scholarly journals Are there differences in nutrient intake of Brazilian adults according to weight status?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 2411-2418
Author(s):  
Marina Campos Araujo ◽  
Camilla de Chermont Prochnik Estima ◽  
Edna Massae Yokoo ◽  
Taís de Souza Lopes ◽  
Rosangela Alves Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Food Records

Abstract It was assessed the intake and prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to weight status among Brazilian adults from urban areas (n=16,198) evaluated in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey (NDS – 2008-2009), that obtained food records from two non-consecutive days. The prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to weight status was estimated based on Brazilian and international recommendations, in which usual intake was estimated applying the National Cancer Institute method. From 14 nutrients evaluated, six differed according to weight status in men, and only two among women. For men, the mean proportion of energy derived from lipids and saturated fat and mean intake of cholesterol, zinc, and vitamin B12 were greater among those with excess weight compared to those with normal weight; the inverse was observed for dietary fiber. Mean sodium intake was greater and proportion of energy from added sugar intake was lower among obese women compared to overweight ones. Strategies to encourage food consumption with high micronutrient density should be targeted to adult population regardless of their weight status.

scholarly journals Associations between Snacking and Weight Status among Adolescents 12–19 Years in the United States

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina L. Tripicchio ◽  
Alexandria Kachurak ◽  
Adam Davey ◽  
Regan L. Bailey ◽  
Lauren J. Dabritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Reporting Accuracy ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Association Data

Snacking is a significant contributor to energy intake among adolescents, but its association with weight status is unclear. To elucidate this association, data from 6545 adolescents (12–19 years) in the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. The mean number of daily snack occasions, mean snack size, and mean snack energy density were examined by weight classification (body mass index (BMI)-for-age percentiles: normal weight (NW) <85th; overweight (OW) ≥85th to <95th; obese (OB) ≥95th). Models included all snacking parameters, mean meal size, demographic characteristics, survey cycle year, and dietary reporting accuracy. Adolescents with NW consumed fewer snacks daily (1.69 (0.02) snacks/day) and smaller snacks per occasion (262.32 (4.41) calories (kcal)/snack) compared to adolescents with OW (1.85 (0.05) snacks/day, p = 0.005; 305.41 (8.84) kcal/snack, p < 0.001), and OB (1.97 (0.05) snacks/day; 339.60 (10.12) kcal/snack, both p < 0.001). Adolescents with OW and OB also consumed more added sugar, saturated fat and sodium from snacks, but had lower mean energy density per snack compared to snacks consumed by NW adolescents. US adolescents with OW and OB consume more snacks daily and more calories at each snacking occasion compared to adolescents with NW. Future studies should examine the prospective associations between snacking and weight status and impact on overall diet quality.

scholarly journals Where Do Nutrients of Public Health Concern Come From in US Rural Food Pantry Clients?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 227-227
Author(s):  
Yibin Liu ◽  
Heather Eicher-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Food Outlet ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Food Pantry ◽  
Food Pantries ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objectives Food pantry clients receive foods from food pantries, stores, restaurants and other food outlets. Intake of nutrients of public health concern, added sugar and saturated fats, is recommended to be limited to &lt;10% total energy intake (%TEI), and sodium not to exceed 2300 mg. The objective was to determine the largest contributing food outlet for added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium before and after a food pantry visit among rural food pantry clients (n = 473). Methods English speaking participants ≥18 years (or ≥19 years in Nebraska) were recruited from 24 food pantries in rural, high-poverty counties in Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, and South Dakota. Participants at the food pantry were interviewed regarding their characteristics and dietary intake using the Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Recall. Foods and beverages were reported as originating from food pantries, stores, restaurants, and other. An additional recall was collected within 1 week of the pantry visit on a non-consecutive day. The mean amount of sodium and %TEI from saturated fat and added sugar from each food outlet before and after the pantry visit was calculated for each participant and analyzed using Analysis of Variance. Results Stores, including supermarket, convenience store, and other stores, were the largest contributing outlet to sodium intake (mg, 1544.7 ± 50.2) and %TEI intake from added sugar (11.1 ± 0.4) and saturated fat (7.3 ± 0.2) before visiting the food pantry. The after-pantry intakes were not significantly different from the before-pantry intakes except for sodium. The after-pantry intake of sodium (mg) from food pantries increased from 513.8 ± 50.2 to 755.8 ± 50.2. Conclusions The largest contributing outlet to added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium intake were stores. Findings signal the need for offering nutrition education programs among food pantry clients to support healthy food choices and limit intake of nutrients of public health concern from various outlets, especially from supermarket, convenience stores, and other stores. Funding Sources This project is supported by the USDA NIFA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2013–69,004-20,401.

scholarly journals Away-from-home eating: nutritional status and dietary intake among Brazilian adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana Nogueira Bezerra ◽  
Eliseu Verly Junior ◽  
Rosangela Alves Pereira ◽  
Rosely Sichieri
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between eating away from home and BMI and to examine whether dietary intake differs based on the consumption of away-from-home food (AFHF).DesignData were obtained from the first Brazilian National Dietary Survey, using food records. The association between the percentage of energy provided by foods consumed away from home and BMI status was tested using logistic regression models. The mean percentages of energy provided by protein, fat, saturated fat and free sugars were calculated based on the consumption of foods away from home among AFHF consumers.SettingUrban areas of Brazil.SubjectsAdults (n13 736) between 25 and 65 years old.ResultsAFHF was not associated with BMI status. Individuals who consumed AFHF had higher intakes of free sugars away from home than at home and had higher intakes of energy-dense foods than AFHF non-consumers.ConclusionAlthough AFHF consumption was not related to overweight or obesity status, individuals who consumed foods away from home had higher intakes of energy-dense foods. Public health policies should be implemented to help people make healthier food choices away from home.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Nutrient Intake Values From Four Popular Nutrition Tracking Apps

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 972-972
Author(s):  
Alexa Evenson ◽  
Betsy Berens
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Food Processor ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Nutrition Course ◽  
Wilcoxon Sign Rank ◽  
Sign Rank Test

Abstract Objectives To assess the accuracy of nutrient intake values from four popular nutrition tracking apps including, MyFitnessPal, MyNetDiary, SparkPeople, and Cronometer, compared to ESHA-Food Processor. Methods One-day food records were obtained from 30 students in an introductory nutrition course. After demonstrating inter-rater reliability (ICC &gt; 0.90), food records were entered by two researchers into ESHA-Food Processor, MyFitnessPal (MFP), My Net Diary (MND), Spark People(SP), and Cronometer (CR) apps to determine nutrient intake values. Wilcoxon sign rank test and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data comparing the apps to ESHA. Results Energy intake values were significantly lower for MFP (P = 0.002), MND (P = 0.002), SP (P = 0.003); but not for CR (P &gt; 0.05) when compared to ESHA. Fat intake values were significantly lower for MFP (P = 0.003), MND (P = 0.003), SP (P = 0.006), but not CR (P = 0.249). Carbohydrate intake values were significantly lower for MFP (P = 0.005), MND (P = 0.002), SP (P = 0.004), and CR (P = 0.026) when compared to ESHA. There were no differences in protein or fiber intake values between any of the apps compared to ESHA (P &gt; .05). Sodium intake values were lower for MFP (P &lt; 0.001), MND (P = 0.014), and CR (P = 0.019) compared to ESHA, while SP did not estimate sodium intake. Conclusions A majority of the nutrition tracking apps calculated lower energy values and lower intake values of multiple nutrients compared to ESHA-Food processor. Users of the popular nutrition tracking apps, including consumers, educators, and researchers, should be aware of the significant differences in nutrient intake calculations as energy and many nutrients could be under-reported. Funding Sources No funding was provided.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Towards Added Sugar Consumption among Undergraduate Female Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa A Mumena ◽  
Asma A Alamri ◽  
Alhanouf A Mahrous ◽  
Bushra M Alharbi ◽  
Jumanah S Almohaimeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Undergraduate Female ◽  
Excessive Intake

Abstract Background: Intake of added sugar among populations in developed countries is linked to the increased prevalence of many non-communicable diseases; however, data regarding added sugar intake in developing countries are still lacking. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices towards added sugar intake and the associations with nutrient intake and weight status. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 190 healthy undergraduate female students of Taibah University, Madinah. Demographics, dietary intake, and anthropometrics (height, weight, and waist circumference (WC)) were collected during face-to-face interviews. Results : Even though 55.8% of students (n=106) were aware about the health consequences of excessive intake of added sugar, only 32.6% (n=62) made an effort to reduce their added sugar intake. Nine percent of students (n=16) consumed carbonated soft drinks daily, while 16.1% of students (n=30) consumed fruit drinks daily. Eighty-two percent (n=155) of the sample exceeded the recommendation of added sugar of <5% of total energy intake. Students who exceeded the recommendation of added sugar consumed lower quantities of protein, iron, and vitamin D. Added sugar intake was linked to nutrient intake, but not the weight status. Conclusions : Our findings indicated excessive intake of added sugar among young females. The observed inverse relationship between added sugar and macro- and micronutrient intakes highlight the urgent need for expanded efforts to limit the added sugar and to improve dietary quality of young population in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals High sodium food consumption pattern among Malaysian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad ◽  
Cheong Siew Man ◽  
Fatimah Othman ◽  
Feng J. He ◽  
Ruhaya Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium

Abstract Background Sodium is an essential mineral needed by the human body that must be obtained from food. An excess intake, however, can lead to many diseases. As food is the main source of sodium, this study aims to provide information on high sodium food consumption patterns in the Malaysian adult population. Methods The Malaysian Community Salt Study (MyCoSS) was a nationwide cross-sectional study, conducted between October 2017 and March 2018. A multistage complex sample was applied to select a nationally representative sample of respondents aged 18 years and above. Face to face interview by a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) comprising 104 food items was used to gain information on high sodium food consumption patterns. Results A total of 1047 respondents were involved in this study, with 1032 (98.6%) answering the FFQ. From the number, 54.1% exceed the recommendation of sodium intake <2000mg/day by FFQ assessment. The results also demonstrated that fried vegetables (86.4%) were the most common high sodium food consumed, followed by bread (85.9%) and omelet (80.3%). In urban areas, bread was the most common while fried vegetables took the lead in rural areas. By sex, bread was most commonly eaten by males and fried vegetables by females. The results also found that kolok mee/kampua mee contributed the highest sodium, 256.5mg/day in 9.0% adult population, followed by soy sauce 248.1mg/day in 33.2% adult population, and curry noodles 164.2mg/day in 18.5% adult population. Conclusion Fried vegetables, bread, and soy sauce were the main source of sodium consumption among adult. Reducing the amount of sodium added to these foods should be the top priority to reduce population sodium intake and thereby prevent sodium-related diseases in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with offspring weight status across infancy: a prospective birth cohort study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajin Hu ◽  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Xiaotong Wei ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Childhood Weight

Abstract Background: The association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and childhood body weight remains controversial, and additional study is needed, especially in Asian populations.Methods: This prospective study investigated the association between maternal glucose concentration, and GDM status and infant body weight from birth to 12 months of age. Linear mixed effects (LME) models and multiple linear regression were used to assess the longitudinal association of GDM with infant growth measured by weight-for-length (WFLZ), weight-for-age (WFAZ), and length-for-age (LFAZ) z-scores at birth, 1, 3, 6, 8, and 12 months of age.Results: Offspring born to mothers with GDM had higher WFLZ [β: 0.26 SD units (95% CI: 0.13–0.40)] across infancy than those of mothers without GDM. The association was more pronounced in normal-weight and overweight/obese women (P for interaction< 0.05). Multiple linear regression found that the effect estimate of GDM on infant WFLZ was highest at birth [β: 0.32 SD units (95% CI: 0.07– 0.57)], remained significant at 1 [β: 0.24 SD units (95% CI: 0.05–0.43)] and 3 [β:0.20 SD units (95% CI: 0.01–0.39)] months of age and decreased across infancy. Maternal GDM status was not associated with infant WFAZ or LFAZ.Conclusions: Maternal GDM status was associated with infant WFLZ, but not WFAZ or LFAZ. The association of GDM status with offspring WFLZ was more pronounced in early infancy or in normal-weight and overweight/obese women. The results may help to identify the critical period and specific GDM-risk groups for childhood weight status.

scholarly journals Measured and Perceived Body Weight Status of Women in the Peruvian Amazon

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Sophie Budge ◽  
Agnieszka Jaworowska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Body Weight Status

Background and objectives: The prevalence of obesity among adults has reached epidemic proportions in Latin America, placing large demands on health care systems. Research suggests cultural differences in body weight perceptions may be a barrier during the implementation of weight-loss strategies. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of weight misperception in Peruvian women and evaluate contributing factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 236 women were recruited in San Martín, northern Peru. Participants’ socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards their weight and health were collected. Self-perception of weight status was assessed with a 10-point scale and compared with measured body mass index (BMI). Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with underestimation of weight status. Results: A total of 65.2% of women were classified as overweight/obese by BMI, but only 15.2% perceived themselves so. A total of 70.4% of women underestimated their weight status and no incidence of overestimation was reported. Overweight and obese women were more likely to underestimate their weight status than normal weight women (OR (Odds Ratio): 34.24, 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 11.55–101.45; OR: 42.06, 95% CI: 11.17–158.32, respectively). Women who underestimated weight status felt more comfortable with their weight (59.3% vs. 20.6, p < 0.001) and agreed a large stomach is a sign of good health (40.7% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) versus those who correctly estimated. Conclusions: Underestimation of weigh status was highly prevalent and associated with unhealthy beliefs. Future public health programs must be culturally sensitive and tailored to specific groups within the population.

Food and Nutrient Intakes of Nova Scotian Children in Home and Childcare Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Melissa D. Rossiter ◽  
Linda Mann ◽  
Erin Kelly ◽  
Sara F.L. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

Purpose: To describe the energy (E), sodium, saturated fat, sugar, and fibre intakes of a sample of children attending regulated childcare (RCC) in Nova Scotia. Methods: Nutrient analyses from 79 food records were compiled and grouped by intakes in and outside of RCC, age, sex, location of the RCC (urban or rural), and nutrient intake data. Descriptive statistics and independent t tests were conducted. Results: Mean E and macronutrients were within recommended ranges and, for days attending RCC, 45%E was consumed in RCC. Saturated fat intake was 12%E on average. Mean sodium intake exceeded or approached the tolerable upper limit for 3-year olds (1726 mg/day) and 4–5-year olds (1770 mg/day), respectively. Total sugar was 27%E intake and significantly more sugar was consumed outside RCC and by boys compared to girls. Mean daily dietary fibre intake was below recommended levels (15 g/day). Conclusions: On average dietary intakes of children exceeded recommendations for sodium, saturated fat, and sugar with higher intakes outside RCC. The foods provided by RCC have a positive influence on children’s intakes, but given the pervasiveness of sugar and sodium in the food environment and the challenges of feeding children, support is needed for both RCC and families to encourage healthy eating behaviours for positive growth and development.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of a Culture-Specific Dietary Assessment Questionnaire in the Adult Population of Trinidad and Tobago

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1399-1399
Author(s):  
Lesley Ann Foster-Nicholas ◽  
David Shavlik ◽  
Patricia Dyett ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Gina Segovia-Siapco
Keyword(s):  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Cross Classification

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the reliability and validity of a culture-specific semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in assessing nutrient intake estimates of the adult population of Trinidad and Tobago. Methods An electronic 154-item semi-quantitative FFQ was created using Google forms to reflect the culture-specific and street foods consumed by persons living in Trinidad and Tobago. The self-administered FFQ was emailed twice, 3 months apart, to 91 participants ≥18 years. The first FFQ was validated against 4 one-day food records with digital images which served as the reference method. Using SPSS Version 26, the validity and reproducibility of the FFQ's nutrient intake estimates were determined using paired t-tests, bivariate correlations and cross-classifications. Correlations were calculated on energy-adjusted nutrients. Cross-classification was used to show agreement between the FFQ and weighted average food records. Results Participants consisted of 22% male and 78% females, median age 38 ± 10 years. Intake estimates of nutrients in both administrations of the FFQ were highly reproducible: Correlations ranged from medium (r = 0.58, P ≤ 0.0001, for vitamin C) to high (r = 0.83, P ≤ .0001, for carbohydrates); cross-classification agreements within ±1 quintile ranged from 69% (cholesterol) to 89% (fiber and vitamin A). For validity, the energy-adjusted correlations average was r = 0.37, with correlations (r) ranging from 0.22 (P ≤ .050, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)) to 0.67 (P ≤ .0001, cholesterol). Cross-classification showed that an average of 61% of the FFQ estimates were correctly classified within ±1 quintile of exact agreement in the food records. Agreements between the FFQ and the food records ranged from 48% for calcium to 71% for cholesterol, all significant at P ≤ 0.0001. Conclusions The culture-specific FFQ has a good level of reliability and validity for use in future studies to assess nutrient intake of adults living in Trinidad and Tobago. Funding Sources N/A.

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