Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil rotifers in a South-Bohemian beech forest

The objective of this work was to determine seasonal variation and vertical distribution of the soil rotifer assemblage in a climax beech forest in South Bohemia. During 2005, soil rotifer was investigated to the species level. Soil samples of 10 cm² and 10 cm in depth were divided into five layers, which were processed separately. Thirty one rotifer species were identified during the investigation. Dominant species significantly changed throughout the seasons. The most abundant species were Encentrum arvicola and Wierzejskiella vagneri among the monogononts, and Adineta steineri, Ceratotrocha cornigera, Habrotrocha filum, Habrotrocha ligula, Macrotrachela plicata, Mniobia tentans, Mniobia incrassata and Mniobia granulosa among the bdelloids. Mean Shannon diversity index varied from 1.99 to 2.63. Total rotifer abundance varied from 212±63 to 513±127 10³ individuals m-2 along the year, with the highest numbers found in May, and the lowest in July. The great part of the community was concentrated in the upper (fresh litter) and second (partially decomposed litter) layers and significantly decreased in the soil vertical profile on all sampling dates. The highest rotifer density of 43 individuals g-1 was found in the upper layer in May.

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Changing Microarthropod Communities in Front of a Receding Glacier in the High Arctic

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11040226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 226 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz ◽

Bogna Zawieja ◽

Izabella Olejniczak ◽

Piotr Skubała ◽

Anna K. Gdula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dominant Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Rapid Change ◽

High Arctic ◽

Soil Characteristics ◽

Landscape Scale ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Pioneer Species ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Sites

This study was carried out at Ny-Ålesund on Spitsbergen in Svalbard (High Arctic). Eight study sites were established along a transect from the fjord to the snout of the glacier. The sites differed from each other by the type of vegetation cover and soil characteristics. Soil samples were collected and placed in Tullgren funnels. Extracted arthropods were represented by two groups of mites (Mesostigmata and Oribatida) and springtails (Collembola). The pioneer species that occurred first after retreat of the glacier were representatives of the Collembola (Agrenia bidenticulata and Hypogastrura concolor). Later, other springtails appeared including Folsomia alpha, Folsomia quadrioculata, Hypogastrura concolor, Isotoma anglicana, Sminthurinus concolor and the first species of oribatid mites; Camisia foveolata and Tectocepheus velatus velatus. Arthropod communities recorded along the transect were characterized by large variations in both species composition and abundance of individuals. The greater the distance from the glacier snout, the greater the species richness (2 to 22 species). The mean number of species per sample was the lowest at site 8 (1 ± 0.71) (the closest to the glacier) and greatest at site 1 (14 ± 1.41) (furthest from the glacier). The Simpson’s diversity index (D) was distinctly greater at sites 1 (4.61 ± 0.06) and 3 (3.94 ± 0.11) than at other sites, especially site 8 (1.07 ± 0.06). Densities were least in the samples closest to the glacier (30 to 101 individuals; density 3000–10,100 individuals/m2). At the other locations, abundance was highly variable (905 to 7432 individuals; density 90,500–743,200 individuals/m2). The mean abundances were greatest at sites 2 and 3. The great variations in total abundances observed were often due to the presence or absence of one or more dominant species exhibiting extreme abundance variability between sites. The microarthropod community of the High Arctic is composed of heterogeneous circumpolar species, yet on a landscape scale is extremely dependent on local environmental conditions which may be subject to rapid change.

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Edaphic mesostigmatid mites (Parasitiformes, Mesostigmata) in a region of the Pampa biome of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20190043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Adriane da Fonseca Duarte ◽

Grazielle Furtado Moreira ◽

Uemerson Silva da Cunha ◽

Paulo Ricardo Ebert Siqueira ◽

Gilberto José de Moraes

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Single Species ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The State ◽

Species Level ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Potential Use

ABSTRACT: The diversity of edaphic mites in Brazilian natural environments is little known, especially in the Pampa biome, in southern region of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and abundance of edaphic fauna of mesostigmatid mites in a region of the Pampa biome of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Soil samples were collected in the municipality of Aceguá, in 2012 and 2013. Mites were extracted using Berlese-Tullgren modified funnels. In total, 1900 mesostigmatid mites were collected, representing 44 species from 23 genera and 10 families. The most abundant families were Rhodacaridae, Ologamasidae and Laelapidae, with respectively 903, 578 and 214 specimens, corresponding respectively to 47.5, 30.4 and 11.3% of the Mesostigmata collected. Laelapidae was the most diverse family, being represented by 22 species. The remaining families were each represented by 1-5 species. Gaeolaelaps (Laelapidae) was the most diverse genus, with 14 species. Rhodacaridae was represented by a single species, Binodacarus aceguaensis Duarte, Castilho, Cunha & Moraes, representing 47.5% of the mesostigmatids. Ologamasidae was represented by four species, with Neogamasellevans sp. corresponding to the second most abundant species, representing 27.5% of the mesostigmatids. Further analysis of the data, in terms of mite identification to species level and the potential use of the mites collected for applied biological control are needed.

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Neelipleona and Symphypleona (Collembola) from a Sampling in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum of the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Madrid and Segovia, Spain): Taxonomy and Biogeography

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12030266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 266

Author(s):

Enrique Baquero ◽

Rafael Jordana ◽

Vicente M. Ortuño

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Ecological Niche ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Species Level ◽

Surface Sampling ◽

Mesovoid Shallow Substratum ◽

The Mediterranean

Megalothorax minimus (Neelidae) and Sphaeridia pumilis (Sminthurididae) had already been identified in surface sampling from Sierra de Guadarrama. In Europe, Sminthurinus gisini (Katiannidae) seems to be associated with environments at specific altitudes, and has little representation in this sampling. Pygmarrhopalites custodum Baquero and Jordana sp. nov. (Arrhopalitidae) coexists with two previously identified surface occurring species of the same family (P. elegans and Arrhopalites caecus). However, P. custodum is more abundant, indicating that it occupies an ecological niche tending to troglophile in the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS). Moreover, it is also more abundant in the MSS of higher altitude corresponding to the bioclimatic zones cryo-oro-Mediterranean and oro-Mediterranean supra forest. Allacma cryptica Baquero and Jordana sp. nov. (Sminthuridae), is another species that had not been previously detected on the surface in the study area. A. cryptica is an addition to a genus which has eight described species. Gisinurus malatestai (Sminthuridae) appears well represented in the MSS, being a species present very occasionally in the Mediterranean area. Two species of the genera Sminthurides (Sminthurididae) and Fasciosminthurus (Bourletiellidae) have been found, but they could not have been identified to the species level. Finally, a few specimens of Dicyrtomina minuta (Dicyrtomidae), an abundant species on the surface, have been captured.

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Sheep nemabiome diversity and its response to anthelmintic treatment in Swedish sheep herds

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-021-04602-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Peter Halvarsson ◽

Johan Höglund

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Anthelmintic Treatment ◽

Host Age ◽

Larval Culture ◽

Nematode Parasites ◽

South Central ◽

Nematode Diversity

Abstract Background A novel way to study the species composition and diversity of nematode parasites in livestock is to perform deep sequencing on composite samples containing a mixture of different species. Herein we describe for the first time the nematode community structures (nemabiomes) inhabiting Swedish sheep and how these are/were affected by host age and recent anthelmintic treatments. Methods A total of 158 fecal samples were collected (n = 35 in 2007 and n = 123 in 2013–2016) and cultured from groups of sheep on 61 commercial farms in the south-central part of the country where most animals are grazed. Among the samples, 2 × 44 (56%) were paired collections from the same groups pre- and post-treatment with anthelmintics such as macrocyclic lactones, benzimidazoles or levamisole. Samples were analyzed for their nemabiome using the PacBio platform followed by bioinformatic sequence analysis with SCATA. Species richness and diversity were calculated and analyzed in R. Results Nematode ITS2 sequences were found in all larval culture samples except two, even though the fecal egg counts were below the McMaster threshold in 20 samples. Sequencing yielded, on average, 1008 sequences per sample. In total, 16 operational taxonomical units (OTU), all with ≥ 98 % identity to sequences in the NCBI database, were recognized. The OTUs found represented nematode species of which ten are commonly associated with sheep. Multiple species were identified in all pre-anthelmintic treatment larval culture samples. No effects on nematode diversity were found in relation to host age. On the other hand, recent anthelmintic treatment lowered species richness, especially after use of ivermectin and albendazole. Interestingly, despite zero egg counts after use of levamisole, these samples still contained nematode DNA and especially H. contortus. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that nemabiome analysis combined with diversity index analysis provides an objective methodology in the study of the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment as both high and low abundant species were detected.

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Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in south-eastern New South Wales.

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9840663 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 663 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

DM Dexter

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Sandy Beaches ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Wave Action ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Faunal Composition ◽

South Wales ◽

Temporal And Spatial

Four intertidal sandy beaches with different exposures, La Perouse, Ocean Beach, Dolls Point, and Towra Point, were studied for temporal and spatial changes in faunal composition and community structure. Each of these beaches was sampled from 6 to 12 times between July 1980 and July 1981 using a 500 �m sieve. A stratified random sampling procedure across the intertidal zone isolated 40 660 individuals representing 85 species. Distribution and abundance of species were strongly influenced by tidal level. Densities changed during the year but no seasonal changes in intertidal zonation patterns were found. Changes in density were correlated with the reproductive activities of the abundant species, especially Pseudolana concinna and Exoediceros maculosus at La Perouse, and Spio pacifica at Dolls Point and Towra Point. The number of species increased from high to low tide, and also increased with decreasing exposure to wave action. Crustaceans dominated the fauna in the most exposed site and decreased in abundance with increasing protection. Ocean Beach experienced the least fluctuation in physical factors such as wave action, salinity, and temperature, and its fauna exhibited the highest diversity index (H') and evenness (J'), the most stable density, and the greatest stability in faunal composition through time. The highest densities and the most species were found at Towra Point, which also was the most protected site.

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Effect of extremely severe winters on under-ice phytoplankton development in a mesotrophic lake (Eastern Poland)

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.2478/s13545-014-0127-x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Władysława Wojciechowska ◽

Tomasz Lenard

Keyword(s):

Water Column ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Biomass Concentration ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Ice Cover ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Blue Green Algae ◽

Cyanobacteria And Algae ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

The Vertical Distribution

AbstractThe research was carried out in a mesotrophic and dimictic lake during winters with ice cover. In the last forty years, the development of phytoplankton was analyzed in five extreme winter seasons. The studies of phytoplankton characteristics in the water column took into account values of biomass, concentration of chlorophyll-a and species composition, including dominant species. Differences in the vertical distribution of flagellate and non-flagellate species belonging to cyanobacteria and algae were analyzed in the gradient of light and thermal conditions. The phytoplankton biomass was low and vertically differentiated, with the lowest values at the deeper part of the water column. Flagellate species from the group of Cryptophyceae, Chrysophyceae and Dinophyceae were most abundant. Species biodiversity was low but every winter the dominant species represented different taxonomic groups. In some periods, larger non-motile phytoplankton species from green or blue-green algae dominated. The research proved that the development of phytoplankton under the ice cover was limited mainly by light and, to a lesser extent, by temperature.

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FLORISTIC, STRUCTURE AND ECOLOGICAL GROUPS OF A TREE COMMUNITY IN THE ATLANTIC RAINFOREST AT SERRA DO MAR, SP, BRAZIL

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v6i0.6351 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 706

Author(s):

Vitor De Andrade Kamimura ◽

Rodrigo Ferreira Morais ◽

Carlos Alfredo Joly ◽

Marco Antonio Assis

Keyword(s):

Species Distribution ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Atlantic Rainforest ◽

Ecological Groups ◽

Serra Do Mar ◽

Palm Trees ◽

Dispersal Syndromes ◽

Tree Community ◽

Euterpe Edulis

FLORÍSTICA, ESTRUTURA E GRUPOS ECOLÓGICOS DE UMA COMUNIDADE ARBÓREA NA FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA, SERRA DO MAR, SP, BRASIL Neste trabalho, avaliamos a composição florística e estrutural de uma comunidade arbórea em um contínuo da Floresta Atlântica das Terras Baixas no sudeste brasileiro, acessando a distribuição das espécies entre grupos ecológicos. Para tanto, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbóreos com PAP≥15 cm, incluindo palmeiras e samambaias arborescentes, em um hectare, dividido em sub-parcelas de 10x10 m. A comunidade foi analisada por meio do índice de diversidade de Shannon e equabilidade de Pielou, e distribuição de suas espécies entre síndromes de dispersão e classes sucessionais. Registramos 1.120 indivíduos vivos distribuídos em 133 espécies de 41 famílias. As famílias mais ricas em espécies foram Myrtaceae (32 espécies), Fabaceae (12) e Rubiaceae (11), e Euterpe edulis a espécie mais abundante (11,1% do total). Na área de estudo, foram encontradas quatro espécies na lista espécies ameaçadas do Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil, e registrada uma dominância de espécies Zoocóricas (86,7% das espécies classificadas) e Não Pioneiras (73,5%). Os resultados gerais da estrutura e composição de espécies da comunidade foram similares à de outros levantamentos realizados na mesma região deste estudo. Por fim, nossos resultados corroboram a grande diversidade arbórea e uma dominância de espécies Zoocóricas e Não-Pioneiras em contínuos de Floresta Atlântica.Palavras-chave: classe sucessional, floresta ombrófila densa, diversidade, síndrome de dispersão. ABSTRACT:The present study evaluated the floristic and structural composition of a tree community in a Lowland Atlantic Rainforest along a forest continuum in Brazilian southeast, assessing the species distribution among ecological groups. For this purpose, we sampled all trees with PBH≥15 cm, including palm trees and tree ferns, in a total area of one hectare, divided into subplots of 10x10 m. The studied community was also analyzed through the Shannon diversity index and Pielou equability, and its species distribution among dispersal syndromes and successional classes. We recorded 1,120 living individuals distributed in 131 species of 40 families. The richest families were Myrtaceae (32 species), Fabaceae (12) and Rubiaceae (11), and Euterpe edulis was the most abundant species (11.1% of the total). In the study area, there were found four species on the Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil and recorded a dominance of zoochoric species (86.7% of species classified) and non-pioneers (71.6%). The general results of the community structure and species composition were similar with other surveys carried out in the same region of this study. Finally, our results corroborate the great diversity of trees and a dominance of zoochoric and non-pioneer species in the Atlantic Rainforest continuous.Keywords: dispersal syndromes, diversity, ombrophilous dense forest, successional groups.

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Makroalgae di Paparan Terumbu Karang Kepulauan Anambas

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.12.1.49-53 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Achmad Kadi

Keyword(s):

Dominant Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Survey Method ◽

Sargassum Polycystum ◽

Marine Flora

Macroalgae research in Anambas Islands that is the reef flats Jemaja, Pemutus and Matak Waters was carried onJune 2005. Survey method on the research using quadrat transect. Macroalgae is a marine flora which containsChlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae. Biodiversity in the research location was 18 species. Thehigher diversity index (H) was 0.24 and equitability index (e) was 0,105. The higher density of species were 207individuals. Dominant species was 22,83% by Sargassum polycystum.

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A checklist of gilled mushrooms (Basidiomycota: Agaricomycetes) with diversity analysis in Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam, India

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.1770.7.15.8272-8287 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (15) ◽

pp. 8272 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Girish Gogoi ◽

Vipin Parkash

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Shannon Diversity Index ◽

Diversity Analysis ◽

Wildlife Sanctuary ◽

Shannon Diversity ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Simpson Diversity Index ◽

Richness Index

Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary is comprised of five distinct compartments. A total of 138 species of gilled mushrooms belonging to 48 genera, 23 families, five orders of the class Agaricomycetes, division Basidiomycota, have been collected and analyzed. The order Agaricales was was found with the highest number of species (113), followed by Russulales (14), Polyporales (5), Cantharellales (4) and Boletales (2). The species Coprinellus disseminatus and Megacollybia rodmani have shown the highest (8.26) and the lowest density (0.05), respectively. A total of 24 species, e.g., Termitomyces albuminosus, Marasmius curreyi, Marasmiellus candidus, Leucocoprinus medioflavus, Mycena leaiana, Hygrocybe miniata, Collybia chrysoropha, Gymnopus confluens were common with frequency percentage of 11.9, whereas Megacollybia rodmani with less frequency percentage (2.4) was found only in few quadrates of the sanctuary. The highly abundant species were Termitomyces medius (91.7) and Coprinellus disseminatus (86.8), and less abundant species were Psilocybe wayanadensis (1.0) and Lepiota sp. (1.0) in the study site. The order of the species richness index (R) compartment wise was 2>3>4>5>1. Both the Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity index of agarics was maximum (1.88, 0.98) in compartment 2, whereas minimum (1.72, 0.95) in compartment 1 and 5, respectively. Moreover, the compartment 2 was found very much similar with compartment 3 and very less similar with compartment 1.<div> </div>

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Characteristics of Benthos communities in Laoting area of Hebei Province

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020602024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

pp. 02024

Author(s):

Li Guanglou ◽

Cao Hongmei ◽

Ye wei

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Benthic Community ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Hebei Province ◽

Benthic Community Structure ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Evenness Index ◽

Sea Area ◽

Richness Index

According to a survey of benthos in the Laoting sea area of Hebei Province on May 24th 2019, a total of 40 benthos species were obtained, of which mollusks have the largest number, followed by annelids and arthropods. The dominant species are Sternaspis sculata and Ringicula doliaris. The number of species obtained in this survey is much lower than the historical average. The diversity index is significantly lower than that in the April 2008 survey, and the evenness index and richness index have declined slightly, indicating that the benthic community structure in this sea area tends to be simplistic, stability tends to deteriorate.

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