scholarly journals Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii antigens with sera from toxoplasmosis patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de la Luz Galván-Ramírez ◽  
Cecilia Guillén-Vargas ◽  
Rafael Saavedra-Durán ◽  
Alfonso Islas-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Western Blot Test ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Infection Markers

Some proteins of the Toxoplasma gondii are recognized by IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies in patients with acute and chronic toxoplasmosis, depending on the strain and stage of the Toxoplasma. Sixty-nine sera from immunocompetent individuals were studied through the Western-Blot Test: 20 has an acute infection, 29 has a chronic toxoplasmosis infection and 20 were healthy (seronegatives). The protein analysis revealed by IgG and IgM antibodies were performed through the Immunoplot method in order to know their recognition frequency (f) and be valued as infection markers. In the acute phase, the IgM antibodies showed a recognition frequency (f = 0.60) for the 60kDa protein, and in the chronic phase the IgG antibodies showed a recognition frequency (f = 0.68) for the 12kDa protein. Seronegatives revealed no type of band. The protein of 12kDa can be a diagnostic marker of the chronic phase while protein 60kDa of the acute phase of toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Evolution of IgG antibody response against Toxoplasma gondii tissue cyst in acute and chronic human infections

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita VILLAVEDRA ◽  
Hernán CAROL ◽  
Alberto NIETO
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Tissue Cyst ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Toxoplasmic Infection ◽  
Human Infections

The recognition profile of the tissue cysts antigens by IgG antibodies was studied during acute and chronic human toxoplasmic infection. Thus the IgG response against Toxoplasma gondii was investigated by immunoblotting in two patients accidentally infected with the RH strain as well as in group of naturally infected patients at acute and chronic phase. There was an overall coincidence of molecular mass among antigens of tachyzoites and tissue cysts recognized by these sera, however, they appear not to be the same molecules. The response against tissue cysts starts early during acute infection, and the reactivity of antibodies is strong against a wide range of antigens. Six bands (between 82 and 151 kDa) were exclusively recognized by chronic phase sera but only the 132 kDa band was positive in more than 50% of the sera analysed. A mixture of these antigens could be used to discriminate between the two infection phases. The most important antigens recognized by the acute and the chronic phase sera were 4 clusters in the ranges 20-24 kDa, 34-39 kDa, 58-80 kDa and 105-130 kDa as well as two additional antigens of 18 and 29 kDa. Both accidentally infected patients and some of the naturally infected patients showed a weak specific response against tissue cyst antigens.

Chlamydia and mycoplasma infections during pregnancy and their relationships to orofacial cleft

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agáta Molnárová ◽  
Elena Kováčová ◽  
Juraj Majtán ◽  
Jozef Fedeleš ◽  
Eva Bieliková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orofacial Cleft ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Shock Proteins

AbstractSerum antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis have been studied in a group of newborns with orofacial cleft (OC) and their mothers (n = 59) as compared to a control group of healthy newborns and their mothers (n = 40) assayed by ELISA and Western blot analysis. In the first group, IgG antibodies to M. pneumoniae were found by ELISA in 12 newborns with OC and 22 mothers, while IgA antibodies were detected only in 5 and 11 cases, respectively. IgM antibodies indicating an acute infection were found in 2 mothers only. IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis were found in 2 newborns with OC and 4 mothers. In the control group, IgG antibodies to M. pneumoniae were found in 3 newborns and 7 mothers. IgG antibodies to C trachomatis were observed in 1 newborn and 1 mother, while IgM antibodies to C trachomatis were present in 1 mother only. Immunoblot analysis revealed in newborns with OC and their mothers C. trachomatis-specific bands associated with MOMP 1, 29 kDa, 45 kDa, and heat shock proteins (HSP) 60 and 70. Based on these results we suggest that the risk associated with the exposure to M. pneumoniae and/or C. trachomatis is so far unknown and further study is needed for its elucidation.

Serodiagnosis of Recently Acquired Toxoplasma gondii Infection with a Recombinant Antigen

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Shuli Li ◽  
Greg Maine ◽  
Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Fausto G. Araujo ◽  
Gina Galvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Group I ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT A portion of a cDNA encoding a 35-kDa antigen from Toxoplasma gondii was cloned into the CKS expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli . By using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the recombinant protein (rP35 antigen) was examined for reactivity with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the sera of pregnant women. Of these women, 41 had a toxoplasma serologic profile suggestive of recently acquired T. gondii infection (Sabin-Feldman dye test [DT] titers from 1:256 to 1:32,000, positive IgM ELISA titers from 2.3 to 9.7, positive IgA ELISA from 1 to >28, and acute patterns in the differential agglutination [AC/HS] test) (group I), and 50 women had a toxoplasma serologic profile suggestive of infection acquired in the distant past (low DT titers from 1:16 to 1:512, negative IgM ELISA titers from 0 to 0.8, and chronic patterns in the AC/HS test) (group II). The classification of acute or chronic profile was based on the individual's clinical history as well as the combination of the results of the toxoplasma serological profile. An additional group (group III) was composed of sera from 50 women who were seronegative for T. gondii antibodies in the DT. The results revealed that whereas 85.3% of women in group I had IgG antibodies that reacted with the rP35 antigen, only 8% of women in group II had IgG antibodies that reacted with the same antigen. In immunoblots, the rP35 antigen was recognized by IgG antibodies in a pool of sera from individuals with a toxoplasma serologic profile compatible with acute infection but not in a pool of sera from individuals with a serologic profile characteristic of a chronic infection. These results reveal that IgG antibodies against the P35 antigen are produced during the acute stage of the infection but are uncommon in the latent or chronic phase of the infection. Thus, the rP35 antigen may be a useful serologic marker to differentiate between recently acquired infection and that acquired in the more distant past.

scholarly journals Effects of betamethasone on the course of experimentai. Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico G.C. Abath ◽  
Yara M. Gomes ◽  
Eridan M. Coutinho ◽  
Silvia M.L. Montenegro ◽  
Maria E.B. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cumulative Mortality ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Experimental Group

In this experiment, the effect of betamethasone administered in the early post- acute infection of mice by Trypanosoma cruzi was studied. This drug was administered during 30 days after the 42nd day of infection in a dose of 0.15 mg/day. The betamethasone treatment did not cause fresh outbreaks of parasitemia and the histopathological findings in the chronic phase were not different from those in the control group. The higher cumulative mortality after treatment in the experimental group was due to superimposed bacterial infections. Outbred albino mice infected with low numbers ofY strain Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes were not suitable models for Chagas' disease, since after 7 months of observation only mild histological lesions developed in all the animais. Prolonged betamethasone treatment of mice infected with low numbers o/Trypanosoma cruzi of the Y strain, during the post-acute phase did not aggravate the course of infection.

scholarly journals Pseudothrombocytopenia: an immunologic study on platelet antibodies dependent on ethylene diamine tetra-acetate

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Pegels ◽  
EC Bruynes ◽  
CP Engelfriet ◽  
AE von dem Borne
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Platelet Antibodies ◽  
Group Specificity ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate

Abstract Antibodies specifically reacting with platelets only in the presence of EDTA, by the platelet immunofluorescence test, were found in the serum of 20 patients with pseudothrombocytopenia due to in vitro EDTA- dependent platelet agglutination. These antibodies reacted optimally at 0–4 degree C. In 19 patients, IgG antibodies were detected; in 8 patients, IgM or IgA antibodies were also found. In one patient, only IgM antibodies were found. In 14 patients, the IgG antibodies were IgG1, but IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 antibodies were also seen in 7 patients. The reaction of platelets with the antibodies was detectable in the presence of Na2EDTA, the K, Ca, and Mg salts of EDTA, and K2EGTA. F(ab')2 or F(ab') fragments of the IgG antibodies reached as strongly as the intact antibodies, indicating that the reaction is dependent on the antibody-combining site. The EDTA-dependent antibodies did not show platelet-group specificity. However, platelets from patients with Glanzmann disease did not react with the antibodies.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi and experimental Chagas' disease: characterization of a stock isolated from a patient with associated digestive and cardiac form

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. Oliveira ◽  
M.M.A. Stefani ◽  
A.O. Luquetti ◽  
E.F. Vêncio ◽  
M.A.R. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Histopathology Examination

A new Trypanosoma cruzi stock isolated from a patient in the chronic phase of Chagas' disease with the digestive and cardiac fortn of the disease was characterized by experimental infection in isogenic, susceptible, A/Sn strain mice. Parasitemia curves showed up to 1.7x10(6) parasites/ml and no mortality was observed up to 300 days post infection. Specific IgM was found in mice in the acute phase up to 40 days and also in the chronic phase. IgG antibodies yvere detected in the acute and chronic phase. Histopathology examination demonstrated myotropism to the digestive tract muscle layers and to the heart.

Investigation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in patients with neoplasia

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Yazar ◽  
Ozan Yaman ◽  
Bülent Eser ◽  
Fevzi Altuntaş ◽  
Fatih Kurnaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Human Igg ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in patients with neoplasia. One hundred and eight patients with neoplasia and 108 healthy controls were studied for the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies using a micro ELISA and peroxidase-labelled anti-human IgG (rabbit) and IgM (goat). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 68 (63.0 %) patients and in 21 (19.4 %) of the controls, which was a statistically significant difference. In addition, anti- T. gondii IgM antibodies were detected in seven (6.5 %) patients and in one (0.9 %) control. A high percentage of positivity for Toxoplasma antibodies in patients with neoplasia was detected. Therefore, parasitological surveys of this patient group should be periodically performed.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in people with alcohol consumption in Durango, Mexico

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245701
Author(s):  
Sergio Estrada-Martinez ◽  
Alma Rosa Pérez-Álamos ◽  
Melina Ibarra-Segovia ◽  
Isabel Beristaín-Garcia ◽  
Agar Ramos-Nevárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
History Of Surgery ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The seroepidemiology of infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in alcohol consumers is largely undeveloped. In light of this, we sought to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in alcohol consumers in Durango, Mexico, and the association of T. gondii seroprevalence with characteristics of the population studied. Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were searched in sera of participants using commercially available enzyme immunoassays. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were then used to determine the association between T. gondii infection and the characteristics of the population studied. Of the 1544 people studied (mean age: 39.4±14.0 years), 173 (11.2%) tested positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. We were able to test 167 of the 173 anti-T. gondii IgG positive sera for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Fifty-five (32.9%) of these 167 serum samples were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Bivariate analysis showed that visual impairment, history of surgery, and hepatitis were negatively associated with T. gondii IgG seropositivity (P<0.05). In women, seropositivity to T. gondii was positively associated with a history of pregnancy (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was associated with the variables consumption of armadillo meat (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.04–5.22; P = 0.03), and the use of latrines for elimination of excretes (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.07–4.80; P = 0.03); and high (>150 IU/ml) anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were associated with consumption of both armadillo meat (OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.01–5.02; P = 0.04) and crowding at home (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02–2.61; P = 0.03). We found a distinct T. gondii seroprevalence in people with alcohol consumption from those previously found in population groups in the region. This is the first study that illustrates the association between high anti-T. gondii antibodies and crowding in Mexico, and the second study on the association between T. gondii infection and consumption of armadillo meat and the use of latrines in this country. We conclude that epidemiology of T. gondii infection in people with alcohol consumption deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 serological testing using electrochemiluminescence reveals a rapid onset of seroconversion in severe COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Munitz ◽  
L Edry-Botzer ◽  
M Itan ◽  
R Tur-Kaspa ◽  
D Dicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Iga Antibodies

AbstractDespite ongoing efforts to characterize the host response toward SARS-CoV-2, a major gap in our knowledge still exists regarding the magnitude and duration of the humoral response. We report the development of a rapid, highly specific and sensitive electrochemiluminescent assay for detecting IgM, IgA, and IgG antibodies toward two distinct SARS-CoV-2 antigens namely, the receptor binding domain (RBD) and the nuclear protein (NP). Whereas IgM antibodies toward RBD were detected at early stages of the disease, IgM antibodies against NP did not develop. Analysis of the antibody response in mild versus moderate/severe patients revealed a rapid onset of IgG and IgA antibodies, specifically in moderate/severe patients. Finally, we observed a marked reduction in IgM/IgA antibodies and to lesser extent, IgG, over time. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the human antibody response, and has major implications on our understanding and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well as finding effective vaccines.One Sentence SummaryUsing a newly developed assay to detect anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies we reveal a rapid onset of IgG and IgA antibodies towards distinct viral antigens, specifically in moderate/severe COVID-19 patients,

scholarly journals Impact of Engineered Expression of Mitochondrial Association Factor 1b on Toxoplasma gondii Infection and the Host Response in a Mouse Model

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. English ◽  
Jon P. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Parasite Protein ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The opportunistic intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes a lifelong chronic infection capable of reactivating in immunocompromised individuals, which can lead to life-threatening complications. Following invasion of the host cell, host mitochondria associate with the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. This phenotype is T. gondii strain specific and is mediated by expression of a host mitochondrial association-competent (HMA+) paralog of the parasite protein mitochondrial association factor 1 (MAF1b). Previous work demonstrated that expression of MAF1b in strains that do not normally associate with host mitochondria increases their fitness during acute infection in vivo. However, the impact of MAF1b expression during chronic T. gondii infection is unclear. In this study, we assess the impact of MAF1b expression on cyst formation and cytokine production in mice. Despite generally low numbers of cysts generated by the in vitro culture-adapted strains used in this study, we find that parasites expressing MAF1b have higher numbers of cysts in the brains of chronically infected mice and that MAF1b+ cyst burden significantly increases during the course of chronic infection. Consistent with this, mice infected with MAF1b+ parasites have higher levels of the serum cytokines RANTES and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) at day 57 postinfection, although this could be due to higher parasite burden at this time point rather than direct manipulation of these cytokines by MAF1b. Overall these data indicate that MAF1b expression may also be important in determining infection outcome during the chronic phase, either by directly altering the cytokine/signaling environment or by increasing proliferation during the acute and/or chronic phase. IMPORTANCE The parasite Toxoplasma gondii currently infects approximately one-third of the world’s population and causes life-threatening toxoplasmosis in individuals with undeveloped or weakened immune systems. Current treatments are unable to cure T. gondii infection, leaving infected individuals with slow-growing tissue cysts for the remainder of their lives. Previous work has shown that expression of the parasite protein mitochondrial association factor 1 (MAF1b) is responsible for the association of T. gondii parasites with host mitochondria and provides a selective advantage during acute infection. Here we examine the impact of MAF1b expression during chronic T. gondii infection. We find that mice infected with MAF1b-expressing parasites have higher cyst burden and cytokine levels than their wild-type counterparts. A better understanding of the genes involved in establishing and maintaining chronic infection will aid in discovering effective therapeutics for chronically infected individuals.

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