scholarly journals Histological evaluation of capsules formed by texturized silicone implants with and without polyester mesh coverage (Parietex®). A study on female rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Berger ◽  
Jurandir Marcondes Ribas Filho ◽  
Osvaldo Malafaia ◽  
Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif ◽  
Eduardo Nascimento Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Polyester Mesh

Investigation of TAp63 gene Expression and Follicle Count Using Melatonin in Cisplatin-induced Ovarian Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Twenty nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (Group 1), cisplatin group (Group 2), and cisplatin+melatonin group (Group 3). While the rats in Groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in Group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapited. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology. Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (p:0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to Group 2 (p:0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p:0.102 and p:0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to control group (p:0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin+melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p:0.34). Conclusion: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

scholarly journals Histological Evaluation of Brain Tissue in Dyslipidemic Rats Treated with Dietary Supplements Based on Amazonian Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Matheus Vinícius de Souza Carneiro ◽  
Ricardo de Queiroz Freitas ◽  
Lucas Baltar Rodrigues ◽  
Wenberger Lanza Daniel de Figueiredo ◽  
Geane Antiques Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurotoxic Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Amazonian Fruits

Aims: By using histological analysis, the study aims to evaluate the effect of a nutraceutical based on the Amazonian fruits of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) Mc Vaugh), acai (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) and guarana (Paullinia cupana) on the brain tissue (hippocampus) of dyslipidemic rats. Methodology: Preclinical trials were conducted using male and female rats (n=30) of the Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) that were randomly divided into five groups (G) (n=6). G1 was control, G2 was induced to obesity with consumption of experimental feed (hypercaloric and hyperlipidic), G3 was induced to obesity with consumption of experimental feed and treated with simvastatin (50 mg/kg/day), and G4 and G5, which were induced to obesity with the consumption of experimental feed and supplemented with 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day of the formulation, respectively. The study period was 72 days, and, for 37 days, induction to obesity was performed with the experimental feed (hypercaloric and hyperlipidic). During the following weeks, for 35 days, after division of the groups, certain groups received, in parallel, treatment with simvastatin (G3) or supplementation with the nutraceutical (G4 and G5). Subsequently, histological slides of the brain tissue stained with violet cresyl were elaborated, photographed and analyzed. Results: No significant differences were observed between the mean of intact neurons among the experimental groups induced to obesity. The neurotoxic effect, evidenced by the significant difference between the mean of intact neurons between the control group and obesity-induced groups, corroborates the findings of neuronal damage and degenerative processes reported in the literature. Conclusion: The nutraceutical based on Amazonian fruits was not able to prevent the neurotoxic effect arising from the hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diet, and therefore did not present a neuroprotective effect in Wistar rats under the conditions established in the experiment.

scholarly journals Cyclosporine-A induced nephrotoxicity in male and female rats: Is zinc a suitable protective supplement?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2888-2897
Author(s):  
Samira Choopani ◽  
Sayyedehnikta Kasaei ◽  
Ardeshir Talebi ◽  
Mojgan Mortazavi ◽  
Yousef Gheisari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Kidney Transplant Patient ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Tissue Damages

Background: Cyclosporine (CYC) is an immunosuppressant drug used widely in kidney transplant patient. The major side effect of CYC is nephrotoxicity. In this study, three different doses of CYC alone or accompanied with zinc (Zn) supplement were administrated in male and female rats to determine the kidney tissue damages and functions. Methods: Male and female rats were treated with 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day of CYC alone or accompanied with 10 mg /kg/day of Zn sulfate for 10 days. The parameters related to renal function were determined and the kidney tissues were subjected to histological evaluation. Results: All male and female animals were treated with high dose CYC (100 mg/kg/day) alone or accompanied with Zn supplement during the experiment. The data obtained for the serum levels of creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen/Cr ratio, clearance of Cr, kidney weight (KW), sodium (Na) filtration rate, Na excretion rate and Na excretion fraction (%) in surviving animals suggest a role of gender in the variation of these factors. The kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) was increased as the dosage of CYC was elevated, and the Zn supplement attenuated the KTDS in animals treated with low dose CYC (10 mg/kg/day). Conclusion: The CYC-induced nephrotoxicity may be gender-related, and the 10 mg/kg dose of Zn sulphate as a supplement may possibly prevent the induced nephrotoxicity in males due to its antioxidant effects.  

scholarly journals Histopathological alterations in testicular tissue of male rats exposed to arsenic

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Reema Pachnanda ◽  
Shiv Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Testicular Weight

The present study was designed to investigate the adverse effect of arsenic on testicular tissue of Swiss albino male rats. Sodium arsenite was administered to adult male rats by gavage at the doses 1, 2 and 3 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. After the treatment, the testis were processed for histopathological observations. Sodium arsenite caused remarkable reduction in testicular weight (P<0.05), while the body weight of experimental animals were reduced but not significantly (P<0.05). Histological evaluation revealed dose-dependent, gradual destruction in histoarchitecture of testicular tissue. Sodium arsenite exposure caused complete arrest of spermatogenesis with disfigured seminiferous tubules in the testes .The lumens of the tubules were devoid of spermatids and were in places filled with cellular debris. The germinal epithelium was distorted. At places interstitial odema was also evident. Sertoli and Leydig cells were damaged. Along with structural alterations, fertility rate in experimental animals was significantly decreased at higher doses i.e. 2 and 3 mg/kg, as 100% infertility was observed. After withdrawal of the treatment over a period of 30 days, recovery was observed in low dose groups as few female rats became pregnant. The study concluded that exposure of arsenic causes testicular toxicity in male albino rat.

Protective Effect of Intravesical Platelet-Rich Plasma on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Ozyuvali ◽  
ME Yildirim ◽  
T Yaman ◽  
B Kosem ◽  
E Cimentepe
Keyword(s):  
Sham Group ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group A

Purpose: Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is the most common urotoxic side effect of cyclophosphamide (CYP). Platelet rich plasma (PRP) plays an important role in wound healing and inflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravesical PRP at treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC). Methods: Female rats (n=24) were used. IC was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CYP) and rats were randomly allocated to one of four groups (n = 6 per group): A control group; a sham group with saline (75 mg/kg; i.p.) instead of CYP on day 1, IC group, which was injected with CYP (150 mg/kg; i.p.) on day 1; and, an intravesical PRP‑treated group which was injected with CYP (150 mg/kg; i.p.) on day 1. On day 2, the rats in each group were sacrificed under anesthesia. Results: Histological evaluation showed CYP administration induced severe IC with marked edema, hemorrhage and inflammation in CYP and CYP+PRP groups, but that PRP did not suppress these histopathological changes. Conclusion: PRP did not suppress the histopathological changes in rats that had IC due to cyclophosphamide injection.

scholarly journals Reproductive physiology, and physical and sexual development of female offspring born to diabetic dams

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Spadotto ◽  
Débora Cristina Damasceno ◽  
Antonio Francisco Godinho ◽  
Elaine Manoela Porto Amorim ◽  
Juliana Elaine Perobelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Development ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate physical and sexual development and reproductive physiology in female rat offspring that developed in hyperglycemia conditions in utero and during lactation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Maternal diabetes was induced in female rats by a single IV injection of streptozotocin before mating. Female offspring development was evaluated by means of the following parameters: physical development; age of vaginal opening and first estrus; weight and histological evaluation of uterus and ovaries; duration of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior, and fertility after natural mating. RESULTS: In the female offspring, maternal diabetes caused delays in initial physical development; diminution in ovary weight and number of follicles; and inferior reproductive performance compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The exposure to hyperglycemia in uterus and during lactation caused delays in physical and sexual development, and affected the reproductive physiology of female rats negatively.

Effect of chronic administration of an aromatase inhibitor to adult male rats on pituitary and testicular function and fertility

2000 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Turner ◽  
M Morley ◽  
N Atanassova ◽  
ID Swanston ◽  
RM Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the administration of a potent non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole, on male reproductive function in adult rats. As anastrozole was to be administered via the drinking water, a preliminary study was undertaken in female rats and showed that this route of administration was effective in causing a major decrease in uterine weight (P<0.02). In an initial study in male adult rats, anastrozole (100 mg/l or 400 mg/l) was administered via the drinking water for a period of 9 weeks. Treatment with either dose resulted in a significant increase ( approximately 10%) in testis weight and increase in plasma FSH concentrations (P<0.01) throughout the 9 weeks. Mating was altered in both groups of anastrozole-treated rats, as they failed to produce copulatory plugs. Histological evaluation of the testes from anastrozole-treated rats revealed that spermatogenesis was grossly normal. In a more detailed study, adult rats were treated with 200 mg/l anastrozole via the drinking water for periods ranging from 2 weeks to 1 year. Plasma FSH and testosterone concentrations were increased significantly (P<0.001) during the first 19 weeks of treatment. However, LH concentrations were increased only at 19 weeks (P<0.001) in anastrozole-treated rats, and this coincided with a further increase in circulating and intratesticular testosterone concentrations (P<0.05). No consistent change in inhibin-B concentrations was observed during the study. Suppression of plasma oestradiol concentrations could not be demonstrated in anastrozole-treated animals, but oestradiol concentrations in testicular interstitial fluid were reduced by 18% (P<0.01). Mating was again inhibited by anastrozole treatment, but could be restored by s.c. injection of oestrogen, enabling demonstration that rats treated for 10 weeks or 9 months were still fertile. Testis weight was increased by 19% and 6% after treatment for 19 weeks and 1 year, respectively. Body weight was significantly decreased (P<0.01) by 19 weeks of anastrozole treatment; after 1 year the animals appeared to have less fat as indicated by a 27% decrease in the weight of the gonadal fat pad. The majority of anastrozole-treated animals had testes with normal spermatogenesis but, occasionally, seminiferous tubules showed abnormal loss of germ cells or contained only Sertoli cells. Ten percent of anastrozole-treated animals had testes that appeared to contain only Sertoli cells, and one rat had 'giant' testes in which the tubule lumens were severely dilated. Morphometric analysis of the normal testes at 19 weeks showed no difference in the number of Sertoli cells or germ cells, or the percentage volumes of the seminiferous epithelium, tubule lumens and interstitium between control and anastrozole-treated rats. On the basis of the present findings, oestrogen appears to be involved in the regulation of FSH secretion and testosterone production, and is also essential for normal mating behaviour in male rats. Furthermore, these data suggest that the brain and the hypothalamo-pituitary axis are considerably more susceptible than is the testis to the effects of an aromatase inhibitor. Anastrozole treatment has resulted in a model of brain oestrogen insufficiency.

Voiding function in obese and type 2 diabetic female rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (1) ◽  
pp. F72-F77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Gasbarro ◽  
Dan Li Lin ◽  
Drina Vurbic ◽  
Amanda Quisno ◽  
Bruce Kinley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voiding Dysfunction ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Voiding Function ◽  
Zdf Rats ◽  
Obese Diabetic Rats

The effects of obesity and type 2 diabetes (DMII) on the lower urinary tract (LUT) were characterized by evaluating voiding function and anatomy in female Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Age-matched female virgin rats were separated into three experimental groups: Zucker lean rats (control; normal diet, n = 22), ZDF rats (obese+nondiabetic; low-fat diet, n = 22), and ZDF rats (obese+diabetic; high-fat diet, n = 20). Rats were placed on their specified diet for 10 wk before urodynamic LUT evaluation. A suprapubic catheter was implanted 2 days before urodynamic studies. Voiding function was evaluated by cystometric and leak point pressure (LPP) testing. The bladder, urethra, and vagina were immediately excised for qualitative histological evaluation. Compared with control rats, obese+nondiabetic and obese+diabetic rats had significantly decreased contraction pressure ( P = 0.003) and increased cystometric filling volume ( P < 0.001). Both obese groups exhibited significantly higher voided volumes ( P = 0.003), less frequent urinary events ( P < 0.001), and increased residual volumes ( P = 0.039). LPP studies showed a nonsignificant decrease in LPP ( P = 0.075) and baseline pressure ( P = 0.168) in both obese groups compared with control. Histology of the external urethral sphincter in obese rats showed increased fibrosis, leading to disruption of the skeletal muscle structure compared with control. Additionally, the bladder wall of the obese+nondiabetic and obese+diabetic rats demonstrated edema and vasculopathy. Voiding dysfunction was evident in both obese groups but with no significant differences due to DMII, suggesting that voiding dysfunction in DMII may be attributable at least in part to chronic obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of photobiomodulation on wound contraction in rats undergoing doxorubicin extravasation: a histomorphometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Alexandra Batista da Silva Freitas ◽  
Noeme Sousa Rocha ◽  
Eliana Maria Minicucci ◽  
Valéria Flávia Batista da Silva ◽  
Hélio Langoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze wound contraction and histomorphometric pattern of lesions in Wistar rats undergoing doxorubicin extravasation. Method: Sixty adult female rats were used, divided into four groups of fifteen animals: Group 1 (Control, without antidote); Group 2 (Hyaluronidase); Group 3 (Photobiomodulation), and Group 4 (Hyaluronidase + Photobiomodulation). Doxorubicin 1mg (0.5 ml) was applied subcutaneously on the animals’ back, inducing the wound. Macroscopic and morphometric evaluation of the lesions was performed every two days for 28 days. On the 30th day, euthanasia was performed and the material was collected for histological evaluation. Results: The animals in the photobiomodulation and photobiomodulation + Hyaluronidase groups presented regeneration tissue with neovascularization and acute inflammation, with improvement in wound healing, which did not occur in the other groups. The contraction rates were better in those treated with photobiomodulation and photobiomodulation + Hyaluronidase, with healing percentages of 76.6% and 72.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The combination of photobiomodulation (660 nm–1 J) with topical hyaluronidase (65 UTR) proved to be effective in the process of wound healing due to extravasation of doxorubicin, and can be incorporated into the practice of clinical oncology.

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