scholarly journals Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients in two irrigated wheat cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
Tonny J. A. da Silva ◽  
Edna M. Bonfim-Silva ◽  
William Fenner ◽  
Thiago F. Duarte ◽  
Jefferson V. José ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Irrigated Wheat ◽  
Crop Coefficients

ABSTRACT In the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, wheat is an alternative to the current production system, mainly in irrigated crops, with new cultivars improved for this environment and system. The objective was to determine the evapotranspiration of the irrigated wheat crop and the dual coefficients of cultivars for the Brazilian Midwest. The experiment was conducted in the field using 12 weighing lysimeters and mini-lysimeters, filled by soil monoliths. The wheat cultivars BRS-254 and BRS-394 were used in the first and second years, respectively. Reference evapotranspiration was obtained by the Penman-Monteith equation and crop evapotranspiration by the mass difference in the lysimeters. Basal crop coefficient and soil water evaporation coefficient were determined according to the crop development stages in both years of cultivation. The mean ETc and ETo values were 3.87, 3.49 mm d-1 and 4.10 and 3.23 mm d-1, respectively, in the first and second cultivation cycles, with higher values of ETc recorded in the reproductive stages of the crop, flowering and grain filling. The basal crop coefficients and soil water evaporation coefficients estimated by weighing lysimeters composed of soil monoliths are: Kcb - 0.42, 0.78, 0.94, 0.74 and 0.47 and Ke - 0.72, 0.52, 0.39, 0.58 and 0.13 for the cultivar BRS-254, and Kcb - 0.28, 0.27, 0.65, 0.98 and 0.66 and Ke - 1.04, 0.96, 0.65, 0.34 and 0.51 for the cultivar BRS-394, at the stages of emergence, tillering, flowering, maturation and harvest, respectively.

scholarly journals Determination of wheat crop coefficient (Kc) and soil water evaporation (Ke) in Maringa, PR, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (44) ◽  
pp. 4551-4558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Demeneck Vieira Paulo ◽  
Sergio Lourenco de Freitas Paulo ◽  
Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da Silva Andre ◽  
Takao Hashiguti Heraldo ◽  
Rezende Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Wheat Crop

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration and its components over a rainfed spring maize cropland under plastic film on the Loess Plateau, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e1205
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Fengxue Gu ◽  
Daozhi Gong ◽  
Weiping Hao ◽  
Jianmin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Eddy Covariance System

Aim of study: To determine seasonal variations in evapotranspiration (ET) and its components; and ascertain the key factors controlling ET and its components in a rainfed spring maize field under plastic film.Area of study: Shouyang County in Shanxi Province on the eastern Loess Plateau, ChinaMaterial and methods: Eddy covariance system combined with micro-lysimeters and meteorological observing instruments were used in the field. The manual method was used to measure the green leaf area index (GLAI) during the growing season.Main results: In 2015 and 2016, the growing season ET accounted for 80% and 79% of annual ET, respectively. Soil evaporation (E) accounted for 36% and 33% of the growing season ET in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The daily crop coefficient increased with increasing GLAI until a threshold of ~3 m2 m−2 in the canopy-increasing stage, and decreased linearly with decreasing GLAI in the canopy-decreasing stage. At equivalent GLAI, daily basal crop coefficient and soil water evaporation coefficient were generally higher in the canopy-increasing and -decreasing stages, respectively. During the growing season, the most important factor controlling daily ET, T, and E was net radiation (Rn), followed by GLAI for daily ET and T, and soil water content at 10-cm depth for daily E; during the non-growing season, daily ET was mainly controlled by Rn.Research highlights: The daily crop coefficient and its components reacted differently to GLAI in the canopy-increasing and -decreasing stages.

scholarly journals Soil water evaporation under densities of coverage with vegetable residue

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gava ◽  
Paulo S. L. de Freitas ◽  
Rogério T. de Faria ◽  
Roberto Rezende ◽  
José A. Frizzone
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Dry Seasons

This study was conducted at the Agronomic Institute of Paraná (IAPAR) in Londrina, State of Paraná (PR), Brazil (latitude 23º18'S, longitude 51º09'W and average altitude of 585 m). The local climate, according to the classification of Köeppen, is Cfa type, i.e., humid subtropical climate, with rain in all seasons and can occur dry seasons during the winter. It was determined soil evaporation (E) under different coverage densities with residue from the wheat crop. The treatments were installed in weighting lysimeters of 2.66 m² and 1.3 m deep, which allows to determine E by the mass difference with measuring precision of 0.1mm at one hour intervals. Treatments consisted of 0; 2.5; 5 and 10 t ha-1 of wheat crop residues, placed evenly over each lysimeter. In the first cycle (September 22nd to October 20th, 2008), the reduction of E, as compared to a bare soil, was 4; 15 and 24%, while in the second cycle (December 1st to 30th, 2008), the reduction was of 15; 22 and 25%, respectively, for the treatments of 2.5; 5 and 10 t ha-1.

scholarly journals Performance of Drainage Lysimeters for the Evaluation of Water Use by Asian Pears

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Chalmers ◽  
Preston K. Andrews ◽  
Kevin M. Harris ◽  
Ewen A. Cameron ◽  
Horst W. Caspari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Pyrus Serotina ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Soil Water Distribution

The design of a type of drainage lysimeter, as tested with trees of Pyrus serotina Rehder var. culta Rehder `Hosui' is described. All lysimeter operations and monitoring of irrigation and drainage volumes were managed by a “multi-tasking” controller/datalogger. It was possible to apply different irrigation levels to each of three sets of four random lysimeters. Evapotranspiration (ET) was calculated using a conservation of water equation, with differences between irrigation inputs and drainage outputs corrected for changes in soil-water content. ET ranged between 3.3 and 10.7 liters/tree per day in well-watered, noncropped trees in late Summer and Fall 1990. These rates correspond to ET of 0.13 to 0.43 liter·cm-2·day-1 and 0.96 to 3.10 liters·m-2·day-1 on trunk cross-sectional area and canopy area bases, respectively. The correlation coefficient between ET and Class A pan evaporation was >0.9 during this period. Weekly crop coefficients for the well-watered trees averaged 0.52 when calculated on a canopy-area basis. When irrigation was withheld for 18 days, the crop coefficient declined to 0.38. There were no differences in ET between trees growing in the two soil profiles, despite significant differences in soil water distribution.

COEFICIENTES DE CULTURA PARA O TOMATEIRO IRRIGADO

Irriga ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio José De Santana ◽  
Uander Da Costa Pereira ◽  
José Daniel Cambraia Beirigo ◽  
Stefany Silva De Souza ◽  
Talita Mendes Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Class A ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Class A Pan

1 RESUMO Um dos métodos de manejo da irrigação mais utilizado é o tanque classe A, necessitando dos valores dos coeficientes de cultura para cálculo da evapotranspiração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de cultura (Kc) do tomateiro irrigado para a região de Uberaba, MG. Os dados do balanço de água no solo foram obtidos em uma área experimental com a cultura em tratamentos envolvendo níveis de reposição de água no solo (40%, 70%, 100%, 130%, 160% e 190% da lâmina necessária para elevar a umidade do solo para a condição equivalente à capacidade de campo). Os dados de tensão de água no solo foram coletados nas parcelas de 100% de reposição. A evapotranspiração de referência foi obtida pelo método do tanque classe A e a evapotranspiração da cultura por meio do balanço da água no solo. Concluiu-se que os valores de Kc para as fases inicial, desenvolvimento, intermediário, final e colheita foram, respectivamente, de 0,37; 0,72; 1,03; 1,10 e 0,75. UNITERMOS: Lycopersicon esculentum L., coeficiente de cultura, déficit hídrico.  SANTANA, M.J.; PEREIRA, U.C.; BEIRIGO, J.D.C.; SOUZA, S.S.; CAMPOS, T.M.;VIEIRA, T.A. CROP COEFFICIENT FOR IRRIGATED TOMATO  2 ABSTRACT One of the most utilized irrigation management methods is the class A Pan, which requires crop coefficients to estimate crop evapotranspiration. The objective of this work was to determine crop coefficients  (Kc) of irrigated tomato in the region of Uberaba, MG. Soil water balance data were obtained in an experimental area with the culture under six levels of soil water replacement (40%, 70%, 100%, 130%, 160% and 190% of the depth necessary to raise the soil moisture to the field capacity condition). The soil water tension data were collected in plots of 100% replacement. The reference evapotranspiration was obtained by the class A Pan method and culture evapotranspiration was obtained utilizing soil water balance. Kc values for the initial, development, intermediate, final, and harvest phases were respectively of  0.37; 0.72; 1.03; 1.10 and 0.75. KEY- WORDS: LycopersiconesculentumL., crop coefficient, water deficit.

scholarly journals Implementing Standardized Reference Evapotranspiration and Dual Crop Coefficient Approach in the DSSAT Cropping System Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1965-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall C. DeJonge ◽  
Kelly R. Thorp
Keyword(s):  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
System Model ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Reference Et

Abstract. While methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo or ETr) and subsequent crop ET (ETc) via crop coefficient (Kc) and dual crop coefficient (Kcb, Ke) methods have been standardized since 2005 and 1998, respectively, the current version of the DSSAT cropping system model (CSM) has not been updated to fully implement these methods. In this study, two major enhancements to the model’s ET routines were evaluated: (1) addition of the ASCE Standardized Reference Evapotranspiration Equation so that both grass and alfalfa reference ET were properly calculated using the most recent reference ET standard and (2) addition of the FAO-56 dual crop coefficient approach to determine potential ET, which combined an evaporative coefficient (Ke) for potential evaporation with a dynamic basal crop coefficient (Kcb) for potential transpiration as a function of simulated leaf area index. Previously published data sets for maize in Colorado (five years) and cotton in Arizona (seven years) were used to parameterize the model. Simulations of ETo were compared to outputs from Ref-ET software, and simulated crop coefficients were contrasted among three crop coefficient methods: the current approach (Kcs), a previously published adjustment to the model’s Kc equation (Kcd), and a new dual Kc approach that follows FAO-56 explicitly (Kcb). Results showed that crop coefficient simulations with the new ETo-Kcb method better mimicked theoretical behavior, including spikes in the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) due to irrigation and rainfall events and basal crop coefficient response as associated with simulated crop growth. Simulated ETc and yield with the new ETo-Kcb method were up to 4% higher and 28% lower for cotton and up to 13% higher and 26% lower for maize, respectively, than that with the current ETo-Kcs method, indicating that the seasonal ETc effects were minimal while yield effects were more substantial. Use of FAO-56 concepts and current ET standards in DSSAT-CSM demonstrated a well-accepted ET benchmark to guide assessment of other ET methods in the model and made the model much more conceptually relevant to irrigation and ET specialists. Keywords: Cotton, DSSAT, Evaporation, Evapotranspiration, FAO-56, Maize, Reference crop ET, Standardization, Transpiration.

scholarly journals Dual Crop Coefficient Approach in Vitis vinifera L. cv. LOUREIRO

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2062
Author(s):  
Simão P. Silva ◽  
M. Isabel Valín ◽  
Susana Mendes ◽  
Claúdio Araujo-Paredes ◽  
Javier J. Cancela
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient

Vineyard irrigation management in temperate zones requires knowledge of the crop water requirements, especially in the context of climate change. The main objective of this work was to estimate the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of Vitis vinifera cv. Loureiro for local conditions, applying the dual crop coefficient approach. The study was carried out in a vineyard during two growing seasons (2019–2020). Three irrigation treatments, full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI), and rainfed (R), were considered. The ETc was estimated using the SIMDualKc model, which performs the soil water balance with the dual Kc approach. This balance was performed by calculating the basal coefficients for the grapevine (Kcb crop) and the active soil ground cover (Kcb gcover), which represent the transpiration component of ETc and the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke). The model was calibrated and validated by comparing the simulated soil water content (SWC) with the soil water content data measured with frequency domain reflectometry (FDR). A suitable adjustment between the simulated and observed SWC was obtained for the 2019 R strategy when the model was calibrated. As for the vine crop, the best fit was obtained for Kcb full ini = 0.33, Kcb full mid = 0.684, and Kcb full end = 0.54. In this sense, the irrigation schedule must adjust these coefficients to local conditions to achieve economically and environmentally sustainable production.

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration and Dual Crop Coefficient of Maize Second Season Intercropped with Crotalaria

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Daniel ◽  
Rivanildo Dallacort ◽  
João Danilo Barbieri ◽  
Marco Antônio Camillo de Carvalho ◽  
Santino Seabra Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
The State ◽  
State University ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Phenological Phases

The objective of this work was to determine the dual coefficient of culture (Kc) of maize in monoculture and intercropping systems, as well as to evaluate the influence of intercropping on evapotranspiration and productive characteristics of maize second season. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the State University of Mato Grosso - UNEMAT in 2018, with three treatments: T1 - maize monoculture; T2 - Crotalaria monoculture and T3 - maize + Crotalaria. The crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of maize, Crotalaria, and maize + Crotalaria intercropping was determined daily by weight variation of weighing lysimeters, converted into mm day-1. The methodology used was that of dual Kc - FAO 56, dividing the crop coefficient (Kc), in soil evaporation coefficient (Ke), determined in microlysimeters, and basal crop coefficient (Kcb), determined in weighing lysimeters. The phenological phases of the maize crop were observed to determine the coefficients in the different developmental stages, being the Kc, Kcb, Ke in the phases: Initial (I), Development (II), Intermediate (III) and Final (IV). The accumulated culture evapotranspiration was 312.00; 436.16 and 422.38 mm and daily averages of 2.86; 4.00- and 3.88-mm d-1, respectively for monoculture maize, for Crotalaria and for intercropping. The Kc values for each phase of maize development in intercropping with crotalaria were: I (1.46); II (1.48); III (1.59) and IV (0.94). For maize monoculture, dual Kc values were: I (1.24), II (1.30), III (1.00) and IV (1.11) and for Crotalaria monoculture were: I (1.77), II (1.59), III (1.56) and IV (1.05).

scholarly journals Dual crop coefficient of common bean in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Fenner ◽  
Rivanildo Dallacort ◽  
Paulo S. L. de Freitas ◽  
Cleonir A. Faria Júnior ◽  
Marco A. C. de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Evaporation Coefficient ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Common Bean Cultivar ◽  
Coefficient Of Uniformity

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the dual crop coefficient of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for Tangará da Serra-MT, Brazil. The study used the FAO-56 dual kc method, dividing the kc into soil evaporation coefficient (ke), determined in microlysimeters, and basal crop coefficient (kcb), determined in weighing lysimeters. The study was conducted from July 10 (sowing) to October 6, 2014 (harvest), using the common bean cultivar 'BRS Estilo' and a sprinkler irrigation system with a coefficient of uniformity greater than 80%. The total rainfall and irrigation during the crop cycle (84 days) was 524.8 mm; the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) estimated for the period was 327.9 mm, whereas the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) accumulated during the cycle, determined in lysimeters, was equal to 477.5 mm. The kcb values determined for the initial, full development and final stages were 0.32, 1.10 and 0.81, respectively, while for ke, the respective values were 0.85, 0.40 and 0.53.

Evapotranspiration and simulation of soil water movement in small area vegetation

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paraskevas ◽  
P. Georgiou ◽  
A. Ilias ◽  
A. Panoras ◽  
C. Babajimopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Free Drainage ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Bare Soils ◽  
Oasis Effect

Abstract In Greece, crops are frequently cultivated in small isolated areas in close proximity to roads and bare soils and therefore evapotranspiration is affected by local advection. Under these circumstances, oasis effect conditions are present and evapotranspiration is higher than what is expected. In this paper, the evapotranspiration and soil water dynamics of a cotton crop cultivated in small areas under the oasis effect is studied. To this end, two isolated free-drainage lysimeters cultivated with cotton in the year 2007 were used. Soil moisture of the soil profile of both the lysimeters was monitored with two capacitance water content probes. The soil water balance method was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration and corresponding crop coefficients in one of the two lysimeters. These coefficients were 75% larger than the FAO-56 crop coefficients at the mid-season stage. The FAO-56 and the derived crop coefficients were used for the simulation of the water dynamics in the second lysimeter by the SWBACROS model. The derived crop coefficients for these conditions produced much better results than the FAO-56 crop coefficients. The results were improved when crop coefficient value equal to 2.5 was used for the mid-season stage.

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