scholarly journals Analysis of the agricultural productivity of the sugarcane crop in regions of new agricultural expansions of sugarcane

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Bernardo ◽  
Wagner Luiz Lourenzani ◽  
Eduardo Guilherme Satolo ◽  
Marcellus Marques Caldas
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Technological Adaptation ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Agricultural Performance ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
Slow Rhythm

Abstract The launching of biofuel vehicles in 2003 led to ethanol demand increase and a new phase of expansion of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil. Although the increase in area of production and the quantity of sugarcane produced have been very important to Brazilian agribusiness, the recent agricultural productivity rate has slowed. In this context, this article analyzed the factors that influence the growth rate of sugarcane productivity in the regions of new agricultural expansions, specifically in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Goias. For the collection and data analysis, we used bibliographical and documentary research. The shift-share method was used to analyze the evolution of sugarcane production, through the decomposition of this variable into two factors: area effect and productivity effect. The results show that the increase in production in the region under analysis was mainly due to the incorporation of new planting areas and not to an increase in productivity. In addition, structural factors have negatively impacted crop performance. The analysis indicates that there is a slow rhythm of sugarcane fields’ renovation and the adoption of old varieties. Although the mechanization index is high in the studied regions, difficulties of technological adaptation still provide deficiency in the agricultural performance of sugarcane.

scholarly journals Quantitative and qualitative analysis of sugarcane productivity in function of air temperature and water stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Adão Wagner Pêgo Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Accumulation Point ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity

Climate variables can influence the both productivity and quality of the commercial product of sugarcane crop. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of thermal time, negative degree-days and water deficit on productivity and industrial quality of sugarcane for the Goiás Brazilian Savanna region. The data of productivity and industrial quality were obtained in the field (Plant Centro Álcool®) and climate data in the weather station. Thermal time and the accumulation of negative degree-days in cycles showed significant correlations with the yield. The highest (340 mm) and the lowest (158 mm) accumulated water deficit blade not reflected in lower productivity and greater, respectively. Relative evapotranspiration (rET) was equal at 1.0 in more than 50% of the studied period, in which not were found significant correlations between the rET<1 with the productivity and industrial quality. We found significant correlations between rates of degree-days and negative degree-days with productivity rates; however, there was a low correlation between the water deficit rates and productivity. The total recoverable sugars rates and total soluble solids showed maximum accumulation point only in function of degree-day rates. We conclude that the thermal time has greater influence on yield decrease of sugarcane with different harvest cycles, significantly contributing to the accumulation of sugars in the stem.

scholarly journals Forms of Unfree Labour in Brazil: Dealing with Racism and Racialisation in Amazonian Agriculture

HISTOREIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Harnoncourt
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Migrant Labourer

Unlike many other countries, the Brazilian state has created institutions and actions against unfree labour. In addition, unfree labour is a topic that appears in popular media as well as in scientific research. Poverty is generally attributed as the only factor making people vulnerable to the promises of labour recruiters, while the intersection between class and race is denied. In this article, which takes the Brazilian example, racism is seen as a structural element of unfree labour. Two factors play a big role in this intersection: first, structural racism and, second, racism as a theory of legitimation. As regards the first, imagined races influence one’s chances of having a good education as well as lead to segregation in the job and housing markets, etc. Black people in Brazil are more likely to be poor and have lower chances of upward mobility. As these structures are also mirrored in unfree labour formation, most of unfree labourers in Brazil are black, even though skin colour does not constitute a factor for labour recruiters or estate owners in choosing labourers. As regards the second, when poor people are racialised, they are ascribed specific characteristics. These mostly legitimise their subordinated position as well as their poverty. In Brazil, it could be argued that the category of the peão de trecho (migrant labourer) has been racialised. This group of subaltern labourers are seen as totally irrational people who do not possess the ability to plan their future, but who could be, with the correct guidance, potentially good labourers. Therefore, the exploitation of the peões de trecho is attributed to their characteristic traits and not to labour relations. Additionally, structural factors – as, for example, the lack of access to basic resources – are negated, making poverty a problem of merit and not of chances. Using the example of unfree labour in Brazilian agriculture, this article presents racism and racialisation as factors structuring the labour market as a whole.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Productivity Simulation Under Different Scenarios by DSSAT/CANEGRO Model in the Western São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Angela Madalena Marchizelli Godinho ◽  
Asdrubal Jesus Farias-Ramírez ◽  
Maria Alejandra Moreno-Pizani ◽  
Tadeu Alcides Marques ◽  
Franklin Javier Paredes-Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
D Values

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the most important crops in Brazil and its growth and development can be simulated through process-based models. The current study evaluated a model based on the decision support system for the transfer of Agrotechnology DSSAT/CANEGRO to simulate the sugarcane crop productivity in the western region of S&atilde;o Paulo. The DSSAT/CANEGRO model was calibrated using published yield parameters from a selection of five Brazilian sugarcane cultivars, while sugarcane yield data (tons of stems per hectare) from commercial land were used as benchmark data. Other modeling inputs were derived from the primary regional cultivar. The root mean square error (RMSE), Willmott agreement index (d), and mean absolute error (MAE) were used as performance metrics. The DSSAT/CANEGRO model resulted in a good RMSE performance. The productivity estimates were better for the cultivars SP791010 and RB835486, with RMSE equal to 2.27 and 4.48 Mg ha-1, respectively. The comparison between model-based estimates and observed data produced d values in the range from 0.86 to 0.99, and MAE values in the range of 1.84 to 4.22 Mg ha-1.

scholarly journals SUGARCANE PRODUCTIVITY ESTIMATION THROUGH PROCESSING HYPERSPECTRAL SIGNATURES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W12-2020 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
C. E. Espinosa ◽  
S. Velásquez ◽  
F. L. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Hyperspectral Signatures ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity

Abstract. This project uses an artificial neural network to calculate the net primary productivity of an organic sugarcane crop in Hatico’s farm, in Cerrito, Valle del Cauca. The pilot scheme used in this project is composed by 6 treatments of nitrogen fertilization based on green manures (poultry manure and cowpea). During the last two crops’ phenological phases, the artificial neural network was provided with hyperspectral data collected in the field. In addition, an exploratory data study was implemented in order to identify anomalous signs related to the light saturation and the curvature geometry. The first network applied was Autoencoder, in order to reduce the dimensionality of the radiometric resolution of the data. The second network applied was Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), to calculate the productivity values of the patches. After having compared the actual productivity values provided by Cenicaña, this project obtained an accuracy of 91.23% in the productivity predictions.

scholarly journals Nutritional management of cotton culture in Cerrado's soils from Mato Grosso

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
F. Mrojinski ◽  
C. C. Santos ◽  
N. S. D. Corioletti ◽  
V. L. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
National Production ◽  
High Yields

The cotton crop dating to 8,000 BC began with the Arabs who rudely spin and weave cotton fiber. Through the commercial deepening between Europe and the East the cotton culture gained its space in the European continent, in the middle of the seventeenth century predominated wool and over the years reached the other continents. In Brazil since the time of colonization, cotton cultivation is exploited for commercial purposes. The state of Mato Grosso leads the national production of cotton, since the economy of the same and of Brazil depend on this segment of the agribusiness that represents 15% of the national economy. In order for the cotton to reach high yields, it is necessary to have adequate nutritional management together with good practices of soil correction, since the crop is very demanding in relation to these two factors. However, it presents a certain singularity that stands out in the world scenario, because it is a fibrous and oleaginous culture, in other words, that originates products and by-products through its raw material, allowing an attractive differential that serves as an increase in income for producers who carry out this activity. In the cerrado, its cultivation serves as a viable alternative to promote the practice of rotating crops in previously cultivated areas with soybeans and corn, providing improvements in the biological quality of the soil, diversifying cropping systems making them more sustainable both by adding value to the product regarding the management of cotton. The crop is quite responsive to the fertilization and the conditions that the Cerrado provides for it, and it needs nutritional sources in several stages of its development. The objective of this study was to discuss the type of nutritional management that is used in the cotton crop under Cerrado conditions.

scholarly journals Molecular polymorphism in SSR loci of the RB92579 variety: perspectives for use in sugarcane improvement and industrial sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 729-738
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Desordi ◽  
Claudete Aparecida Mangolin ◽  
Gustavo Barizon Maranho ◽  
Rone Charles Maranho ◽  
Maria de Fátima Pires da Silva Machado
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
South Central ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence

The sugarcane variety RB92579 has excellent agricultural productivity, very low flowering, efficient water use, and a high content of sucrose. Despite its excellent agricultural productivity, the RB92579 has not been used as a direct parent in sugarcane improvement. The main goal of the present study was to investigate polymorphisms at the SSR and EST-SSR loci of the RB92579 sugarcane variety to evaluate its potential for breeding and generating new varieties and to guide better use by the industrial sector. A total of 92 samples of the RB92579 variety were collected from plants in the fourth cutting stage grown in two Brazilian states: Paraná (PR; South region) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS; South-Central region). Four primers for DNA simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and eight primers for expressed sequence tags for simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR) were used for DNA amplification. The polymorphism occurrence in the 12 SSR loci was 28% in the PR and MS populations, with a total of 25 alleles and an average of 2.08 alleles/loci. High values for mean observed heterozygosity, a high value for genetic identity and a low level of population differentiation was found in samples from the PR and MS states. The number of polymorphisms in the EST-SSR and noncoding SSR loci as well as the genetic divergence was low. However, the high heterozygosity in both populations indicates that the RB92579 variety can be used as a parent to generate new cultivars. On the other hand, the low coefficient of genetic divergence and high identity coefficient indicate that there is genetic uniformity; therefore, there is no need for differential industrial adaptations for pretreatment or enzymatic hydrolysis of the sugarcane bagasse from RB92579 at the same cutting stage and planted in the two regions (PR and MS).

scholarly journals Salt stress mitigation by calcium nitrate in tomato plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rezowana Nizam ◽  
Md Tofail Hosain ◽  
Md Elias Hossain ◽  
Md Meftaul Islam ◽  
Md Ariful Haque
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Two Factors

Salt stress is one of the most subversive abiotic stress which severely affects the agricultural productivity in various ways. The pot experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2017 to April 2018. BARI Tomato-5 was used as planting material. The two factors experiment was laid out in RCBD with four replications. Five levels of salinity induced by sodium (Na+) viz., 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1 and three levels of Ca2+ viz., 0, 5 and 10 mM were used as treatment variables. The results of this experiment showed that, the salt stress reduced the yield parameters and yield of tomato with the increase of salinity. The lowest data was recorded from 8 dS m-1 and highest value was observed at control. The present results also showed that, Ca2+ significantly increased the yield contributing characters as well as yield of tomato in both saline and non-saline conditions. However, for combined effect, highest number of fruits plant-1 (50.8) and the highest yield plant-1 (3.88 kg) was produced from 0 dS m-1 Na x 10 mM Ca2+; whereas the lowest from 8 dS m-1 x 0 mM Ca2+. This result suggests that, exogenous Ca2+ can effectively mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress in tomato. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 87-93

scholarly journals Biological and morphological aspects of Plectris aliena (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) in sugarcane in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216113
Author(s):  
Elias Soares Gomes ◽  
Crébio José Ávila ◽  
Mariana Alejandra Cherman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Made In

Plectris aliena (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae) Chapin is a species already recorded causing serious damage to various cultures in North America and Australia. Although its occurrence has recently been reported in Brazil, information about its distribution, taxonomy, and biology is limited. Thus, this study aims to report this new occurrence of P. aliena in Deodápolis (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil), as well as to present bioecological and morphological aspects of this species. In this way, the seasonal distribution and the life cycle was studied in the years 2017 and 2018. The larvae were sampled through trenches made in the soil and reared in the laboratory. Adults were captured using “Luiz de Queiroz” light traps. Adults have body with dense white hairs, antennae with 10 antenomeres; they measure approximately 12 mm in length, and their antennal lamellae are larger for males than females. The larvae reach 30 mm in length in the third stage and pupae show about 19 mm in length. The life cycle of this species is univoltine. Due to the great diversity of Plectris and the scarce information available about this species in South America, this study will facilitate its identification in the field and indicate the best time for monitoring in sugarcane crop.

scholarly journals IS INPUT SUBSIDY STILL USEFUL FOR INDONESIAN AGRICULTURE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Gilang Wirakusuma
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Agricultural Performance ◽  
Agricultural Census ◽  
The Impact

Government policies in the form of input subsidies have become an essential instrument for improving the performance of the agricultural sector and overcoming the limitations of resources owned by farmers. However, there are still questions about how effective this policy can be in boosting agricultural performance. This study aims to examine the impact of channeling input subsidies on agricultural productivity. Using the 2014 Agricultural Census microdata, 26,079 rice farm households were included in the analysis. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is used to examine the impact of input subsidies on agricultural productivity represented by the productivity of rice farming. PSM was chosen because it can overcome the selection bias that could potentially arise in the analysis process. The analysis showed that the PSM model succeeded in reducing bias and confirmed that input subsidies had a significant effect on the productivity of rice farming. Thus, the input subsidy policy is an important and relevant instructor to improve the performance of the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Degradation and sorption of fipronil and atrazine in Latossols with organic residues from sugarcane crop

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1172-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Rômulo Penna Scorza Júnior ◽  
Maricy Raquel Lindenbah Bonfá ◽  
Maria Fernanda Zaneli Campanari ◽  
Ieda de Carvalho Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Pesticide Degradation ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Atrazine Degradation

ABSTRACT: Organic residues from sugarcane crop and processing (vinasse, boiler ash, cake filter, and straw) are commonly applied or left on the soil to enhance its fertility. However, they can influence pesticide degradation and sorption. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of adding these organic residues on the degradation and sorption of fipronil and atrazine in two soils of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil. The degradation experiment was carried out with laboratory-incubated (40 days; 28°C; 70% field capacity) soils (0-10cm). The batch equilibration method was used to determine sorption. Fipronil (half-life values of 15-105 days) showed to be more persistent than atrazine (7-17 days). Vinasse application to the soil favored fipronil and atrazine degradation, whereas cake filter application decreased the degradation rates for both pesticides. Values for sorption coefficients (Kd) were determined for fipronil (5.1-13.2mL g-1) and atrazine (0.5-1.5mL g-1). Only straw and cake filter residues enhanced fipronil sorption when added to the soil, whereas all sugarcane residues increased atrazine sorption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document