Methodological adaptation for nematodes extration in forest soils of the southern Mata Atlântica

The objective of this work was to clarify whether the method to extract nematodes from European soils is suitable for forest soils and litter in the eastern of Paraná state, Brazil, and whether nematode abundance differs between sites with different ecosystems and levels of human interference. The study sites were situated in the coastal area of the Serra do Mar, near the town of Antonina, in Eastern Paraná, Brazil. Cobb's sieving and decanting method was more appropriate than ISO method, since extraction efficiency was higher and intra-sample variability was significantly lower. In order to achieve an extraction efficiency higher than 90%, Cobb's method was modified. For the extraction of nematodes from litter, the Baermann funnel, with an extraction time of 48 hours, yielded an extraction efficiency higher than 90%. Nematode abundance in litter was higher than in soil. The mean number of individuals extracted from the litter increased with the age stage of the forest sites sampled, and there was no difference in the number of individuals in the soil of the four forest sites. Mean nematode abundance in soil in banana plantations was about twice as high compared to the banana-palmito mixed stands and to the forest sites.

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Diversity of Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Two Forest Sites from Kabylia of Djurdjura, Northern Algeria

Sociobiology ◽

10.13102/sociobiology.v68i3.6232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. e6232

Author(s):

Sadou Sid-Ali ◽

Sadoudi Ali-Ahmed Djamila ◽

Metna Ali-Ahmed Fatiha ◽

Ourrad Ouiza ◽

Slimani Said

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Species Occurrence ◽

Local Site ◽

Northern Algeria ◽

Forest Sites ◽

The Difference ◽

Study Sites ◽

Number Of Individuals

The current study deals with the diversity of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Kabylia of Djurdjura. It has been carried out in two forest sites from the localities of Azeffoun and Assi-Youcef, Tizi Ouzou (northern Algeria). Two sampling methods were adopted: manual capture and pitfall traps. Various community metrics were used as key elements to assess ant biodiversity within the two study sites. They included the species richness, the relative abundance, the constancy, and the Shannon-Weaver and equitability indices. Our inventory allowed identifying 24 species belonging to 12 genera and three subfamilies, which are the Myrmicinae (58%), the Formicinae (34%), and the Dolichoderinae (08%). The highest species richness was registered for the two first subfamilies, while the subfamily Dolichoderinae dominated numerically. The Site of Azeffoun, which is more submitted to human activities, recorded higher values in the number of individuals, the species richness, and the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. However, the difference between the two sites consisted mainly of the rare species, such as Crematogaster laestrygon, Goniomma sp. and Palagiolepis sp., which were present in the Azeffoun site. The local site conditions certainly have played a key role in ant species occurrence within the two study areas. Azeffoun is more disturbed than Assi-Youcef, resulting in the recruitment of much more rare and accidental species in the first site. In contrast, the rate of accessory to omnipresent species is substantially higher in Assi-Youcef, which recorded a high species evenness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the ant genus Formica in Kabylia of Djurdjura.

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Evaluation of Road Utilisation as Space For Holding Social Ceremonies in Indigenous Residential Area of Ogbomoso, Nigeria

LAUTECH Journal of Civil and Environmental Studies ◽

10.36108/laujoces/8102/10(0131) ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (March 2018) ◽

Author(s):

S.A Okanlawon ◽

O.O Odunjo ◽

S.A Olaniyan

Keyword(s):

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Noisy Environment ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Core ◽

Local Roads ◽

Strict Enforcement ◽

The Mean ◽

The One ◽

The City ◽

The Town

This study examined Residents’ evaluation of turning transport infrastructure (road) to spaces for holding social ceremonies in the indigenous residential zone of Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Upon stratifying the city into the three identifiable zones, the core, otherwise known as the indigenous residential zone was isolated for study. Of the twenty (20) political wards in the two local government areas of the town, fifteen (15) wards that were located in the indigenous zone constituted the study area. Respondents were selected along one out of every three (33.3%) of the Trunk — C (local) roads being the one mostly used for the purpose in the study area. The respondents were the residents, commercial motorists, commercial motorcyclists, and celebrants. Six hundred and forty-two (642) copies of questionnaire were administered and harvested on the spot. The Mean Analysis generated from the respondents’ rating of twelve perceived hazards listed in the questionnaire were then used to determine respondents’ most highly rated perceived consequences of the practice. These were noisy environment, Blockage of drainage by waste, and Endangering the life of the sick on the way to hospital; the most highly rated reasons why the practice came into being; and level of acceptability of the practice which was found to be very unacceptable in the study area. Policy makers should therefore focus their attention on strict enforcement of the law prohibiting the practice in order to ensure more cordial relationship among the citizenry, seeing citizens’ unacceptability of the practice in the study area.

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Potential Fertilization Capacity of Two Grapevine Varieties: Effects on Agricultural Production in Designation of Origin Areas in the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10070961 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 961

Author(s):

J. Antonio Cortiñas Rodríguez ◽

María Fernández-González ◽

Estefanía González-Fernández ◽

Rosa A. Vázquez-Ruiz ◽

F. Javier Rodríguez-Rajo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airborne Pollen ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽

Tetrazolium Chloride ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Sites ◽

Fertilization Capacity

In the present study, we analyzed the main parameters related with the potential fertilization ability of two grapevine varieties, Godello and Mencía, during the years 2017 and 2018. The research was carried out in two vineyards of the Galician winegrowing Designation of Origin areas of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra. Ten vines of each variety were selected for bunch and flower counting, pollen calculations, pollen viability studies by means of aceto-carmine (AC) stain and 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) methods, and the determination of their germination rate. In all vineyards the 50% fruitset was reached, except for Godello in Cenlle during 2017. The mean coulure value was higher for Godello (40.5%) than for Mencía (31%). Analyzing the pollen production per plant and airborne pollen levels, we observed important discordances between them, which can be due to the influence of weather conditions and be related with self-pollination processes. We found important differences on pollen viability depending on the applied method and variety, with higher values for the AC method than the TTC for both varieties in all study plots, and higher values for Mencía variety than Godello. Regarding germination rates, we observed a marked reduction in 2017 with respect to 2018, in all study sites and for both varieties. The analyzed parameters were useful to explain the different productive abilities of Godello and Mencía varieties in the two studied bioclimatic regions of Ribeiro and Ribeira Sacra.

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Resource Utilization and Costs of Care prior to ART Initiation for Pediatric Patients in Zambia

AIDS Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2014/235483 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hari S. Iyer ◽

Callie A. Scott ◽

Deophine Lembela Bwalya ◽

Gesine Meyer-Rath ◽

Crispin Moyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Blood Chemistry ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Art Initiation ◽

Time To Initiation ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Sites ◽

Cd4 Percentage ◽

Mean Cost

Objective. We estimated time to initiation, outpatient resource use, and costs of outpatient care during the 6 months prior to ART initiation for HIV-infected pediatric patients in Zambia.Methods. We enrolled 1,102 children who initiated ART at <15 years of age between 2006 and 2011 at 5 study sites. Of these, 832 initiated ART ≤6 months after first presenting to care at the study sites. Data on time in care and resources utilized during the 6 months prior to ART initiation were extracted from patient medical records. Costs were estimated from the provider’s perspective and are reported in 2011 USD.Results. For the patients who initiated ART ≤6 months after presenting to care, median age at presentation to care was 3.9 years; median CD4 percentage was 13%. Median time to ART initiation was 26 days. Patients made, on average, 2.38 clinic visits prior to ART initiation and received 0.81 CD4 tests, 0.74 full blood count tests, and 0.49 blood chemistry tests. The mean cost of pre-ART care was $20 per patient.Conclusions. Zambian pediatric patients initiating ART ≤6 months after presenting to care do so quickly, utilize fewer resources than mandated by national guidelines, and accrue low costs.

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Sporadic Schwannomatosis: A Systematic Review Following the 2005 Consensus Statement

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A Central European Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655548 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 79 (05) ◽

pp. 408-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jan Victor ◽

Thibault Poujade ◽

Nadine Hollevoet ◽

Gregoire Chick

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Consensus Statement ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Spinal Tumors ◽

The Mean ◽

Tumor Distribution ◽

Key Aspects ◽

Number Of Individuals

Aims To identify the frequency of reports of sporadic schwannomatosis, the types of patients affected, and the nerves affected. Patients and Methods We identified all case reports and case series that reported on patients with sporadic schwannomatosis according to established criteria. Results The initial search yielded 1,597 studies, of which 15 were included. A total of 38 of 55 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 48 years; 41% were male. Thirty-three patients had peripheral nerve tumors, and 17 had spinal tumors. Twelve had tumors in both locations. Tumor distribution was unilateral in 25 of 30 cases (83.3%) and segmental (limited to one limb or five or fewer contiguous segments of the spine) in 28 of 38 cases (73.7%). Conclusion This systematic review quantified the number of individuals who meet the criteria for sporadic schwannomatosis and better described this population to facilitate the classification of neurofibromatosis in regard to the 2005 consensus statement. Unilateral or segmental distribution of nerve tumors are key aspects when dealing with multiple noncutaneous schwannomas without involvement of the vestibular nerve.

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Evaluation of the efficacy of neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides in Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) populations in Colombia

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2018v12i2.8093 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 358-368

Author(s):

Augusto Ramírez-Godoy ◽

Gina Puentes-Pérez ◽

Hermann Restrepo-Díaz

Keyword(s):

Tropical Dry Forest ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽

Insect Vector ◽

Diaphorina Citri ◽

Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Forest Conditions

The Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri is the insect vector of the disease known as huanglongbing (HLB), which is the most devastating disease of citrus crops in the world. The Asian citrus psyllid was officially reported in Colombia in 2007, and a national phytosanitary emergency was declared because of the presence of HLB in 2015. Two different experiments were carried out in two locations (Apulo and Jerusalén, Department of Cundinamarca) in Colombia to evaluate the effectiveness of neonicotinoid (clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxan) and pyrethroid applications (bifenthrin, deltamethrin and lambda cyhalothrin) on the control of D. citri populations (adults, nymphs and eggs) in ‘Tahiti’ lime trees established under tropical dry forest conditions. In the first experiment, trees were foliarly treated as follows: (1) untreated trees; (2) trees treated with 100 g ha-1 of imidacloprid; (3) trees treated with 60 g ha-1 of bifenthrin; (4) trees treated with 12.5 g ha-1 of deltamethrin and (5) trees treated with a co-formulation of 70 g ha-1 of a neonicotinoid (thiametoxan) and 53 g ha-1 of a pyrethroid (lambda cyhalothrin). In the second experiment, trees were treated with 100 g ha-1 of clothianidin. Foliar insecticide applications were carried out at 0 and 4 weeks after the initiation of treatments (WAT). In the first trial, the control presented a mean number of individuals per flush of ≈1.14, whereas the trees treated with neoinicotinoids and pyrethroids showed 50% fewer individuals (0.53-0.61). For the population of immatures, the number of nymphs was 2.25 nymphs per flush in the control, as compared to 0.82-1.22 individuals observed in the treatments with insecticides. The mean number of eggs was also between 80-100% higher in the control trees (2.37 individuals), as compared to the treated trees (1.14-1.78). In the second trial, the use of clothianidin showed a higher control of eggs. The results suggest that the rotation of neonicotinoids with pyrethroids can be a tool to reduce populations and delay resistance processes in D. citri in citrus trees established under tropical dry forest conditions in Colombia.

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Long-term species richness-abundance dynamics in relation to species departures and arrivals in wintering urban bird assemblages

European Journal of Ecology ◽

10.2478/eje-2019-0002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jukka Suhonen ◽

Jukka Jokimäki

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Bird Species ◽

Total Abundance ◽

Bird Species Richness ◽

Abundance Dynamics ◽

Local Species Richness ◽

Local Species ◽

The Mean ◽

Urban Bird ◽

Number Of Individuals

Abstract Temporal dynamics of local assemblages depend on the species richness and the total abundance of individuals as well as local departure and arrival rates of species. We used urban bird survey data collected from the same 31 study plots and methods during three winters (1991–1992; 1999–2000 and 2009–2010) to analyze the temporal relationship between bird species richness and total number of individuals (abundance). We also evaluated local departures and arrivals of species in each assemblage. In total, 13,812 individuals of 35 species were detected. The temporal variation in bird species richness followed the variation in the total number of individuals. The numbers of local departure and arrival events were similar. Also, the mean number of individuals of the recently arrived species (8.6) was almost the same as the mean number of individuals of the departed species (8.2). Risk of species departure was inversely related to number of individuals. Local species richness increased by one species when the total abundance of individuals increased by around 125 individuals and vice versa. Our results highlight the important role of local population departures and arrivals in determining the local species richness-abundance dynamics in human-dominated landscapes. Local species richness patterns depend on the total number of individuals as well as both the departure-arrival dynamics of individual species as well as the dynamics of all the species together. Our results support the more individuals hypothesis, which suggests that individual-rich assemblages have more species.

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ESTUDIO DEMOGRÁFICO DE Emilia sonchifolia (ASTERACEAE) EN UNA FINCA CAFETERA DE ARMENIA, QUINDÍO, COLOMBIA

Acta Biológica Colombiana ◽

10.15446/abc.v20n2.41790 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Irene Duarte Gandica ◽

Maryam Chaib de Mares ◽

David Andrés Luna ◽

Oscar Alexander Aguirre-Obando ◽

Rosa María Méndez Parra

Keyword(s):

Logistic Model ◽

Research Study ◽

Life Stage ◽

Coffee Plantation ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Coffee Farm ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Study Sites ◽

Number Of Individuals

Se realizó un estudio con el fin de determinar la estructura demográfica de Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC en una finca cafetera del Municipio de Armenia, Quindío, Colombia, donde se recolectaron datos durante 4 semanas, en tres sitios: exterior, borde e interior del cultivo. Usando parámetros calculados a partir de los datos de campo, se construyó un modelo logístico para describir el comportamiento poblacional en el tiempo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables: número de individuos por estado etario en el tiempo, porcentaje de mortalidad, tiempo de cambio del estado plántula a juvenil y de juvenil a adulto, número de hojas y de ramas; no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la densidad poblacional, número de inflorescencias e infrutescencias en los sitios de estudio. En general, se puede atribuir este comportamiento a la estrategia de reproducción r que sigue E. sonchifolia. Finalmente, las simulaciones hechas a partir del modelo logístico sugieren que la especie tiende a desaparecer si alguno de los estados etarios no está presente inicialmente; así, una alternativa plausible para el control sería su eliminación en el estado juvenil. Los resultados ofrecen alternativas con respecto al manejo de poblaciones de arvenses.ABSTRACTA research study was conducted to determine the demographic structure of Emilia sonchifolia L. in a coffee plantation in Armenia, Quindío, Colombia. Data were collected over a period of four weeks on three sites: inside, at the border and outside a coffee farm. A logistic population model was built to describe the population behavior of E. sonchifolia over time. Statiscally significant differences were found between: number of individuals per life stage in time, mortality rate, transition time from seedling to juvenile and from juvenile to adult; and number of leaves and branches. There was no evidence for statistically significant differences in population density or in number of inflorescences and fruits between study sites. In general, the observed behavior may be attributed to the r strategy used by this species. Finally, our results suggest the survival of the species is conditioned by the presence of all life stages at the beginning of each simulation based on the logistic model; so, a potential strategy for its controlling would require the removal during the juvenile stage. The considerations offer alternatives regarding weed population management.

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Haematological and Haemostatic Changes Associated with Major Depressive Disorder among Nigerians.

Pan African Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.36108/pajols/1202.50.0210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 238-245

Author(s):

Oloruntoba A. Ekun

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sodium Citrate ◽

Red Cell ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Red Cell Indices ◽

Healthy Control ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Apparently Healthy

Background: A link between major depressive disorder (MDD) and haematological as well as co-agulation disorders has been postulated. This study aims to evaluate haematological and haemostatic changes among Nigerians with major depressive disorder Methods: Two hundred volunteers consisting of an equal number of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) based on DMS-IV criteria and apparently healthy control participated in this study. The blood sample was collected into tri-sodium citrate K2EDTA bottles respectively and was evaluated for some haemostatic parameters , using ELISA, Clauss, Quick’s One Stage, Proctor and Rapaport’s methods. Results: The mean WBC, hemoglobin and differential lymphocyte were significantly higher among MDD total volunteers (p < 0.001). The red cell indices and platelet count were lower among MDD (p <0.001). Also the prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, protein-C and erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) were all raised (p <0.001) among volunteers with MDD. Positive associations existed be-tween MCV and RBC (r: 0.364; p<0.001), PT and APTT (r: 0.319 p <0.001), APTT and fibrinogen (r: 0.239, p = 0.017) as well as PT and fibrinogen (r: 0.275 p = 0.006) at 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Changes in total leucocytes count, lymphocytes values and haemostatic parameters among volunteers with depression may impacts deleterious effects on the immune response as well as haemostatic homeostasis, while decreased red cell indices may suggest occult nutritional anaemia.

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EARLY DETECTION OF FOREST DROUGHT STRESS WITH VERY HIGH RESOLUTION STEREO AND HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2020-781-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol V-2-2020 ◽

pp. 781-787

Author(s):

J. Tian ◽

T. Schneider ◽

C. Kempf ◽

Y. Xia ◽

M. Lusseau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Early Detection ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Satellite Image ◽

3D Models ◽

Middle Part ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Study Sites

Abstract. The project ‘Application of remote sensing for the early detection of drought stress at vulnerable forest sites (ForDroughtDet)’ is funded by the German Federal Agency of Agriculture and Food and aims to detect drought stress in an early phase using remote sensing techniques. In this project, three test sites in the south and middle part of Germany are selected. Three levels of observation and analyses are performed. In the first level, close-range stereo images and spectral information are captured with a research crane in Kranzberg forest. In the second level, three study sites are imaged twice in three years by airborne hyperspectral and stereo cameras. In the third level, the drought stress detection approach will be transferred to regional scale by satellite image. In this paper, we will briefly report our results from the first and second levels. In the first level, 3D models of the forest canopies are generated with the MC-CNN based dense matching approaches, with which the 3D shapes of the stressed and healthy trees are analysed. In addition, for the spectral analyses, different chlorophyll-sensitive indices are calculated and compared for the stressed and healthy trees. In order to further analyse the tree drought stress in the second level, a novel individual tree crown (ITC) segmentation approach is proposed and tested on the airborne stereo dataset.

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