scholarly journals Phosphorus availability as a function of its time of contact with different soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 996-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemmannuella C. Santos ◽  
Fábio H. T. de Oliveira ◽  
Adailson P. de Souza ◽  
Ignácio H. Salcedo ◽  
Valério D. M. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
P Content ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Labile P ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) availability is related to soil sorption capacity and is relevant to planning P fertilization and evaluating its residual effect. The aim of this work was to evaluate the P availability to maize plants after different incubation times of six soils from Paraíba state. For this, four doses of P (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg dm-3) were applied in samples of six soils for 0, 30, 60, 90, 180, 240 and 360 days. After the incubation time, the soil samples received fertilization with macro and micronutrients and were cultivated with maize for 35 days, when they were harvested and analyzed to verify dry matter and P content in soil. The increase in the time of contact of P with the soil decreased P availability to plants; however, the formation of non-labile P was negligible in most soils. After 360 days of incubation, between 26 and 71% of P applied at the highest dose was recovered.

scholarly journals Phosphorus bioavailability in soybean grown after pasture under different fertility regimes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Diogo Néia Eberhardt ◽  
Thierry Becquer ◽  
Robélio Leandro Marchão ◽  
Pedro Rodolfo Vendrame ◽  
Lourival Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Residual P ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Pasture Fertilization ◽  
P Bioavailability

The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of phosphorus (P) fertilizer applied to an Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk pasture on the P bioavailability to the following soybean crop. Low-productivity pasture, planted on an Oxisol in an experimental field at Embrapa Cerrados, was divided into three strips, each of 1.5 ha and fertilized by broadcasting annual applications of 0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 of P2O5 for four years. After the pasture was desiccate with herbicide, soybeans were sown and fertilized with 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1 of P2O5 applied within each strip, making a total of nine (3x3) P treatments. Residual available P content (Mehlich-1 and resin) from the pasture fertilization was lower than from soybean fertilization. However, the bioavailable residual P from the pasture, determined by P accumulated in plants, production of dry matter and grain yield, had similar availability to inorganic P applied to the soybean. Early P fertilization applied to pasture is technically feasible and can be used to maintain the pasture: it is recommended to replace corrective fertilization for following soybean crops.

scholarly journals Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A.M. PEREIRA ◽  
L.H. BARCELLOS JR. ◽  
V.A. GONÇALVES ◽  
D.V. SILVA ◽  
A.T. FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.

scholarly journals Phosphate adsorption characteristics of two soils responding differently to P fertilization

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Markku Yli-Halla
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Organic C

The soil samples of the present study originated from two field experiments in which five rates of P (annually 0, 13 or 16, 26 or 32, 47 or 56, 60 or 72 kg P/ha) had been applied for 11 or 12 years. The fields were silty clay soils (Cryochrepts) not differing markedly in pH, contents of clay, organic C, or poorly crystalline Al and Fe oxides. Before the field experiment, the quantities of P extracted with an ammonium acetate solution (pH 4.65) were approximately 6 mg/dm3 in both fields. However, the fields differed considerably in the response of the crop to P fertilization. Phosphorus adsorption by the soil samples was studied by shaking the samples in solutions of different P concentrations (0 —0.5 mg/l). Soil I, showing greater response to P fertilization in the field, adsorbed P considerably more effectively than did soil II. Also the quantities of reversibly adsorbed P were smaller in the subsamples of soil I as compared to those of soil II receiving the same fertilization. Fertilizer P applied during the field experiments had been adsorbed and converted to forms unavailable to plants to a larger extent in soil I, resulting in greater response to P fertilization in this soil. The difference in response to applied P or in residual effect of P fertilization could not be predicted from soil characteristics other than P sorption.

scholarly journals Pb-phytoextraction by maize in a Pb-EDTA treated Oxisol

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Fernando Faria Pereira ◽  
Cleide Aparecida de Abreu ◽  
Solange Romeiro ◽  
Ana Maria Magalhães Andrade Lagôa ◽  
Antônio Paz-González
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Visual Minteq ◽  
Saturation Extract ◽  
High Metal ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Plant Shoots ◽  
Very High

One of the most viable strategies to restore metal contaminated soils is the introduction of plants specialized in their accumulation or able to tolerate very high metal concentrations. This research evaluated: i. the maize as a Pb-accumulator plant; ii. the effects of EDTA-chelating agent for Pb-uptake by maize; iii. amending effect of EDTA on the soil Pb-availability using different extracts. Treatments consisted of Pb rates (100; 200; 350; 1,200 and 2,400 mg kg-1) applied to a Rhodic Hapludox in the form of Pb3(NO)2 with (0.5 g kg-1) and without EDTA. Lead concentrations were determined in maize plant shoots. Soil available Pb was obtained using DTPA, Mehlich-3 and saturation solutions methods. Ionic speciation in the soil solution was performed using the software Visual-Minteq. Although a low t value was found (t <0.70), Pb concentration were high (>1,500 mg kg-1 of Pb) in maize shoots regardless of EDTA addition. Maize plants treated with EDTA had lower dry matter yield, mainly due to toxic levels of Fe and Al of the Oxisol. All extracting solutions were effective to determine available Pb in soil samples, but the saturation extract is a more difficult and time consuming procedure. At low and medium Pb levels, the plants grew less on EDTA, therefore the phytoextration process was less efficient. The addition of EDTA to the soil is not recommended with the purpose of increasing Pb absorption by maize plants.

scholarly journals Phosphorus fractions in soil after successive crops of Pinus taeda L. without fertilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Colpo Gatiboni ◽  
Cristiane Ottes Vargas ◽  
Jackson Adriano Albuquerque ◽  
Jaime Antonio Almeida ◽  
James Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphorus Fractions ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Organic P ◽  
The Third ◽  
P Content ◽  
Inorganic P Fractions ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

ABSTRACT: Pinus cultivation without fertilization is a common practice in southern Brazil, which can induce a decline in the availability of phosphorus (P) in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in phosphorus fractions in a Humic Cambisol subjected to continuous Pinus taeda L. cultivation without fertilization. Two forest stands were evaluated, after 16 years of Pinus cultivation (1st crop) and 49 years (3rd crop), when soil samples were collected (layers 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, and 60-80cm) from six trenches per forest. In soil samples, the P contained in organic (Po) and inorganic (Pi) forms was determined by sequential chemical fractionation. Labile inorganic P fractions remained unchanged after the different cultivation periods. However, the labile organic fractions declined from the first to the third cycle (from 70.6 to 39.8mg dm-3 in the 0-10cm layer), indicating that these forms influence the buffering capacity of labile Pi. The moderately labile organic P acted as a P drain, increasing its percentage of the total, from 34.7 to 56.3%, from the first to the third crop. Soil cultivation for 49 years with Pinus taeda resulted in a reduction of the organic P content, indicating that for this soil use, this P form should be used to diagnose P availability and fertilization requirements.

scholarly journals Residual effect of mixture of glyphosate and 2,4-D in winter maize in different soil textures

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schaianne A. Gomes ◽  
Sayonara A. do C. M. Arantes ◽  
Ednaldo A. de Andrade ◽  
Kelte R. Arantes ◽  
Daniela N. Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT To increase the efficiency in the control of weeds, it is common the use of a mixture of the herbicides glyphosate and 2,4-D in the desiccation. This paper aimed to evaluate the residual effect of these two herbicides on the development of maize plants, in soils of different textures. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in 2015, in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 2 x 7 factorial scheme, corresponding to two soils (Red Yellow Latosol and Quartzarenic Neosol), two herbicide application times (5 and 10 days before maize sowing) and seven doses of herbicides (recommended dose of glyphosate, recommended dose of 2,4-D; mixing the recommended doses of glyphosate and 2,4-D; two, ten and fifty times the recommended doses in admixture; and one control), with 4 replicates. After emergence of maize plants, the following variables were evaluated: phytotoxicity, plant height, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, shoot fresh and dry matter and root dry matter. In general, there was lower residual effect on the Red Yellow Latosol at all the doses of the herbicides and in the interval of 10 days between the desiccation and sowing.

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AND AVAILABILITY IN A HAPLIC PLINTHOSOL UNDER NO-TILLAGE SYSTEM IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Ricardo Rotta ◽  
Helder Barbosa Paulino ◽  
Ibanor Anghinoni ◽  
Edicarlos Damacena de Souza ◽  
Guilherme Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
P Availability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
No Till ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
P Content ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Anthropic Influence ◽  
Labile P

Soil use and fertilizer management as well as cropping systems influence phosphorus (P) availability in the soil. This study evaluated P fractions and availability in a chronosequence of anthropic influence in a Haplic Plinthosol, in sites under no-till for different time periods: seven (NT7), eleven (NT11), and sixteen (NT16) years. Labile P concentrations in the soil accounted for 10%, 8%, and 9% of the total P for treatments NT7, NT11, and NT16, respectively. The labile P values ranged between 99 and 122 mg dm-3andindicatied no time in no-tillage influence on labile P under in the studied Plinthosol. However, moderately labile P contents increased with time: NT7 < NT11 < NT16 (237, 341, and 375 mg dm-3, respectively). This increased followed the elevation in iron oxide contents, indicating a relationship between mineralogy and P accumulation. Regardless of no-tillage period, P contents extracted by Mehlich-1 were lower, underestimating the available P content, when compared with the extraction using a P selective resin. The stocks of labile P were sufficient to maintain high crop yields, according to the recommendations for the Cerrado region. Even if labile P contents are reduced, when adopting no-till system, the contents and stocks of P in the soil after several years were high enough to provide for adequate crop yields.

scholarly journals Effect of biochar addition on legacy phosphorus availability in long-term cultivated arid soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled D. Alotaibi ◽  
Melissa Arcand ◽  
Noura Ziadi
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Arid Soil ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
P Content ◽  
Labile P

Abstract Background Continuous application of phosphorus (P) nutrient in association with its low recovery results in large amounts of P being accumulated in soil in different forms. Use of biochar can be a possible means to mobilize soil legacy P and increase its bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the potential impact of a range of biochar types on P fractions in a long-term cultivated arid soil with high legacy P content. Methodology The soil was treated with biochar produced from four feedstock sources (BFS): sewage sludge (SSB), olive mill pomace (OPB), chicken manure (CMB), and date palm residues (DRB) pyrolyzed at 300, 500, or 700 °C in addition to an untreated control. The soil biochar mixture was incubated for 1 month followed by soil P fractionations using sequential chemical extraction to separate soil P into: labile (Resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po), moderately labile (NaOH-Pi, NaOH-Po), and non-labile (HCl-Pi and Residual-P) pools. Results Biochar addition clearly influenced most of the soil P fractions; however, the extent of this effect greatly varied depending on BFS and pyrolysis temperature (PT). The most evident biochar impact was observed with labile P pool, with the greatest increase being observed in NaHCO3-Pi fraction in most biochar treatments. Irrespective of PT, SSB and CMB were the most effective biochar type in increasing labile inorganic P; the SSB and CMB increased Resin-Pi by 77 and 206% and NaHCO3-Pi by 200 and 188%, respectively. In contrast, DRB made no changes in any P fraction. Differences in effects of biochar types on labile P is presumably related to the higher content of P in biowaste-based biochar compared to plant-based biochar which have much lower P content. The SSB, CMB, and OPB produced at low temperature reduced HCl-Pi content, indicating that these biochars may have stimulated organic matter decomposition and thereby dissolution of non-labile Ca-associated P to labile P forms. Conclusion Overall, biochar addition appeared to be an effective approach in enhancing legacy P availability in arid soil. However, further studies are necessary to verify these findings in the presence of plant and for a longer period. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Growing vegetables in succession in different soils and doses of phosphorus in an organomineral fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 806-813
Author(s):  
Dinamar Márcia da S. Vieira ◽  
Reginaldo de Camargo ◽  
Jose Luiz R. Torres ◽  
Adriane de A. Silva ◽  
Regina M. Q. Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual concentration from the application of levels of phosphorus contained in an organomineral fertilizer (OMF) in two soils cultivated with cabbage and lettuce in succession. In randomized blocks, five doses of OMF were used as a source of P in Oxisol (0, 50, 100, 200, and 300% of the P dose was recommended for cabbage crop using OMF), plus an additional treatment (100% mineral). The doses applied to the Entisol were as follows: 0, 50, 100, 200, and 300% of the recommended P dose with OMF for cabbage crop, plus an additional treatment (100% mineral), with four repetitions. The production of fresh matter (FM) and dry matter (DM), the nutritional status of the cabbage and lettuce, and the residual effect of nutrients in the soil were also evaluated. The P concentration in the soil increased (p ≤ 0.05) with higher doses of OMF in the Oxisol in the two cycles evaluated. However, this occurred only in the first cycle in the Entisol. Using the 50% dose of OMF in the cabbage in both soils provided FM and DM production values that were at least 11% higher than those attained with mineral fertilizer.

scholarly journals Long-Term Impact of Phosphorous Fertilization on Yield and Alternate Bearing in Intensive Irrigated Olive Cultivation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Amnon Haberman ◽  
Arnon Dag ◽  
Ran Erel ◽  
Isaac Zipori ◽  
Nerya Shtern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
P Content ◽  
Olive Cultivation ◽  
Leaf P

Phosphorus (P) availability significantly impacts olive tree reproductive development and consequential fruit production. However, the importance of P fertilization in olive cultivation is not clear, and P application is usually recommended only after P deficiency is identified. In order to determine the long-term impacts of continuous P fertilization in intensive irrigated olive cultivation, the growth and production of trees in an intensive orchard with or without P fertilization were evaluated over six consecutive seasons. Withholding of P resulted in significant reduction in soil P quantity and availability. Under lower P availability, long-term fruit production was significantly impaired due to reduced flowering and fruit set. In addition, trees under conditions of low P were characterized by higher alternate bearing fluctuations. Olive tree vegetative growth was hardly affected by P fertilizer level. The impairment of tree productivity was evident in spite of the fact that leaf P content in the treatment without P fertilization did not decrease below commonly reported and accepted thresholds for P deficiency. This implies that the leaf P content sufficiency threshold for intensive olive orchards should be reconsidered. The results demonstrate the negative impact of insufficient P fertilization and signify the need for routine P fertilization in intensive olive cultivation.

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