scholarly journals The characteristic of the component body composition of athletes involved in game-based and cyclic kinds of sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
S. V. Gudimov ◽  
A. N. Shkrebko ◽  
I. A. Osetrov ◽  
I. E. Pleshcheev ◽  
M. A. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Body Weight Index

Objective: to determine a component body composition of students specializing in volleyball and athletics and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results.Materials and methods: the study was conducted at the Department of physical training and sports at the Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study included students from different groups of physical training: volleyball (10 men and 10 women), athletics (10 women) (experimental groups), and first­year students that attended physical training classes (14 men and 16 women) (control group).Results: significant differences were revealed between the anthropometric measurements in the experimental groups of the studied women and between the results of anthropometric measurements in the female volleyball players, female athletes, and students from the control group. Significant differences were revealed in the component body composition of the studied women from the experimental and control groups. The analysis of the results of anthropometric measurements in the experimental and control groups of men did not reveal any significant differences between the parameters. Bioimpedancemetry revealed significant differences in the composition of the internal milieu of volleyball players in comparison with the control group.Conclusions: 1. differences were revealed in the component composition of the body of female athletes involved in game­based and cyclic kinds of sport as well as in the parameters of bio­impedance of female volleyball players and the control group. Female volleyball players had higher parameters of total body fluids, intracellular and extracellular fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in comparison with female light athletes and the control group. The differences in the obtained results were more significant in the experimental groups. 2. Bio­impendance analysis of men showed significant differences in the component body composition of volleyball players in comparison with untrained students. The parameters of total body fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in sportsmen exceeded the same parameters in the control group. 3. Differences were established in the anthropometric parameters depending on the sport­oriented specialization of female students. Female volleyball players had higher values of mass, length, body weight index, and body surface area, the circumferences of the pelvis, thighs, and wrists in comparison with the results obtained in female light athletes. Similar differences were revealed in the anthropometric parameters of female volleyball players and students from the control group. Significantly lower values of the body weight index, circumference of the chest and pelvis of female athletes were registered in comparison with students from the control group. Male volleyball players did not have significant differences in the anthropometric parameters. They tended to have an increase in the body mass, length and surface area of the body, circumference of the chest, thighs, and wrists.

scholarly journals The effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation and Electrical isotonic contraction on anthropometric measurements, body composition, angiogenesis factors, sirtunin-1, and PGC1-α in obese people undergoing a weight loss diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Mohammadshahi ◽  
Elahe Zakizadeh ◽  
Kambiz Ahmadi Angali ◽  
Majid Ravanbakhsh ◽  
Bijan Helli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Isotonic Contraction

Abstract Background: The anti-obesity effects of Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and isotonic contraction has been reported. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of α-LA supplementation and Faradic (an electrical stimulating system) on anthropometric parameters, body composition, VEGF, Sirtunin-1, nitric oxide (NO), and PGC1-α in obese people undergoing a weight loss regime.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was carried out on 100 obese adults. The subjects were randomly assigned to four groups of 25 subjects including Faradic, α-LA, -α-LA+Faradic, and control. A Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA) was used to estimate anthropometric measurements including weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and fat free mass. The serum levels of Sirtunin-1, PGC1-α, VEGF, and NO levels were measured. All measurements were done at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention.Results: A significant weight reduction was observed in all four groups compared to baseline (p=<0.01). The placebo group had significantly higher weight, BMI, weight circumstance (WC), and body fat (BF) compared with the other groups. The α-LA+Faradic group had significantly lower weight, BMI, BF, WC than control, faradic, and α-LA groups and higher, Sitruin,, and PGC than the control group (all P <0.05).Conclusions: The findings indicated that the α-LA and Faradic interventions may have a synergistic effect on weight, BMI, BF, WC, and SLM, possibly through changes in serum level of VEGF, NO, and PGC. Further researches are warranted to clarify the mutual effects of –α-LA and Faradic on obesity and molecular biomarkers.Name of the registry: Iranian Registry of Clinical TrialsTrial registration number: IRCT20131117015424N2Date of registration: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20131117015424N2URL of trial registry record: 04/04/2018

EFFECTIVENESS OF NORDIC WALKING AND PHYSICAL TRAINING IN IMPROVING BALANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF PERSONS WITH DOWN SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (82) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Amadeusz Skiba ◽  
Agnieszka Stopa ◽  
Iwona Sulowska ◽  
Wiesław Chwała ◽  
Anna Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Nordic Walking

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nordic Walking training and physical training on the balance and body composition in adult people with Down syndrome. Basic procedures We enrolled 32 subjects with Down syndrome, aged 25-40 years with moderate intellectual disability. They were randomly divided into three groups: Nordic Walking training group, physical training group and control group with no intervention. Training sessions were held for 10 weeks at a frequency of 3 times a week. Subjects were examined twice: 1 week before training and a week immediately after intervention. To evaluate balance we applied modified Clinical Test for Sensory Integration and Balance (mCTSIB) on BioSway platform. Evaluation of body composition was assessed with Tanita Body Composition Analyzer TBF – 300. Results After training, in the mCTSIB statistically significant changes were observed only in the Nordic Walking group. In the control group in the mCTSIB the changes were not reported. There were observed improvements in the body composition after Nordic Walking training and in the control group there were deteriorated. Conclusions The research shows that regular physical activity such as Nordic Walking training has positive influence on the balance in people with Down syndrome. The changes were greater in people participated in Nordic Walking training rather than physical training. Both of the study groups presented improvement compared to controls. Key words: Down syndrome, Nordic Walking, disability, balance, stability, BMI, mCTSIB, body composition, rehabilitation

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF THE BODY’S EXTERNAL STRUCTURE AND INDICATORS OF CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS OF VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS OF DIFFERENT POSITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-924
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Sarafinjuk ◽  
Olga P. Khapitska ◽  
Larysa Ya. Fedoniuk ◽  
Lyudmila V. Fomina ◽  
Daria A. Merkulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
External Structure ◽  
Impact Index ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The aim was to determine the main differences in the external structure of the body and the of central hemodynamics parameters in of high-level sports skills volleyball players of the juvenile age with the role of libero, hitters and setters. Materials and methods: 116 volleyball players of high level athletic skill of the youth age from 16 to 20 years old. The control group included 140 practically healthy girls who were not engaged in sports of the corresponding age. Anthropometric investigation was performed according to Bunak’s V.V. and Martirosov’s E.G. method, rheographic – according to the method of Ronkin M.A. and Ivanov L.B. The reliability of the difference between independent quantitative values was determined using Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: It was established that volleyball players have significantly higher total, longitudinal, circumferential dimensions of the body, width of distal epiphyses, transverse diameters of the chest and pelvis in comparison with girls, who are not involved in sport. According to the most parameters of the body external structure the hitters are predominate than setters and libero. In hitters and setters, most anthropo-somatotypological parameters are larger than in nonathletes. The stroke and minute volumes, the impact index, the volume velocity of the blood and the capacity of the left ventricle in volleyball players are significantly higher. Specific peripheral resistance is significantly lower than that of girls who are not involved in sports. Between the volleyball players of different positions in the value of the central hemodynamics parameters, there were no significant differences, except for the impact index, which is significantly higher in libero than in the hitters. Conclusions: The external structure of the body, anthropometric parameters and indicators of central hemodynamics depend of volleyball player’s position and have some peculiarities.

scholarly journals AEROBIC TRAINING IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-285
Author(s):  
Priscyla Praxedes Gomes ◽  
Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Camila Tenório Calazans de Lira ◽  
Thiago Ricardo dos Santos Tenório ◽  
João Paulo Botero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensity Training

ABSTRACT Introduction: The prevalence of excess weight/obesity in adolescence has increased, and physical training may be effective in combating this scenario. Objective: To analyze the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the body composition of obese adolescents undergoing multidisciplinary intervention. Methods: In this study, 107 pubertal (Tanner 3 and 4), obese (BMI=34.72±4.10 kg/m²) adolescents (14.85±1.44 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: high intensity training (HITG – ventilatory threshold I (VTI)); low intensity training (LITG – 20% below the VTI) and control group (CG), without intervention. The adolescents in the HITG and LITG underwent nutritional and psychological (1x/week) and clinical (1 x/month) follow-up and physical training (3x/week) for 12 weeks. Results: Reductions in fat mass (FM) and body fat percentage (BFP) (p< 0.001) and an increase in fat-free mass (FFM) (p<0.001) were observed in all groups. There was a reduction in BMI only in the experimental groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The effects of multidisciplinary treatment on the body composition of obese adolescents occur independently of the intensity of aerobic physical training. Level of Evidence I; High quality randomized clinical studies with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Men with Ulcerative Colitis in Remission in a Pair–Matched Case–Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Głąbska ◽  
Dominika Guzek ◽  
Gustaw Lech
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Control Study

The aim of the presented research was to analyze the nutritional status of male subjects with ulcerative colitis in remission by using body composition that was assessed by bioelectrical impedance measurement against a gender-matched control group. Forty-four male patients in remission with ulcerative colitis were recruited for the case-control study and simultaneously, a matched control group of 44 male individuals without inflammatory bowel diseases was pair-matched (general community individuals). The body composition measurement was conducted by the bioelectrical impedance method using BodyComp MF Plus and Bodygram Pro 3.0 software. Parameters assessed include body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular body water (EBW), intracellular body water (IBW), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), and the body cell mass (BCM) index. A significant between-group difference was observed only for EBW, where subjects with ulcerative colitis were characterized by a higher mass of extracellular water (p = 0.0405). Individuals with ulcerative colitis were characterized by a lower BCM share than the control group (p = 0.0192). A comparative analysis of the body composition of male patients with ulcerative colitis with those who did not have ulcerative colitis revealed only minor differences. The risk of malnutrition, assessed using both BMI and bioelectrical impedance, in men with ulcerative colitis in remission is the same as in healthy males in the matched general population.

TEACHING MULTI-ROTATION JUMPS TO FEMALE SKATERS AGED 10–11 WITH THE USE OF «ROTATOR» VESTIBULAR SIMULATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Ivan Martynenko ◽  
Ekaterina Borisenkova ◽  
Yana Suslenko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
The North ◽  
Training Methodology ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Training Exercises

Currently, Russian skaters are delivering incredible performances worldwide. In this regard, diverse social groups show increasing interest in this sport. Thus, professionals pay much attention to the coaching for win-win outcomes. It is especially important for single female skaters at the competitions where few hundredths of a point determine results of several participants from Russia, and at the same time dozens of points separate them and skaters from other countries on the podium. The aim of the research is to test the techniques of teaching multi-rotation jumps to female skaters aged 10-11. These techniques are part of training methodology, and they consider harmony, interconnection and versatility of sport training in general. These techniques include special exercises with the use of “Rotator” simulator. Materials and methods of the research. In our research, we used the review and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical processing of the results. The experiment covered two groups of female athletes born in 2007-2008, with 8 people in each group. All the participants came from the «Zvezda» Center of Physical Culture and Sports of the North-Western administrative district of Moscow. Research results and discussion. Participants of the experimental group were performing the developed sets of exercises on general physical training, special physical training (including “Rotator” vestibular simulator) and training on skating rink during six months. The research revealed a significant increase in the technical and physical fitness of the participants of this subgroup. Conclusion. The developed set of “Rotator” simulator exercises, as well as complexes of auxiliary and special training exercises with increasing coordination complexity are effective in teaching multi-rotation jumps to female skaters aged 10-11 compared with the standard exercises performed in the control group.

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of 4 Weeks of a Technique-Specific Protocol with High-Intensity Intervals on General and Specific Physical Fitness in Taekwondo Athletes: An Inter-Individual Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3643
Author(s):  
Alex Ojeda-Aravena ◽  
Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela ◽  
Pablo Valdés-Badilla ◽  
Jorge Cancino-López ◽  
José Zapata-Bastias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Specific Protocol

The aim of this research was to compare the effects of a technique-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol vs. traditional taekwondo training on physical fitness and body composition in taekwondo athletes, as well as to analyse the inter-individual response. Utilising a parallel controlled design, sixteen male and female athletes (five females and 11 males) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) that participated in the technique-specific HIIT and a control group (CG) that participated in traditional taekwondo training. Both groups trained three days/week for four weeks. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 5-metre sprint (5M), 20-metre shuttle run (20MSR), taekwondo specific agility test (TSAT), multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKTMULT), total kicks, and kick decrement index (KDI), as well as body composition were evaluated. Results indicate that there are no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the factors group and time factor and group by time interaction (p > 0.05). Although percentage and effect size increases were documented for post-intervention fitness components in TSAT, total kicks, KDI, and 20MSR, responders and non-responders were also documented. In conclusion, a HIIT protocol based on taekwondo-specific technical movements does not report significant differences in fitness and body composition compared to traditional taekwondo training, nor inter-individual differences between athletes.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Diet Quality Profile of the Lithuanian Team of Deaf Women’s Basketball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6749
Author(s):  
Marius Baranauskas ◽  
Valerija Jablonskienė ◽  
Jonas Algis Abaravičius ◽  
Rimantas Stukas
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Working Capacity ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Basketball Team

There are about 466 million people with hearing impairments in the world. The scientific literature does not provide sufficient data on the actual nutrition and other variables of professional deaf athletes. The objectives of this study were to investigate and evaluate the body composition, the physical working capacity, the nutrition intake, and the blood parameters of iron and vitamin D in the Lithuanian high-performance deaf women’s basketball team players. The female athletes (n = 14) of the Lithuanian deaf basketball team aged 26.4 ± 4.5 years were recruited for an observational cross-sectional study. A 7-day food recall survey method was used to investigate their actual diet. The measurements of the body composition were performed using the BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis) tetra-polar electrodes. In order to assess the cardiorespiratory and aerobic fitness levels of athletes, ergo-spirometry (on a cycle ergometer) was used to measure the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and the physical working capacity at a heart rate of 170 beats per minute (PWC170). The athletes’ blood tests were taken to investigate the red blood cells, hemoglobin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, transferrin, iron concentrations, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). The consideration of the VO2peak (55.9 ± 6.1 mL/min/kg of body weight, 95% CI: 51.8, 58.9) and the low VO2peak (56–60 mL/min/kg of body weight) (p = 0.966) in the deaf women’s basketball team players revealed no differences. For the deaf female athletes, the PWC170 was equal to 20.3 ± 2.0 kgm/min/kg of body weight and represented only the average aerobic fitness level. The carbohydrate and protein intakes (5.0 ± 1.3 and 1.3 ± 0.3 g/kg of body weight, respectively) met only the minimum levels recommended for athletes. The fat content of the diet (38.1 ± 4.1% of energy intake) exceeded the maximum recommended content (35% of energy intake) (p = 0.012). The mean blood serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and ferritin (24.1 ± 6.6 nmol/L and 11.0 ± 4.1 µg/L, respectively) predicted vitamin D and iron deficits in athletes. Female athletes had an increased risk of vitamin D and iron deficiencies. Regardless of iron deficiency in the body, the better cardiorespiratory fitness of the deaf female athletes was essentially correlated with the higher skeletal muscle mass (in terms of size) (r = 0.61, p = 0.023), the lower percentage of body fat mass (r = −0.53, p = 0.049), and the reduced intake of fat (r = −0.57, p = 0.040).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document