scholarly journals Perception versus intake of fruit and vegetables

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecília Ramos de CARVALHO ◽  
Mariana Carvalho de MENEZES ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza LOPES
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Satisfaction ◽  
Belo Horizonte

ABSTRACT Objective To compare perception and intake of fruit and vegetables, and to identify the factors associated with misperception of intake. Methods Cross-sectional study with 3,414 participants of the Health Academy Program from Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Stages of change from Transtheoretical Model were used to evaluate perception of intake, and questions adapted from national surveys were used to assess intake of fruit and vegetables as separate groups. Individuals whose intake and perception were discordant were reclassified in pseudo-maintenance (wrongly believe their intake is adequate) or non-reflective action (wrongly believe their intake is inadequate). Results Insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables and misperception of intake were observed. Pseudo-maintenance was more prevalent, given that 45.1% of individuals were reclassified in this stage regarding their vegetable intake and 22.9% regarding fruit. According to multinomial logistic regression, pseudo-maintenance of fruit intake was associated with sex, schooling, food and nutrition security, weight satisfaction, and participation in nutrition interventions; pseudo-maintenance of vegetable intake was associated with schooling and weight satisfaction. Non-reflective action was associated with age. Conclusion An important discordance between perception and intake was found, with emphasis on pseudo-maintenance of vegetable intake. Misperception was associated with different factors regarding fruit and vegetables, including sociodemographic variables, participation in nutrition interventions, and weight satisfaction. These results can contribute to the design of interventions aligned with eating behavior, aimed to empower individuals for their food choices.

scholarly journals Stages of change and factors associated with misperceived eating behavior in obese individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydiane Bragunci BEDESCHI ◽  
Aline Cristine Souza LOPES ◽  
Luana Caroline dos SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Maintenance Stage

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the stages of behavior change related to fat and fruit/vegetable intakes and the factors associated with misperceived eating behavior (pseudo-maintenance). Methods: This cross-sectional study collected sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health, and food intake data from obese individuals (n=103) aged ≥20 years. Stages of behavior change according to the Transtheoretical Model were measured for fat and fruit/vegetable intakes. The pseudo-maintenance stage was reclassified in subjects in the action/maintenance stage who had inappropriate food habits. Multiple logistic regression models were proposed to assess the factors associated with misperceptions. Results: The prevalences of pseudo-maintenance for fat and fruit/vegetable intakes were 23.3 and 19.4%, respectively. The factors associated with misperceived fat intake were overconsumption of saturated fatty acids (OR=3.84; 1.18-12.56) and age (OR=1.06; 1.02-1.11), and with fruit and vegetable intake, income (OR=0.99; 0.98-0.99). Conclusion: The results reveal that perceived eating behavior and actual food intake diverge from anthropometric and health data, signaling the need of different intervention strategies to raise awareness in this group for the need of modifications.

scholarly journals Stages of Change for Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Japanese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Da-Hong Wang ◽  
Michiko Kogashiwa ◽  
Naoko Mori ◽  
Shikibu Yamashita ◽  
Wakako Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maintenance Stage

OBJECTIVE: Thhis study aimed to investigate the reason why people choose to consume less vegetable and fruit through examining how the stage of change and psycho-social parameters relate to vegetable and fruit intake. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study in 4 regions of Japan in which 2308 individuals (1012 men and 1296 women) aged 18 years or older who completed the questionnaires were included in the study. RESULTS: The results showed 56% of the participants were in the precontemplation stage (not thinking about consuming recommended amount of fruit and vegetable) and their average amounts of vegetable and fruit intake were far below the level of current recommendations, and subjects in the precontemplation stage showed lower scores of attitude and self efficacy. Men were more likely to be in precontemplation (67.7%) and less likely to be in action/maintenance stage (7.9%) than women (46.9%, 12.1%, respectively) (p < 0.001). We also observed the scores of attitude (p = 0.06) and self-efficacy (p < 0.01) rose as the stage went up from the precontemplation to action/maintenance for increasing vegetable and fruit intake. Moreover, a linear trend was found toward higher vegetable (p < 0.05) and fruit (p = 0.121) intake from precontemplation to action/maintenance stage. CONCLUSION: The present evidence suggests more attention should be focused on strategy for perceptions of personal need for recommended amount of vegetable and fruit intake for those who are in the precontemplation stage. Moreover, effective programs on enhancement of self-efficacy and attitude toward vegetable and fruit consumption are needed for increasing the vegetable and fruit intake.

Prediction of Physical Activity Level Using Processes of Change From the Transtheoretical Model: Experiential, Behavioral, or an Interaction Effect?

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Jérôme Romain ◽  
Caroline Horwath ◽  
Paquito Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to compare prediction of physical activity (PA) by experiential or behavioral processes of change (POCs) or an interaction between both types of processes. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: This study was conducted using an online questionnaire. Participants: A total of 394 participants (244 women, 150 men), with a mean age of 35.12 ± 12.04 years and a mean body mass index of 22.97 ± 4.25 kg/m2 were included. Measures: Participants completed the Processes of Change, Stages of Change questionnaires, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to evaluate self-reported PA level (total, vigorous, and moderate PA). Analysis: Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to test the prediction of PA level. Results: For both total PA (β = .261; P < .001) and vigorous PA (β = .297; P < .001), only behavioral POCs were a significant predictor. Regarding moderate PA, only the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was a significant predictor (β = .123; P = .017). Conclusion: Our results provide confirmation that behavioral processes are most prominent in PA behavior. Nevertheless, it is of interest to note that the interaction between experiential and behavioral POCs was the only element predicting moderate PA level. Experiential processes were not associated with PA level.

scholarly journals Seven in every ten khat chewers in Gondar City had an intention to stop khat chewing: cross-sectional study using Transtheoretical Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmamaw Adugna ◽  
Telake Azale ◽  
Simegnew Handebo
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Khat chewing practice is rapidly expanding worldwide and currently, an estimated over 10 million people chew khat daily. The transtheoretical model explains how behavior change occurs across the stages of change. So, this study aimed at assessing the intention to stop khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 in Gondar City, northwest Ethiopia. Six hundred five khat chewers participated in the study from six randomly selected kebeles. The data were collected using structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression models were fitted. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-values less than 0.05 were used to declare a significant association. Results Of the study participants, 69.3% (95% CI: 65.8–72.9) had the intention to stop khat chewing within 6 months or before. The majority of the participants (55.4%) were at the contemplation stage. Higher self-reevaluation [AOR = 2.8, (95%CI: 1.6–5.0)], environmental reevaluation [AOR = 1.9, (95%CI: 1.1–3.3)] and social liberation [AOR = 1.8, (95% CI: 1.0–3.1)] were associated with intention to quit khat chewing. In addition, using additional substances daily, khat dependency, and early age initiation of khat chewing were associated with lower intention to quit khat chewing. Conclusion The majority of the khat chewers had the intention to quit khat chewing. Increased self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation process of changes were associated with enhanced intention of quitting khat chewing. Thus, stage-based interventions should be done to inspire khat chewers to realize their motivation of stopping khat chewing.

Construct Validity of Stages of Change for Exercise Behavior

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Cardinal
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Dependent Variables

Purpose. Previous research examining the transtheoretical model of behavior change within the exercise domain has been limited by use of self-report measures exclusively and inconsistent practices with regard to stage of exercise assessment. The present study was designed to partially circumvent these limitations and extend the current literature by determining the degree of association among stage of exercise and body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise behavior, relapse, barriers, and self-efficacy, after controlling for several potential confounders. Design. A descriptive, cross-sectional study. Subjects. Two hundred thirty-five adults (M age = 34.7 years) volunteered to participate. Measures. Participants were classified by stage of exercise and compared on two behavioral, two biometrical, and three psychological variables while statistically controlling for social desirability and demographic differences. Results. Significant between-stage differences were found for the overall set of dependent variables (p <.0001) and for each dependent variable separately (p <.01). The proportion of variance accounted for by the dependent variables ranged from .06 to .53. Conclusions. This study offers objective support for the stage-of-change model within the exercise domain. By acknowledging and accurately assessing stage of exercise, researchers and clinicians may be able to improve physical activity promotion efforts.

Using the Stage-Based Approaches to Predict Breast Self-Examination Among Rural Vietnamese Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Mi Kim ◽  
Hyeonkyeong Lee ◽  
Jong-Gun Kim ◽  
Tuong Vi Ho ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Self Examination

A stages-of-change approach would be helpful to understand cancer screening behaviors. This study aimed to identify the compliance and determinants of breast self-examination (BSE) based on transtheoretical model (TTM) and health belief model (HBM). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 296 rural Vietnamese women using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of Champion’s HBM scales, breast cancer knowledge (BCK), integrated connection to neighborhood storytelling networks (ICSN), and TTM stages of BSE. A generalized ordered logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with TTM stages of BSE. About 61% of women did not currently perform BSE. Perceived benefit was significant in all stages changes. When changing to the action stage, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and BCK were significant. When changing to the maintenance stage, perceived susceptibility, benefits, self-efficacy, and ICSN were significant. Determinants influencing BSE behavior were different in each TTM stage, indicating that educational programs should be introduced with stage-matched strategies to increase BSE.

Prevalence and associated factors of skipping breakfast among university students from 28 countries: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

AbstractBackgroundSkipping breakfast can negatively affect one's health.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of skipping breakfast among university students in 28 countries.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional study design, 21,958 university students with a median age of 20 years from 28 mainly low – and middle-income countries, replied to self-reported measures of breakfast consumption, health risk behaviours, mental health measures and protective factors.ResultsIndicates that 48.0% of students skipped breakfast (never, rarely or sometimes had breakfast). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, living away from home, perceived overweight, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, short sleep, long sleep, depression and in a physical fight were associated with infrequent and/or frequent skipping breakfast.ConclusionAlmost two in five students skipped breakfast, and several factors were identified that can be targeted in intervention programmes.

scholarly journals The potential role of local pharmacies to assess asthma control: an Italian cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Caminati ◽  
L. Cegolon ◽  
M. Bacchini ◽  
N. Segala ◽  
A. Dama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Disease Community

Abstract Background Asthma control and monitoring still represents a challenge worldwide. Although the international guidelines suggest the interplay between secondary and primary care services as an effective strategy to control the disease, community pharmacies’ are seldom involved in asthma control assessment. The present cross-sectional study aimed at providing a picture of the relationship between asthma severity and control in community pharmacies within the health district of the city of Verona (Veneto Region, North-Eastern Italy). Methods A call for participation was launched through the Pharmacists’ Association of Verona. Patients referring to the participating pharmacies with an anti-asthmatic drug medical prescription and an asthma exemption code were asked to complete the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and a brief questionnaire collecting information on their age, sex, smoking status, aerobic physical exercise and usual asthma therapy, which also defined asthma severity. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to investigate the risk of uncontrolled as well as poorly controlled vs. controlled asthma (base). Results were expressed as relative risk ratios (RRR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results Fifty-seven community pharmacies accepted to participate and 584 asthmatic patients (54% females; mean-age: 51 ± 19 years) were consecutively recruited from 1st January to 30th June 2018 (6 months). Based upon ACT score 50.5% patients had a controlled asthma, 22.3% a poorly controlled and 27.2% uncontrolled. A variable proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma were observed for every level of severity, although more frequently with mild persistent form of asthma. Most patients (92%) self-reported regular compliance with therapy. At multinomial regression analysis, patients under regular asthma treatment course (RRR = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.15; 0.77) were less likely to have an ACT< 16 compared to those not taking medications regularly. Conclusions Overall, our findings highlighted an unsatisfactory asthma control in the general population, independently of the severity level of the disease. Community pharmacies could be a useful frontline interface between patients and the health care services, supporting an effective asthma management plan, from disease assessment and monitoring treatment compliance to referral of patients to specialist medical consultancies.

scholarly journals Awareness and outcomes of the fruits and veggies (FNV) campaign to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among targeted audiences in California and Virginia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa R. Englund ◽  
Valisa E. Hedrick ◽  
Sofía Rincón-Gallardo Patiño ◽  
Lauren E. Kennedy ◽  
Kathryn W. Hosig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Abstract Background In 2015, the Partnership for a Healthier America launched the branded Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign to apply a unique industry-inspired marketing approach to promote fruit and vegetable sales and intake to moms and teens in two US pilot markets: Fresno, California and Hampton Roads, Virginia. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to: 1) assess brand awareness and fruit- and vegetable-related outcomes among FNV Campaign target audiences in the California and Virginia market locations; and 2) examine whether reported awareness of the FNV Campaign was associated with differences in fruit- and vegetable-related cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Methods Data for this cross-sectional study were collected using an online survey administered to a non-probability convenience sample (n = 1604; February–July 2017) of youth aged 14–20 years (n = 744) and moms aged 21–36 years (n = 860) in the two pilot markets. Descriptive statistics were computed and outcomes compared between unaware and aware respondents, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to assess whether fruit- and vegetable-related attitude, belief, and encouragement outcomes differed by FNV Campaign awareness; logistic regression was used to examine associations between FNV brand awareness and dichotomous variables (fruit- and vegetable-related behavioral intentions, trying new fruits and vegetables); and ANCOVA was used to assess associations with daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency. Results Approximately 20% (n = 315/1604) of respondents reported awareness of the FNV Campaign. Youth that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 167, 22.4%) had higher intentions to buy (p = 0.003) and eat (p = 0.009) fruits and vegetables than unaware respondents. Mothers that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 148, 17.2%) reported greater encouragement for friends and family to eat fruits and vegetables (p = 0.013) and were approximately 1.5 times more likely to report trying a new fruit or vegetable (p = 0.04) than mothers unaware of the Campaign. Daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency did not differ by Campaign awareness. Conclusions FNV Campaign awareness was associated with limited but positive short- and intermediate-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes among target audience respondents. These findings can inform future research to enhance understanding and improve the FNV Campaign as it is expanded to new markets nationwide.

scholarly journals Characteristics of those most vulnerable to employment changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationally representative cross-sectional study in Wales

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216030
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Gray ◽  
Richard G Kyle ◽  
Jiao Song ◽  
Alisha R Davies
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe public health response to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a detrimental impact on employment and there are concerns the impact may be greatest among the most vulnerable. We examined the characteristics of those who experienced changes in employment status during the early months of the pandemic.MethodsData were collected from a cross-sectional, nationally representative household survey of the working age population (18–64 years) in Wales in May/June 2020 (n=1379). We looked at changes in employment and being placed on furlough since February 2020 across demographics, contract type, job skill level, health status and household factors. χ2 or Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models examined associations between demographics, subgroups and employment outcomes.ResultsOf our respondents, 91.0% remained in the same job in May/June 2020 as they were in February 2020, 5.7% were now in a new job and 3.3% experienced unemployment. In addition, 24% of our respondents reported being placed on furlough. Non-permanent contract types, individuals who reported low mental well-being and household financial difficulties were all significant factors in experiencing unemployment. Being placed on ‘furlough’ was more likely in younger (18–29 years) and older (60–64 years) workers, those in lower skilled jobs and from households with less financial security.ConclusionA number of vulnerable population groups were observed to experience detrimental employment outcomes during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted support is needed to mitigate against both the direct impacts on employment, and indirect impacts on financial insecurity and health.

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