scholarly journals A historical note on an imported case of loiasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1964

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Antonio Giardulli ◽  
Guilherme Dolanda Paulo Filho ◽  
Giovanni Nicola Urberto Italiano Colombini ◽  
Walter de Araújo Eyer-Silva ◽  
Carlos Alberto Basilio-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Historical Note ◽  
Loa Loa ◽  
Imported Case ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Inflammatory Edema ◽  
The City

Loiasis is a filarial disease transmitted by the Chrysops spp. tabanid flies in West and Central Africa. It is most commonly diagnosed by the clinical manifestations of Calabar swellings (transient localized inflammatory edema) or, most dramatically, by the appearance of a migrating worm through the conjunctival tissues or the bridge of the nose. We report the case of a 35-year-old resident in the city of Rio de Janeiro who displayed a moving Loa loa in the bulbar conjunctival tissue two years after returning from a six-month trip to Uganda. Surgical removal of the worm was performed.

scholarly journals Projected Number of People With Onchocerciasis–Loiasis Coinfection in Africa, 1995 to 2025

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie V S Vinkeles Melchers ◽  
Luc E Coffeng ◽  
Michel Boussinesq ◽  
Belén Pedrique ◽  
Sébastien D S Pion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Ivermectin Treatment ◽  
Loa Loa ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Onchocerciasis elimination through mass drug administration (MDA) is hampered by coendemicity of Loa loa, as people with high L. loa microfilariae (mf) density can develop serious adverse events (SAEs) after ivermectin treatment. We assessed the geographical overlap of onchocerciasis and loiasis prevalence and estimated the number of coinfected individuals at risk of post-ivermectin SAEs in West and Central Africa from 1995 to 2025. Methods Focusing on regions with suspected loiasis transmission in 14 countries, we overlaid precontrol maps of loiasis and onchocerciasis prevalence to calculate precontrol prevalence of coinfection by 5 km2 × 5 km2 pixel, distinguishing different categories of L. loa mf intensity. Using statistical and mathematical models, we predicted prevalence of both infections and coinfection for 2015 and 2025, accounting for the impact of MDA with ivermectin. Results The number of people infected with onchocerciasis was predicted to decline from almost 19 million in 1995 to 4 million in 2025. Of these, 137 000 people were estimated to also have L. loa hypermicrofilaremia (≥20 000 L. loa mf/mL) in 1995, declining to 31 000 in 2025. In 2025, 92.8% of coinfected cases with loiasis hypermicrofilaremia are predicted to live in hypoendemic areas currently not targeted for MDA. Conclusions Loiasis coinfection is a major concern for onchocerciasis elimination in Africa. We predict that under current strategies, at least 31 000 coinfected people still require treatment for onchocerciasis in 2025 while being at risk of SAEs, justifying continued efforts in research and development for safer drugs and control strategies.

Satellite mapping of Loa loa prevalence in relation to ivermectin use in west and central Africa

The Lancet ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 356 (9235) ◽  
pp. 1077-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Thomson ◽  
V Obsomer ◽  
M Dunne ◽  
SJ Connor ◽  
DH Molyneux
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Loa Loa ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Satellite Mapping

scholarly journals PREVALENC OF LOIASIS, AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN NDOKWE WEST L.G.A, DELTA STATE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Nazmuz Sakib
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
West African ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Loa Loa ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Parasitic Worm ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
Ocular System

Loa Loa is transmitted to humans by deer vectors, the vectors are bloodsucking and diurnal bites, and are found in rainforest areas in western and central Africa. After infection, a human will mate and produce more microfilariae, assuming the presence of mature male and female worms in the host. Although it has no major complications, the high microfilariae load may cause some neurological symptoms and discomfort in the ocular system may make patients uneasy. Loiasis, also known as African eyeworm, is caused by the parasitic worm Loa-Loa. Infection with this microfilaria worm causes an itchy swelling on the body, also known as Calabar bumps which prefers the rainforest-like environment of western and central Africa. Endemicity is particularly high in Cameroon, Congo, Nigeria, Gabon and the Central African Republic. One area of great concern is the fact that the endemicity of Onchocerciasis with Onchocerciasis as a bulk ivermectin therapy can lead to serious adverse effects in patients with high Loa Loa microfilariae densities and loads. This fact requires the development of more specific diagnostic tests for loa-loa so that areas or individuals at higher risk for neurological outcomes can be identified prior to microfilaricidal therapy. Although diethylcarbamazine, the standard treatment method, gives good results, it can cause serious complications when administered in standard doses to patients with high microfilariae load. A few years later, in 1778, Francois Guyost noticed worms in the eyes of West African slaves on a French ship bound for America and successfully removed the worm from a man's eye. Treatment of loiasis includes chemotherapy, in some cases surgical removal of adult worms, followed by systemic therapy.

Impact of age and schooling on performance on the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery: A study of elderly residents in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica C. Araujo ◽  
Christina M. B. Lima ◽  
Eduarda N. B. Barbosa ◽  
Flávia P. Furtado ◽  
Helenice Charchat-Fichman
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Screening Battery ◽  
The City

Incidência da utilização de protetores bucais em diversos esportes de contato

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (45) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Victor Paes Dias Gonçalves ◽  
Hugo Leonardo Matias Nahmias ◽  
Marcus Menezes Alves Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
The Face ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
The City

Among contact sports, the practice of martial arts offers a greater risk of causing dental trauma and fractures as contact with the face is more frequent. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate the incidence of mouthguard use, and the secondary objective is to verify which type has a greater predominance and the difficulties in its use correlating to the type of mouthguard used. A documentary study was carried out with 273 athletes of different contact sports, among them: MMA, Boxing, Muay Thai, Jiu-Jitsu, and Taekwondo of the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was concluded that the most commonly used mouthguard is PB Boils and Bites - Type II and its level of approval is poor, interfering with the athletes’ performance, mainly in relation to the breathing factor.

Categorias analíticas do espaço e Turismo: o exemplo da Fortaleza de Santa Cruz, Niterói/RJ

GEOgraphia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ângelo Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Spatial Dynamic ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Military Installations ◽  
The City

O objetivo que permeia a presente pesquisa é utilizar a Fortaleza de Santa Cruz, localizada no bairro de Jurujuba, em Niterói, construída em 1555, na entrada da barra da Baía de Guanabara, como foco de antílise, ressaltando a importância deste fixo social enquanto atração turística e de lazer, incluindo a cidade de Niterói no circuito destas atividades, complementares à cidade do Rio de Janeiro; além de abordar conceitos e categorias analíticas, oriundos das ciências sociais, principalmente provenientes da Geografia, pertinentes ao estudo das atividades em tela. Neste contexto, na dinâmica espacial da cidade de Niterói, o processo de mudança de função dos fixos sociais têm sido extraordinário. Residencias unifamiliares, prédios e até mesmo fortificações militares, verdadeiras monumentalidades, foram refuncionalizadas, passando por um processo de turistificação. Assim, a refuncionalização da respectiva Fortaleza em espaço cultural toma-se um importante atrativo da história, do patrimônio, da cultura, marcando no espaço urbano sua expressões e monumentalidade, criada pelo homem como símbolo de seus ideais, objetivos e atos, constituindo-se em um legado as gerações futuras, formando um elo entre passado, presente e futuro. Abstract This paper focuses on Santa Cruz Fortress, built in 1555 in Jurujuba (Niterói), to guard the entrance of Guanabara bay, and stresses its role as a towist attraction and leisure' area, as a social fix which links the city of Niterói to the complementary circuit of these activities in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The study uses important concepts and analytic categories fiom social sciences, particularly fiom Geography.In the spatial dynamic of the city of Niterói, change in functions of social fuces has been extraordinary. Single-family dwellings, buildings and even military installations have been re-functionalized, undergoing a process of touristification. In that way, the refunctionalization of the Fortress as a cultural space provides an important attraction in the domains of history, patrimony, and culture, providing the urban space with an expression of monumentality, created by man as a symbol of his ideals, aims and actions, a legacy to future generations forming a link between past, present and future.

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