scholarly journals CLIMATE-TREE GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS OF Mimosa tenuiflora IN SEASONALLY DRY TROPICAL FOREST, BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Póvoa Mattos ◽  
Evaldo Muñoz Braz ◽  
Vitor Dressano Domene ◽  
Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio ◽  
Peter Gasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Mimosa Tenuiflora

Mimosa tenuiflora is a native pioneer tree from the Caatinga used commercially as firewood due to its high calorific value. It is deciduous, its trunk does not reach large diameters and it has good regrowth capacity. This study intended to determine the annual increment in diameter of M. tenuiflora and its correlation with rainfall, as basis for fuel wood management. Disks from the stem base of M. tenuiflora trees were collected in 2008 in Sertânia and Serra Talhada, Pernambuco State, from regrowth of trees coppiced in 2003 and in Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará State, from a plantation established in 2002. The trees have well-defined annual growth rings, highly correlated with annual precipitation and are well-suited for dendrochronological investigations. Forest managers must consider the influence of previous drier years in the wood production when predicting fuel wood harvesting. The high growth correlation with the previous year's rainfall in regions where the rains start after photoperiodic stimulation indicate the necessity of understanding the growth dynamics of the species under dry forest conditions through additional ecophysiology studies.

scholarly journals The Impacts of the Energy Potential of Forest Biomass on the Local Market: An Example of South-Eastern Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4985
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Heat Consumption ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
South Eastern

Forest biomass is and will remain a primary source of renewable energy in many EU countries in the coming years. The aim of this study was to determine the energy potential of forest biomass on a regional scale with regard to the needs of its inhabitants in terms of electricity and heat consumption. The study was carried out in south-eastern Poland. Energy potential was calculated based on the determined wood mass and calorific value of wood. The current level of forest biomass acquisition satisfies 4.2% of the needs of the local market in terms of electricity and heat consumption. Taking into account high forest cover of the region (40%), the 60% annual increment of total harvesting, and obtaining biomass at the level of 30% of the total harvesting, waste wood from the forest can meet 58.1% of the needs of the local market in terms of electricity consumption and 14.4% of the need for thermal energy consumption. There is a certain niche in the fuel wood market that is currently unused, presenting the opportunity to develop this sector and generate additional jobs in local markets. However, the increase in obtained forest biomass must be in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.

GROWTH OF PIKE-PERCH SANDER LUCIOPERCA (L., 1758) (PERCIDAE) IN RESERVOIRS OF K. SATPAYEV’S CHANNEL

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova ◽  
Kuanysh Baibulatovich Isbekov ◽  
Vladimir Nickolaevich Krainyuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Trophic Resources ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Back Calculation ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors

Pike-perch is an invader for the water basins of Central Kazakhstan. These species have stable self-reproductive populations in the regional waters. Back calculation method was used to investigate pike-perch growth rates in reservoirs of K. Satpayev’s channel. For comparison, the data from the other water bodies (Vyacheslavsky and Sherubay-Nurinsky water reservoirs) were used, as well as literature data. Pike-perch species from the investigated waters don’t show high growth rates. The populations from the reservoirs of K. Satpayev’s channel have quite similar growth rates with populations from the Amur river, from a number of reservoirs in the Volga river basin and from the reservoir in Spain. Sexual differences in growth have not been observed. Evaluating possible influence of various abiotic and biotic factors on the growth rate of pike-perch in the reservoirs of K. Satpayev’s channel was carried out. It has been stated that the availability of trophic resources cannot play a key role in growth dynamics because of their high abundance. Morphology of water bodies also does not play a role, as well as chromaticity, turbidity and other optical water indicators. It can be supposed that the main factor influencing growth of pike perch is the habitat’s temperature. This factor hardly ever approaches optimal values for the species in reservoirs of K. Satpaev’s channel. The possible influence of fishing selectivity on pike-perch growth rates was also evaluated. Currently, there has been imposed a moratorium on pike-perch catch. However, pike-perch is found in by-catches and in catches of amateur fishermen. It should be said that such seizures have an insignificant role in the dynamics of growth rates.

scholarly journals Resource-efficient infrastructure for fast growing cities – realization of a Resource Recovery Center

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tolksdorf ◽  
P. Cornel ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Source Separation ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Design Values

Abstract The SEMIZENTRAL approach is an infrastructure solution for the challenges of high growth dynamics and resource scarcity in fast growing urban areas. The integration of water, wastewater, waste, and energy in one system increases resource efficiency. District-wise realization enables the infrastructure system to grow at the same rate as the city. The concept has been realized for the first time on a scale of 12,000 population equivalent in Qingdao, China. Greywater and blackwater are collected separately; treated greywater is reused for toilet flushing. Reclaimed blackwater is used for irrigation. The analyses of the wastewater composition reveal significant differences in comparison to design values as well as to literature values for greywater and blackwater. Unexpected user behaviour, as well as cross-connections, are likely reasons. The greywater and blackwater treatment processes in the Resource Recovery Center were adapted to the influent's characteristics, so that legal effluent limits are fulfilled, despite changes in influent quality. Small systems often show higher influent variability. Design data for systems with source separation are still lacking. Measurement campaigns in areas similar to the planning area are recommendable, but might not always be possible. In addition, there is a risk of cross-connections between blackwater and greywater, though this can be reduced. For these reasons, there is (possibly high) uncertainty regarding design values for greywater and blackwater. Correspondingly, the treatment processes need to be designed flexibly. For future implementation, technical risks deriving from source separation have to be weighed against the expected higher acceptance of reuse of treated greywater in households. Intra-urban reuse of total wastewater, in combination with extensive public relations programs, might be an alternative.

scholarly journals Distributional patterns of Neotropical seasonally dry forest birds: a biogeographical regionalization

Cladistics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Prieto‐Torres ◽  
Octavio R. Rojas‐Soto ◽  
Elisa Bonaccorso ◽  
Diego Santiago‐Alarcon ◽  
Adolfo G. Navarro‐Sigüenza
Keyword(s):  
Forest Birds ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Seasonally Dry Forest

scholarly journals A model for the importance of large arborescent palms in the dynamics of seasonally-dry amazonian forests

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Salm ◽  
Euphly Jalles-Filho ◽  
Cynthia Schuck-Paim
Keyword(s):  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Amazonian Forests

In this study we propose a model that represents the importance of large arborescent palms in the dynamics of seasonally-dry Amazonian forests. Specifically, the model is aimed at guiding the investigation of the role of large arborescent palms on forest regeneration and succession. Following disturbance, the high level of luminosity reaching recently formed forest gaps favors the quick proliferation of shade-intolerant lianas that, by casting shade on the crowns of mature forest trees and increasing tree-fall probability, suppress forest succession. Due to their columnar architecture palm trees are, however, not severely affected by vines. As the palms grow, the canopy at the gaps becomes gradually higher and denser, progressively obstructing the passage of light, thus hindering the growth of shade-intolerant lianas and enabling late-successional tree development and forest regeneration. Owing to the long time associated with forest regeneration, the model cannot be tested directly, but aspects of it were examined with field data collected at an Attalea maripa-rich secondary forest patch within a matrix of well-preserved seasonally-dry forest in the Southeastern Amazon. The results indicate that (1) forest disturbance is important for the recruitment of large arborescent palms species, (2) these palms can grow rapidly after an event of disturbance, restoring forest canopy height and density, and (3) secondary forest dominated by palm trees species may be floristically similar to nearby undisturbed forests, supporting the hypothesis that the former has undergone regeneration, as purported in the model.

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainable Energy in Rural Communities in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Kwabena Boafo Adom-Opare ◽  
Daniel Kweku Baah Inkoom
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Industrial Energy

The paper uses a range of sustainability-measuring indicators to define and measure sustainable energy in a rural context. The use of fuel wood and charcoal in rural areas has consequences on the environment and human health and ultimately, climate change. Fuel wood and charcoal consumption for example pose threats in through carbon emissions. Though Ghana and most African countries are not heavy carbon emitters, it is important to recognize that fuel wood and charcoal are major sources of residential and industrial energy resource. From the study, it was estimated that household and industrial/commercial fuel wood and charcoal consumption, emitted 24,171 tCO2/year and the net carbon capture was about 112billion tCO2/year. The balance between carbon emitted and capture provides an indication of more room for carbon sequestration in the area and its environs; however high growth in fuel consumption coupled with increasing forest reduction and water evaporation (refer to section 4.6.3 on data on evaporation) presents a case for concern over the years.

scholarly journals Betula pendula Ssp. distribution and growth in the sub-Carpathian curvature

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Mihai Harpa ◽  
◽  
Lucian Dinca
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Successional Species

Birch ssp. in the sub-Carpathians curvature can be found in composition with beech and other resinous species, unevenly distributed from the mountain peaks at around 1200 m down to 500-600, mainly from high hills to depressions at 600m, rarely seen on plain sites, crossing different geomorphological structures and overall accounting for 3857.1 ha. The main objective of the paper was to analyze the site and stand characteristics of Betula pendula ssp. Roth. in the subCarpathians curvature as followed: stand structure, stand types and stand site types, soils and different metrics, from growth to yields and its connectivity.The ecological adaptability to climate and soil and early fast growth, makes silver birch fulfill the overall requirements as a pioneer species, mostly naturally regenerated. Birch distribution is highly influenced by stand structure having low proportion in compositions, mean height of 15 m at age 50, and a diameter of 20m. Regarding the site, characteristics are more commonly found on fertile soils, corrugated or fragmented site type with a slope of 20-50° and it is distributed as secondary species in stands, averaging 750m in attitude, ranging from 500 to 1200m, 90% being in mixtures with other species with a mean annual increment of approximately 7 m³/year/ha regardless of stand site type. As an early successional species, it serves as a first colonizer but secondary species and quite often as an ecological instrument to improve the soil characteristics, biodiversity and prevent landslides in certain sites, lacking economic value other than fuel wood or other non-wood products.

scholarly journals Threatened Neotropical seasonally dry tropical forest: evidence of biodiversity loss in sap-sucking herbivores over 75 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Pinedo-Escatel ◽  
G. Moya-Raygoza ◽  
C. H. Dietrich ◽  
J. N. Zahniser ◽  
L. Portillo
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Arthropod Species

Tropical forests cover 7% of the earth's surface and hold 50% of known terrestrial arthropod species. Alarming insect declines resulting from human activities have recently been documented in temperate and tropical ecosystems worldwide, but reliable data from tropical forests remain sparse. The sap-sucking tribe Athysanini is one herbivore group sensitive to anthropogenic perturbation and the largest within the diverse insect family Cicadellidae distributed in America's tropical forests. To measure the possible effects of deforestation and related activities on leafhopper biodiversity, a survey of 143 historic collecting localities was conducted to determine whether species documented in the Mexican dry tropical forests during the 1920s to 1940s were still present. Biostatistical diversity analysis was performed to compare historical to recent data on species occurrences. A data matrix of 577 geographical records was analysed. In total, 374 Athysanini data records were included representing 115 species of 41 genera. Historically, species richness and diversity were higher than found in the recent survey, despite greater collecting effort in the latter. A strong trend in species decline was observed (−53%) over 75 years in this endangered seasonally dry ecosystem. Species completeness was dissimilar between historic and present data. Endemic taxa were significantly less important and represented in the 1920s–1940s species records. All localities surveyed in the dry tropical forest are disturbed and reduced by modern anthropogenic processes. Mexico harbours highly endemic leafhopper taxa with a large proportion of these inhabiting the dry forest. These findings provide important data for conservation decision making and modelling of distribution patterns of this threatened seasonally dry tropical ecosystem.

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