were investigated after 4 weeks following the initiation of the trial. Results. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium (1 mL/day) (mice group, n=7), leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased to 6.1×109 cells/L, and lymphocyte count – to 70%, but changes were not statistically significant. The other case group of mice (n=7) received 10% extract of bigroot geranium for 4 weeks at a dose of 1 mL/day. In this group, leukocyte count in the peripheral blood increased statistically significantly from 4.4×109 cells/L to 7.2×109 cells/L (p<0.01), and lymphocyte percentage – from 52% to 80% (p<0.001), as compared to control. Thymocyte (T lymphocytes) counts in thymus and splenocyte (B lymphocytes) counts in the spleen showed a tendency to increase after the administration of 1% and 10% extracts. After a 4-week administration of 1% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte and splenocyte counts increased from 0.342×106 cells to 0.372×106 cells per mg of tissue and from 0.395×106 cells to 0.405×106 cells per mg of tissue, respectively, as compared to control group (p>0.1). After the administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, thymocyte count increased to 0.488×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01), and splenocyte count – to 0.504×106 cells per mg of tissue (p<0.01). Conclusion. The extracts of the leaves of bigroot geranium increased leukocyte count and lymphocyte percentage in the peripheral blood, and after a 4-week administration of 10% extract of bigroot geranium, a statistically significant increase in the counts of T lymphocytes (in the thymus) and B lymphocytes (in the spleen) was observed. The immunostimulatory effect depends on the dose of the extract.

Prevalence of uterine infection in relation to certain haematological and biochemical changes of blood serum in dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sarkar ◽  
K. Ray ◽  
U. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uterine Infection ◽  
Causative Agents

In the present study, blood samples of 79 cows with different uterine infections (pyometra, endometritis, cervicitis and abortion) and 41 normal cows of non-descripts and crossbreds were collected to study the prevalence of uterine infection in relation to haematological as well as biochemical changes in blood serum. In uterine infections, major infection remained endometritis which was recorded as highest (34.16%) followed by pyometra (18.33%), cervicitis (10.00%) and abortion (3.33%). Haematological study revealed a significant decrease in haemoglobin and total erythrocyte count while a significant increase in total leukocyte count in animals with uterine infection as compared to the control group. Biochemical study revealed that there was a severe decrease in serum glucose and serum cholesterol level in uterine infected cows in comparison to healthy cows. It was concluded that infection in the body, nature of the causative agents, and resistance of animal and localization of inflammatory response might be possible causes of lower biochemical parameters and haematological parameters except total leukocyte count in uterine infected cows.

scholarly journals The Effect of Experimentally Induced Vitamin E and Selenium Deficiency on Erythrocytes Osmotic Fragility and Phagocytosis in Pregnant Awassi Ewes and Their Newborn Lamb

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
A. M. H. Judi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Newborn Lamb ◽  
Experimental Induction ◽  
Study Results

Experimental induction of vitamin E and selenium deficiency using deficient diet was carried out on fourteen pregnant Awassi ewes and their newborn lambs to study the effect of the deficiency on erythrocytes osmotic fragility and phagocytosis. From the fourteen deficient ewes, seven were vaccinated with Rev I vaccine and seven ewes as control group, and their newborn lambs were used in the study. Results were showed increased in the concentration of saline solution in start and complete erythrocyte hemolysis in deficient lambs (0.52 ± 0.01 and 0.54 ± 0.01) and (0.42 ± 0.01 and 0.44 ± 0.00) respectively and in deficient ewes (0.53 ± 0.01 and 0.54 ± 0.01) and (0.43 ± 0.01 and 0.44 ± 0.00) respectively. Results showed a low phagocytic index in deficient lambs (9.40 ± 0.87 and 10.60 ± 1.16) and in deficient ewes (12.14 ± 0.85 and 12.42 ± 0.75) compared to phagocytic index in control lambs (43.85±0.91) and in control ewes (43.14 ±0.91).

scholarly journals Comparative pathological changes in sheep infected with Theileria annulata and non-infected control

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
W. AKHTER ◽  
A. ASLAM ◽  
M. U. REHMAN ◽  
H. U. REHMAN ◽  
I. RASHID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

The hematological, serum biochemical and histopathological variations were compared in sheep naturally infected with Theileria annulata and healthy control group. Peripheral blood smears of 300 suspected sheep were observed for the presence of Theileria by microscopy (24%) and confirmed through PCR (34%). The PCR confirmed samples were used for further studies and showed significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte counts, total leukocyte count, serum total proteins, creatinine and glucose (P < 0.05) as compared to healthy control. Similarly a significant increase was recorded in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P< 0.05) as compared to non-infected sheep. Histopathological changes revealed edema and severe depletion of lymphocytes in lymph nodes. The present study concluded that ovine theileriosis was linked with some pathological alterations in blood and tissues which could be helpful in the diagnosis of disease.

scholarly journals Screening for Toxic and Haematological Effect of Ethanol Extract of Azadirachta Indica in Wistar Rats Using Some Serum Enzymes as Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
K.K. Igwe ◽  
I.E. Otuokere ◽  
O. V. Ikpeazu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Serum Enzymes ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Treatment Groups

The leaves of Azadirachta indica plant was screened for haematological, toxic and serum enzyme activities in rats. Twenty rats were used and were grouped into 4 of 5 rats each. Group 1 was the negative control group administered distilled water. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were the treatment groups received 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the A. indica extract respectively. The rats were dosed for 14 days, thereafter were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture for analysis. The effect of A. indica extract was checked on haematological parameters and serum enzymes activities. All results in treatment groups were compared with the normal control at statistical confidence of 95% (p<0.05). There was progressive reduction of haematological parameters as the dose of the extract increased from 200, 400, to 800 mg/kg body weight. Haematological parameters, PCV, RBC, Haemoglobin showed decrease value which was not statistically significant at (p<0.05). Total leukocyte count, showed progressively elevation by the extract though not statistically significant. Differential leukocyte count indicated very mild lymphocytosis neutropeania, monocytopeania and eosinopeania which were not statistically significant. Clinical biochemical parameters, A. indica extract demonstrated normal levels of the serum enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) though there was slight decrease in a dose dependent fashion.Total protein was within normal range. The normal MCV, MCH and MCHC values suggests normocytic normochromic anaemic condition. The extract of A. indica is safe to blood cells, liver and kidney marker enzymes at dose < 800 mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals Responses of Fluvalinate Induced Stress in Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Lake van Fish (Alburnus tarichi guldenstadt 1814)

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-533
Author(s):  
Necati Ozok
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lake Van ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

This research was conducted to determine the toxicity of fluvalinate to Lake Van fish (Alburnus tarichi) biometric, hematologic, and serum biochemicals. The fish were exposed to sub lethal fluvalinate concentration for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h for hematological and biochemical analyzes. Red blood cell, hemoglobin and hematocrit values decreased significantly in fish exposed to fluvalinate compared to control group. Significant increases in total leukocyte count were found. Compared with the control group, the serum enzyme aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase activity and serum glucose levels have increased significantly. This synthetic pyrethroid can be said to have a toxic effect on the Lake Van fish and can be used for controlling toxicity.

Low Molecular Weight Heparin Novo (LHN-1) Does Not Cross the Placenta During the Second Trimester of Pregnancy

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (01) ◽  
pp. 055-056 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Omri ◽  
J F Delaloye ◽  
H Andersen ◽  
F Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Drug Of Choice

SummaryUnfractionated heparin (UF-H) has been the drug of choice for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders during pregnancy. Low molecular weight heparin (LMW-H) preparations may present some advantages over UF-H. They have longer half-lives and a better bioavailability after subcutaneous (s. c.) injection and may cause less bleeding. It has not yet been established whether LMW-H Novo (LHN-1) crosses the placenta. 17 women admitted for abortion during the second trimester of pregnancy (induced by application of prostaglandine PGE2 gel at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml into the cervix) were given s. c. 35 anti-Xa units per kg of body weight of LHN-1 (Novo). 10 patients not receiving LHN- 1 and their fetuses served as a control group. 7 women in whom the time interval between injection of LHN-1 and expulsion of the fetus was less than 3 h or more than 7 h were excluded from further study. In one fetus blood collection failed. Anti-Xa and anti-IIa levels increased approximately ten-fold in women receiving LHN-1 [anti-Xa units/ml from 0.02 ± 0.01 (mean ± SD) to 0.17 ± 0.01, p <0.001; anti-IIa units/ml from less than 0.01 ± 0.01 to 0.07 ± 0.03], but remained below the detection limit in their fetuses as well as in the women and fetuses of the control group.We conclude that LHN-1 at these doses does not cross the placenta during the second trimester of pregnancy to suggest that LHN-1 may be a safe alternative to heparin in the management of the thromboembolic complications during pregnancy.

Drug-Abuse and Control Populations Differentiated by a Laboratory Profile

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Lewis W Mayron ◽  
Ervin Kaplan ◽  
Stearly Alling ◽  
Jack Becktel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract By multivariate analysis of nine laboratory variables, a discriminant function value has been derived that differentiated between a group of 106 drug abusers and a group of 100 normal controls. The variables were serum phosphorus, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and hematocrit, total leukocyte count, polymorphonuclear leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, and monocyte count. The data demonstrate that the two populations can be distinguished with 4% error in the control group and 14% error in the drug-abuse group. In addition, the individual variables for each group were compared by the t-test. The following were significantly different: serum calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, albumin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, polymorphonuclear leukocyte count, stab cell count, and eosinophil count.

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