scholarly journals AEROBIC TRAINING IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-285
Author(s):  
Priscyla Praxedes Gomes ◽  
Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Camila Tenório Calazans de Lira ◽  
Thiago Ricardo dos Santos Tenório ◽  
João Paulo Botero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensity Training

ABSTRACT Introduction: The prevalence of excess weight/obesity in adolescence has increased, and physical training may be effective in combating this scenario. Objective: To analyze the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the body composition of obese adolescents undergoing multidisciplinary intervention. Methods: In this study, 107 pubertal (Tanner 3 and 4), obese (BMI=34.72±4.10 kg/m²) adolescents (14.85±1.44 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: high intensity training (HITG – ventilatory threshold I (VTI)); low intensity training (LITG – 20% below the VTI) and control group (CG), without intervention. The adolescents in the HITG and LITG underwent nutritional and psychological (1x/week) and clinical (1 x/month) follow-up and physical training (3x/week) for 12 weeks. Results: Reductions in fat mass (FM) and body fat percentage (BFP) (p< 0.001) and an increase in fat-free mass (FFM) (p<0.001) were observed in all groups. There was a reduction in BMI only in the experimental groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The effects of multidisciplinary treatment on the body composition of obese adolescents occur independently of the intensity of aerobic physical training. Level of Evidence I; High quality randomized clinical studies with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.

scholarly journals The effects of Pilates vs. aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness, isokinetic muscular strength, body composition, and functional tasks outcomes for individuals who are overweight/obese: a clinical trial

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Bonal Rosell Rayes ◽  
Claudio Andre B. de Lira ◽  
Ricardo B. Viana ◽  
Ana A. Benedito-Silva ◽  
Rodrigo L. Vancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Trunk Extensor

Background Some studies have been conducted to verify the effects of Pilates for individuals who are obese, but conclusive results are not yet available due to methodological concerns. The present study aims to verify and compare the effects of Pilates and aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness, isokinetic muscular strength, body composition, and functional task outcomes for individuals who are overweight/obese. Methods Of the sixty participants, seventeen were allocated to the control group, since the intervention protocol (Pilates or walking sessions) was during their working hours. The remaining 44 participants were randomly allocated to one of two experimental groups (Pilates (n = 22)) or aerobic groups (n = 21).The Pilates and aerobic groups attended 60-min exercise sessions, three times per week for 8 weeks. The aerobic group performed walking training at a heart rate corresponding to the ventilatory threshold. The Pilates group performed exercises on the floor, resistance apparatus, and 1-kg dumbbells. The control group received no intervention. All volunteers were evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention. The following assessments were conducted: food intake, cardiorespiratory maximal treadmill test, isokinetic strength testing, body composition and anthropometry, abdominal endurance test, trunk extensor endurance test, flexibility test and functional (stair and chair) tests. Results There was no significant difference pre- and post-intervention in calorie intake [F(2, 57) = 0.02744, p = 0.97)]. A significant improvement in oxygen uptake at ventilatory threshold (p = 0.001; d = 0.60), respiratory compensation point (p = 0.01; d = 0.48), and maximum effort (p = 0.01; d = 0.33) was observed only in the Pilates group. Isokinetic peak torque for knee flexor and extensor muscles did not change for any groups. Lean mass (p = 0.0005; d = 0.19) and fat mass (p = 0.0001; d = 0.19) improved only in the Pilates group. Waist and hip circumference measurements decreased similarly in both experimental groups. Abdominal test performance improved more in the Pilates group (p = 0.0001; d = 1.69) than in the aerobic group (p = 0.003; d = 0.95). Trunk extensor endurance and flexibility improved only in the Pilates group (p = 0.0003; d = 0.80 and p = 0.0001; d = 0.41, respectively). The Pilates group showed greater improvement on the chair and stair tests (p = 0.0001; d = 1.48 and p = 0.003; d = 0.78, respectively) than the aerobic group (p = 0.005; d = 0.75 and p = 0.05; d = 0.41, respectively). Conclusion Pilates can be used as an alternative physical training method for individuals who are overweight or obese since it promotes significant effects in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and performance on functional tests.

scholarly journals The characteristic of the component body composition of athletes involved in game-based and cyclic kinds of sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
S. V. Gudimov ◽  
A. N. Shkrebko ◽  
I. A. Osetrov ◽  
I. E. Pleshcheev ◽  
M. A. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Body Weight Index

Objective: to determine a component body composition of students specializing in volleyball and athletics and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results.Materials and methods: the study was conducted at the Department of physical training and sports at the Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study included students from different groups of physical training: volleyball (10 men and 10 women), athletics (10 women) (experimental groups), and first­year students that attended physical training classes (14 men and 16 women) (control group).Results: significant differences were revealed between the anthropometric measurements in the experimental groups of the studied women and between the results of anthropometric measurements in the female volleyball players, female athletes, and students from the control group. Significant differences were revealed in the component body composition of the studied women from the experimental and control groups. The analysis of the results of anthropometric measurements in the experimental and control groups of men did not reveal any significant differences between the parameters. Bioimpedancemetry revealed significant differences in the composition of the internal milieu of volleyball players in comparison with the control group.Conclusions: 1. differences were revealed in the component composition of the body of female athletes involved in game­based and cyclic kinds of sport as well as in the parameters of bio­impedance of female volleyball players and the control group. Female volleyball players had higher parameters of total body fluids, intracellular and extracellular fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in comparison with female light athletes and the control group. The differences in the obtained results were more significant in the experimental groups. 2. Bio­impendance analysis of men showed significant differences in the component body composition of volleyball players in comparison with untrained students. The parameters of total body fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in sportsmen exceeded the same parameters in the control group. 3. Differences were established in the anthropometric parameters depending on the sport­oriented specialization of female students. Female volleyball players had higher values of mass, length, body weight index, and body surface area, the circumferences of the pelvis, thighs, and wrists in comparison with the results obtained in female light athletes. Similar differences were revealed in the anthropometric parameters of female volleyball players and students from the control group. Significantly lower values of the body weight index, circumference of the chest and pelvis of female athletes were registered in comparison with students from the control group. Male volleyball players did not have significant differences in the anthropometric parameters. They tended to have an increase in the body mass, length and surface area of the body, circumference of the chest, thighs, and wrists.

EFFECTIVENESS OF NORDIC WALKING AND PHYSICAL TRAINING IN IMPROVING BALANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF PERSONS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (82) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Amadeusz Skiba ◽  
Agnieszka Stopa ◽  
Iwona Sulowska ◽  
Wiesław Chwała ◽  
Anna Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Nordic Walking

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nordic Walking training and physical training on the balance and body composition in adult people with Down syndrome. Basic procedures We enrolled 32 subjects with Down syndrome, aged 25-40 years with moderate intellectual disability. They were randomly divided into three groups: Nordic Walking training group, physical training group and control group with no intervention. Training sessions were held for 10 weeks at a frequency of 3 times a week. Subjects were examined twice: 1 week before training and a week immediately after intervention. To evaluate balance we applied modified Clinical Test for Sensory Integration and Balance (mCTSIB) on BioSway platform. Evaluation of body composition was assessed with Tanita Body Composition Analyzer TBF – 300. Results After training, in the mCTSIB statistically significant changes were observed only in the Nordic Walking group. In the control group in the mCTSIB the changes were not reported. There were observed improvements in the body composition after Nordic Walking training and in the control group there were deteriorated. Conclusions The research shows that regular physical activity such as Nordic Walking training has positive influence on the balance in people with Down syndrome. The changes were greater in people participated in Nordic Walking training rather than physical training. Both of the study groups presented improvement compared to controls. Key words: Down syndrome, Nordic Walking, disability, balance, stability, BMI, mCTSIB, body composition, rehabilitation

scholarly journals Effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate Supplementation on Low Intensity Training Men and Its Effect on Body Composition and Blood Biochemistry

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Ying Lan TSAI ◽  
Chia Jung CHUNG ◽  
Hsueh Ju LIN ◽  
Richard W. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Endocrine Profile ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Intensity Training

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. The present randomized and double-blinded study investigated whether β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on low intensity training subjects had an effect on body composition and blood biochemistry. Fourteen recreational untrained college students participated in an eight-week low intensity resistant training. They were divided into two groups either an HMB group or a placebo group at the 5th week. Prior to beginning of the study a 1 RM max was performed at 1st week and again at the 4th week. 80% of 1 RM max was used as the training weight. The HMB group received 3g of HMB supplements per day from the 5th week to the 8th week. The body composition, blood biochemistry, and strength at 0 week and 8th week were measured. There were no significant differences (P<0.5) between the two groups in fat free mass, creatine kinase, endocrine profile, blood lipid profile and strength. Results indicated that low intensity training men ingesting HMB for 4 weeks did not provid any ergogenic benefit. 本研究主要探討補充β-羥基-β-甲基丁酸鹽(HMB)對低強度訓練者的身體組成和血液生化值是否有影響。研究對象為14位未受訓練的大學生參與8周的阻力訓練。在實驗開始前與第四周測量受試者的最大肌力，之後以80%最大肌力進行肌力訓練。HMB組於第5周至第8周每天補充3克的HMB，安慰劑組則補充安慰劑。於第1周和第8周測量每位受試者的身體組成、血液生化值和肌力。研究結果顯示這兩組在體脂肪百分比，肌酸激酶，內分泌，血脂和肌力沒有顯著性的差異(P<0.05)，即低強度之阻力訓練，再予以補充4周HMB並無增強作用。

scholarly journals Assessment of Effect of Exercise on Body Composition in Obese and Overweight

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Reshma Shireesha ◽  
Obulesu Obulesu
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Aim: To assess the effect of exercise on body composition in obese and overweight. Methods: A total of seventy- two overweight subjects of either gender were enrolled for the study. Two groups were prepared. One group was experimental group (n=36) and the second group was control group (n=36). Parameter such as age, height and weight was recorded. On the basis of variables body mass Index and body fat percentage of every subject was determined. The experiment group were put on aerobic exercises spread over duration of four weeks. Results: The mean height in group I was 163.7 cm and 165.4 cm in group II. Weight was 65.2 kg and 63.5 kgs in group II, BMI (Kg/m2) was 29.4 and 29.1, body fat was 29.3% and 29.6% in group I and II respectively. A significant difference was observed (P< 0.05). The mean pre- test BMI was 29.6 and 38.5 and post- test value was 26.4 and 38.9 in group I and II respectively. A significant difference was observed (P< 0.05). Conclusions: Regular physical activity appears to confer a health benefit to the people. There was a positive relationship between aerobic exercises and overweight women in order to reduce the value of fat in the body.

scholarly journals Effect of combined aerobic and resistance training in body composition of obese postmenopausal women

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício E. Rossi ◽  
Camila Buonani ◽  
Juliana Viezel ◽  
Eduardo P. da Silva ◽  
Tiego A. Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Training Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Training Protocol

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 16-week program of combined aerobic and resistance training on the body composition of postmenopausal women who are obese. The participants were divided into two groups: training group (TG, n = 37) and non-trained control group (CG, n = 18). The trunk fat, fat mass, percentage of fat mass and fat-free mass were estimated using DXA. Three nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls were conducted. The training protocol consisted of 50 minutes of resistance training followed by 30 minutes of aerobic training. After the 16-week training program, differences were observed in trunk fat (CG= 0.064 x TG= -0.571 Kg; p-value = .020), fat mass (CG= -0.088 x TG= -1.037 Kg; p-value = .020) and fat-free mass (CG= -0.388 x TG= 1.049 Kg; p = .001). Therefore, a 16-week program of systematic combined aerobic and resistance training in obese postmenopausal women was effective in improving fat-free mass and decreasing both whole and abdominal adiposity.

Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Changes Body Composition and the Meridian Systems in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 683-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsien Lin ◽  
Yu-Min Lin ◽  
Chi-Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Improve Body Composition ◽  
Significant Difference

This study evaluates the effects of electrical stimulation on body composition and the meridian system in postmenopausal women with obesity. Forty-one postmenopausal women were recruited in Taiwan. The body composition was used as a screening test for obesity (percentage of body fat: > 30%, waist circumference: > 80 cm). The experimental group (EG, n = 20) received modulated middle-frequency electrical stimulation treatment for 20 min twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks at the Zusanli (ST36) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) acupoints. The control group (CG, n = 21) did not receive any intervention. The measurements of body composition and the meridian system were recorded for both groups in the pre- and post-study. The results showed that the data of body composition (weight, waist and hip circumference, percentage of body fat, and percentage of lean muscle mass) changed considerably in the EG ( p < 0.05); however, no significant difference was observed in the CG. The left triple burner meridian changed notably in both EG and CG throughout the study ( p < 0.05), however there was no difference between the two groups in the overall mean value, up-down ratio, qi and blood ratio, and yin-yang ratio. Our findings suggest that modulated middle-frequency electrical stimulation could help to improve body composition in postmenopausal women with obesity, potentially providing them with better care and health by integrating Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Female Patients with Adhesion Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoi Fujiwara ◽  
Masaaki Ito ◽  
Shuang-Qin Yi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Many studies have attempted to clarify factors associated with the development of shoulder periarthritis. In its early stage, omalgia impairs normal, everyday life. Due to this pain, muscle force decreases in the affected side of the upper limb, and a change occurs in body composition distribution, especially in the upper limb. Currently, body composition distribution can be measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Methods: 102 patients with unilateral shoulder pain over 3 months (5 males and 97 females, mean age: 62.5 ± 10.5 years) were assigned to the shoulder pain group (painful group). The control group consisted of 237 patients without shoulder pain (20 males and 197 females, mean age: 59.8 ±14.2 years). These factors were measured using a QDR-4500 DEXA scanner (Hologic Co., Ltd.). Results: Mean values of bone mineral density were 0.57 ±0.09 g/cm2 on the affected side and 0.59 ± 0.08 g/cm2 on the non-affected side in the painful group. Mean values in the control group were 0.57 ± 0.14 g/cm2 on the left side and 0.58 ±0.09 g/cm2 on the right side. There was no significant difference between the shoulder with and without pain, affected and non-affected side. Mean proportions of the upper limb that was fat were 40.1 ± 9.5% on the affected side and 35.7 ±9.8% on the non-affected side in the painful group. In the control group, the means were 39.2 ±11.1% on the left side and 37.5 ± 10.9% on the right side. The mean muscle masses of the upper limb were 1548.5 ±304.2 g on the affected side and 1723.5 ±321.5 g on the non-affected side in the painful group. There was a significant difference between the affected and non-affected side. Conclusions: We measured the body composition of the upper limb. Muscle mass of upper limb was significantly different between the affected and non-affected sides.

scholarly journals Role of Fitness Program in a Health Improvement of Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
Gorana Tesanovic ◽  
Goran Bosnjak ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljevic ◽  
Radomir Zrnic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Fitness Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Female Subjects

Summary Since physical activities affect the quality of life and activate a complete locomotor system, sports and physical activities can be treated as a determinant for a harmonious development of all child’s characteristics and anthropological characteristics. Because, childhood and youth are the most important formative periods, and some segments of development, for example, specific motor skills can be developed only with means used in sports, this research was conducted to find out do the fitness program (aimed at improving strength) after eight weeks had a positive effect on body composition and mobility and stability of subjects. A control group consisted of 11 female subjects and experimental group were 11 female subjects aged 16 years. The effects of the program on the fitness condition of the subjects were determined by assessing the body composition parameters (data obtained using the Body composition analyser TANITA BC-418) - the total percentage of fat tissue (FAT), the percentage of fat tissue segmentally (percentage of fat tissue of the left leg (FATll), right leg (FATrl), left arm (FATla), right arm (FATra) and body (FATb)) and estimation of mobility and stability levels - based on the application of Functional movement screening (FMS) method (seven tests) before and after the program is implemented. The success of the implemented program was confirmed because the program showed a statistically significant difference between the mobility groups of the subjects in the experimental in relation to the control group (deep squat t=3,464 p=0,006, step over a hurdle t=2,390 p=0,038, active lift of a stretched leg t=2,887 p=0,016, rotatory body stability t=3,130 p=0,011 and FMS t=5,721 p=0,000), and a positive effect on the composition of the body in terms of reduction of the percentage of fatty body has been shown segmentally.

scholarly journals AB0754 THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BODY COMPOSITION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN ADULTS WITH JUVENIL IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1405.1-1405
Author(s):  
R. De Oliveira ◽  
P. Julio ◽  
P. Fernandes ◽  
R. Marini ◽  
S. Appenzeller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Significant Difference

Background:With improvement of treatment, long-term factors influencing quality of life have to be addressed in the care of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients.Objectives:To compare body composition, level of physical activity and self-esteem of adult patients with JIA with control group (CG).Methods:The levels of physical activity were analyzed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. The body composition data were collected using the Omrom HBF 514 C vertical electric bioimpedance device. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to assess positive and negative attitude and feelings about themselves, where the lower the score, the higher the individual’s self-esteem. For the statistical analysis of the data, the IBM SPSS software was used with a significance index of p <0.05.Results:We included 81 individuals >18 years, 38 with JIA and 43 healthy people. The female sex was the largest participant in this research, being. There was no significant difference regarding sex [female =28 (73.7%) in JIA and 26 (60.5%) in CG] and age of the groups (29.39 ± 7.6 vs. 31.1 ± 3.1, p = 0.18). The CG showed greater height and body weight (163.5 ± 9.8 vs. 169.6 ± 8.0, p<0.001; 63.07 ± 16.65 vs. 69.33 ± 6.88, p = 0.003, respectively), but no difference in Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed (24.32 ± 4.9 vs. 24.12 ± 2.09, p = 0.8). JIA had a higher percentage of total fat mass (31.65 ± 10.20 vs. 28.47 ± 4.9, p = 0.07), while the CG had a higher percentage of total muscle mass (29.7 ± 6.5 vs. 35.86 ± 6.05, p<0.001). The self-esteem of JIA patients was lower than in the CG (21 ± 3.9 vs. 16.26 ± 4.3, p<0.001). In the IPAQ classifications, JIA patients were classified as less physically active than the CG (2.63% vs. 20.93%, p = 0.022), less irregularly active (5.26% vs. 23.25, p = 0.023) and a higher level of sedentary lifestyle (65.78% vs. 25.58%, p<0.001). A higher percentage of muscle mass was associated with greater self-esteem (r=-0.3; p=0.01).Conclusion:The low practice of physical activities by patients with JIA seems to directly influence both, their body composition and their self-esteem. These patients should be encouraged to increase physical activity from an early age by a multiprofessional healthcare team to seek improvement their quality of life.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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