scholarly journals Normative study of tympanic infrared thermometry: a non-invasive index of asymmetric cerebral activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cicarini de Landa ◽  
Joaquim P. Brasil-Neto ◽  
Raphael Boechat-Barros ◽  
Carlos Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tympanic Temperature ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Infrared Thermometry ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Interaural Differences

Human and primate studies have demonstrated that performance of tasks that induce asymmetrical physiological activation of the cerebral hemispheres leads to a reduction of tympanic temperature (TT) ipsilateral to the most active hemisphere. It is possible that diseases that interfere in an asymmetrical fashion with the degree of cerebral activity cause similar TT changes. There are not, however, normative studies of the acceptable interaural difference in TT in normal subjects at rest. This study was done to establish normative values for interaural TT values measured by means of infrared tympanic thermometry in resting normal subjects not engaged in any specific task. TT values were measured in 47 normal volunteers (20 men and 27 women, aged 39.38±12.57 years old) at rest; mean interaural differences of TT were calculated. Mean right ear TT was 36.85±0.50ºC and mean left ear TT was 36.74±0.57ºC; these values are in agreement with those already reported in the literature. Mean interaural TT difference was 0.25ºC (SD 0.21ºC). These findings indicate that maximal normal values for interaural TT differences, with confidence levels of 99% and 95%, are, respectively, 0.88 and 0.67ºC. The value of interaural differences of TT as a marker of asymmetrical hemispheric activity in neurological patients will have to be established by additional studies.

scholarly journals Method for auxiliary use of thermography in diagnosing inflammation in the coxofemoral joint in dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lúcia Passos Fukahori ◽  
Daniela Maria Bastos de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Alberto Tudury ◽  
George Chaves Jimenez ◽  
José Ferreira da Silva Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Infrared Thermometry ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Joint diseases are relatively common in domestic animals, such as dogs. The involved inflammation produces thermal emission, which can be imaged using specific sensors that allow capturing of infrared images. Given that there have been few reports on the use of thermography in the diagnosis of inflammation associated with diseases of the hip joint in dogs, we here propose a method for identification of inflammatory foci in dogs by using infrared thermometry. The present study aimed to find non-invasive and low-cost resources that couldfacilitate a clinical diagnosis in cases withinflammation in the coxofemoral joint of dogs.To this end, we developed a system in whichthe Flir Systems TG165 thermograph is coupled to a black PVC cannula with a 30-cm focus-to-animal distance.External effects of the environment on the temperature of the animalswere compared with the body temperature as measured by a conventional thermometer.Thirty-one dogs with and without inflammation in the coxofemoral joint underwent clinical evaluation.We verified that the temperature registered by the thermograph inthe animals with joint inflammation was significantlydifferentfrom that incontrol animals without inflammation, in the lateral projection.The method showed a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 87.5%, and accuracy of 83.87%. This standardized method of diagnosis of inflammatory foci in the coxofemoral articulation of dogs by way of thermography showed sensitivity, specificity, and satisfactory accuracy.

scholarly journals Temporal branch of facial nerve: a normative study of nerve conduction

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Fabiana Sobral da Silva ◽  
Maria Carolina Martins de Lima ◽  
José Natal Figueiroa ◽  
Otávio Gomes Lins
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Face ◽  
Electrophysiological Technique ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Temple

The temporal branch of the facial nerve is particularly vulnerable to traumatic injuries during surgical procedures. It may also be affected in clinical conditions. Electrodiagnostic studies may add additional information about the type and severity of injuries, thus allowing prognostic inferences. The objective of the present study was to develop and standardize an electrophysiological technique to specifically evaluate the temporal branch of the facial nerve. METHOD: Healthy volunteers (n=115) underwent stimulation of two points along the nerve trajectory, on both sides of the face. The stimulated points were distal (on the temple, over the temporal branch) and proximal (in retro-auricular region). Activities were recorded on the ipsilateral frontalis muscle. The following variables were studied: amplitude (A), distal motor latency (DML) and conduction velocity (NCV). RESULTS: Differences between the sides were not significant. The proposed reference values were: A >0.4 mV, DML <3.9 ms and NCV >40 m/s. Variation between hemifaces should account for less than 60% for amplitudes and latency, and should be inferior to 20% for conduction velocity. CONCLUSION: These measurements are an adequate way for proposing normative values for the electrophysiological evaluation of the temporal branch.

scholarly journals Increased gastric Pco 2 during exercise is indicative of gastric ischaemia: a tonometric study

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Kolkman ◽  
A B J Groeneveld ◽  
F G van der Berg ◽  
J A Rauwerda ◽  
S G M Meuwissen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Gastric Tonometry ◽  
Revascularisation Procedure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Angiographic Findings ◽  
Gastric Ischaemia

BackgroundDiagnosis of gastric ischaemia is difficult and angiography is an invasive procedure. Angiographic findings may not correlate with clinical importance.AimsTo investigate whether tonometric measurement of intragastric Pco2during exercise can be used to detect clinically important gastric ischaemia.MethodsFourteen patients with unexplained abdominal pain or weight loss were studied. Splanchnic angiography served as the gold standard. Three patients were studied again after a revascularisation procedure. Gastric Pco2 was measured from a nasogastric tonometer, with 10 minute dwell times, and after acid suppression. Gastric and capillary Pco2 were measured before, during, and after submaximal exercise of 10 minutes duration.ResultsSeven patients had normal angiograms; seven had more than 50% stenosis in the coeliac (n=7) or superior mesenteric artery (n=4). Normal subjects showed no changes in tonometry. In patients with stenoses, the median intragastric Pco2(Pico2) at rest was 5.2 kPa (range 4.8–11.2) and rose to 6.4 kPa (range 5.7–15.7) at peak exercise; the median intragastric blood Pco2 gradient increased from 0.0 kPa (range −0.8 to 5.9) to 1.7 kPa (range 0.9 to 10.3; p<0.01). Only two subjects had abnormal tonometry at rest; all had supernormal values at peak exercise. The Pco2 gradient correlated with clinical and gastroscopic severity; in patients reexamined after revascularisation (n=3), exercise tonometry returned to normal.ConclusionGastric tonometry during exercise is a promising non-invasive tool for diagnosing and grading gastrointestinal ischaemia and evaluating the results of revascularisation surgery for symptomatic gastric ischaemia.

Non-invasive evaluation of autonomic tone changes during isometric exercise in normal subjects and in patients with coronary artery disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo De Caprio ◽  
Carlo Vigorito ◽  
Domenico Acanfora ◽  
Domenico Artiaco ◽  
Luigi Ascione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Autonomic Tone ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

EEG Based BCI Using Visual Imagery Task for Robot Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnaini Azmy ◽  
Norlaili Mat Safri
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Power ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cortex Area ◽  
Wireless Robot ◽  
Scalp Location ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this study is to detect the brain activation on scalp by Electroencephalogram (EEG) task–based for brain computer interface (BCI) using wirelessly control robot. EEG was measured in 8 normal subjects for control and task conditions. The objective is to determine one scalp location which will give signals that can be used to control the wireless robot using BCI and EEG, using non invasive and without subject training. In control condition subjects were ask to relax but in task condition, subjects were asked to imagine a star rotating clockwise at position 45 degrees direction pointed by the wireless robot where at this angle the target is located. At position 0 and 90 degree angle subjects were asked to relax since there is no target on that direction. Using EEG spectral power analysis and normalization, the optimum location for this task has been detected at position F8 which is in frontal cortex area and the rhythm happened at alpha frequency band. At this position, the signals from the brain should be able to drive the robot to the required direction by giving correct and accurate signals to robot moving towards target.

Hemodynamic Investigation of Flow in the Normal Portal Vein

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. George ◽  
Diego R. Martin ◽  
Don P. Giddens
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Portal Vein Hemodynamics ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Liver Hemodynamics ◽  
Hemodynamic Information

Cirrhosis is the twelfth leading cause of death in the United States (1). Previous studies have compared portal vein blood flow and velocity in normal subjects and patients with varying results (2–5). In comparing grades of cirrhosis, based on the “Child-Pugh” score, portal flow was significantly affected as the degree of cirrhosis increased (2–4). These previous studies have used a variety of imaging methods; the most common being Doppler Ultrasound (2–5). The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and phase contrast (PC) – MRI has not been used extensively to study liver hemodynamics. When compared to ultrasound, MRI is often superior in providing anatomical and hemodynamic information. There has also been no in depth study of normal portal vein hemodynamics, an important step for understanding changes due to cirrhosis. This study seeks to preliminarily characterize normal portal venous hemodynamics in a small number of subjects utilizing both MRI and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The long term clinical objective is to develop non-invasive diagnostic methods to evaluate and monitor the progression of cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease.

PO10-TU-18 Non-invasive brain mapping of motor related areas of four limbs in CIS patients compared with normal subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. S200
Author(s):  
M.H. Harirchian ◽  
M.A. Oghabian ◽  
A. Rezvanizadeh ◽  
M. Fakhri ◽  
A. Ghoreishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
In Cis

scholarly journals Evaluation of Spontaneous Swallow Frequency in Healthy People and Those With, or at Risk of Developing, Dysphagia: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233372142110418
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Bulmer ◽  
Caroline Ewers ◽  
Michael J. Drinnan ◽  
Victoria C. Ewan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Central Register

Dysphagia is a common and frequently undetected complication of many neurological disorders and of sarcopoenia in ageing persons. Spontaneous swallowing frequency (SSF) has been mooted as a possible tool to classify dysphagia risk. We conducted a review of the literature to describe SSF in both the healthy population and in disease-specific populations, in order to consider its utility as a screening tool to identify dysphagia. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Metadata were extracted, collated and analysed to give quantitative insight. Three hundred and twelve articles were retrieved, with 19 meeting inclusion and quality criteria. Heterogeneity between studies was high (I2 = 99%). Mean SSF in healthy younger sub-groups was 0.98/min [CI: 0.67; 1.42]. In the Parkinson’s sub-group, mean SSF was 0.59/min [0.40; 0.87]. Mean SSF in healthy older, higher risk and dysphagic populations were similar (0.21/min [0.09; 0.52], 0.26/min [0.10; 0.72] and 0.30/min [0.16; 0.54], respectively). SSF is a novel, non-invasive clinical variable which warrants further exploration as to its potential to identify persons at risk of dysphagia. Larger, well-conducted studies are needed to develop objective, standardised methods for detecting SSF, and develop normative values in healthy populations.

scholarly journals Isolation and quantification of blood apoptotic bodies in neurological patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Serrano-Heras ◽  
Inmaculada Díaz-Maroto ◽  
Blanca Carrión ◽  
Ana B. Perona-Moratalla ◽  
Julia Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Apoptotic Bodies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Rapid Procedure ◽  
Drug Effectiveness ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Apoptotic Death ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Human Blood Samples

AbstractDysregulation of apoptosis may contribute to the etiology and/or progression of several prevalent diseases, including stroke and neurodegenerative pathologies. So, detection of the apoptotic processes in patients would be useful in daily clinical practice, However, the in vivo analysis of apoptosis that occurs in tissue has limitations. We therefore propose to use circulating apoptotic bodies as biomarkers for measuring apoptotic death in patients. Since there is no scientific literature establishing the most appropriate method for measuring apoptotic bodies from human blood samples, we here describe a reproducible centrifugation-based method combined with electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and flow cytometry studies to isolate, characterize and quantify plasma apoptotic bodies of patients with ischemic stroke, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. The analysis revealed that our isolation protocol achieves notable recovery rates of highly-purified intact apoptotic bodies. This easy and rapid procedure would help physicians to implement the use of plasma apoptotic bodies analysis as a non-invasive tool to monitor apoptotic death in neurological patients for prognostic purposes and for following disease activity and assessing drug effectiveness.

scholarly journals High Frequency Non-Invasive Stimulation Over the Spine: Effects on Mood and Mechanical Pain Tolerance in Normal Subjects

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Towell ◽  
D. Williams ◽  
S. G. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Cutaneous Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Clinical Pain

We investigated the effects of non-invasive high frequency (625Hz) stimulation over the spine on mechanical pain tolerance and subjective mood. Sixty healthy subjects were divided equally into three groups receiving either high intensity (250 V), low intensity (3–4 V) or sham electrical stimulation directly over the spinal cord for 30 minutes. Following high intensity stimulation, subjects felt significantly more elated, leisurely and less tense and, contrary to reports on patients with clinical pain, had lower mechanical pain tolerances. There were no correlations between changes in mood and changes in mechanical pain tolerances. These findings contrasted with the lack of any significant differences in mood or mechanical pain tolerances in a second study where 20 subjects received either high intensity or sham stimulation across the left shoulder joint. The results indicate that decreases in mechanical pain tolerance are independent of changes in mood following non-invasive high frequency, high intensity cutaneous stimulation but that both effects are dependent on that stimulation being applied over the spine.

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