scholarly journals Phenotypic diversity and carcass quality of creole goats with genetic potential for resistance to infection caused by worm

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-857
Author(s):  
Vanessa dos Santos Neri ◽  
José Lindenberg Rocha Sarmento ◽  
Laylson da Silva Borges ◽  
Tatiana Saraiva Torres ◽  
Luciano Silva Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Resistance To Infection

Abstract: The objective of this work was to phenotypically characterize creole goats of the Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota, and Graúna breeds, comparing them with the Boer, Anglo Nubian, and Alpine exotic breeds, to identify the genetic groups of greater potential for carcass quality and resistance to infection caused by worm. Data on morphometric measurements were obtained for the count of worm eggs in grams of feces (WEGF), Famacha score, carcass measurements, and body weight from 308 animals, in a farm in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Repartida goats showed the highest average for wither height (61.55 cm) and rump height (62.16 cm), and Moxotó goats had the greatest ear length (13.45 cm). The Moxotó breed showed the highest means for carcass and body weight. The lowest average for body weight was observed in Azul goats (24.35 kg), and the lowest WEGF was detected in Repartida goats (200 eggs per gram of feces). The average Famacha score was 2.77. Average linkage was the method that best summarized the information on the morphometric and carcass data. The use of morphometric and carcass measurements provides satisfactory results in the phenotypic characterization of the animals. The Brazilian creole goats, which are considered resistant to worm infection and show high-quality carcass traits, may be indicated for conservation and genetic breeding programs.

scholarly journals Production performance and carcass quality of coloured broilers differentiated genetic potential for growth

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-624
Author(s):  
Z. Skrbic ◽  
Z. Pavlovski ◽  
M. Lukic ◽  
V. Petricevic ◽  
D. Milic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Genetic Potential

The study was conducted with the purpose of the comparative analysis of production performance and carcass quality of two coloured broiler genotypes of differentiated genetic potential for growth (Redbro and Redbro Naked Neck) in conditions of intensive feeding, as well as determining the effect of housing system (free range and poultry house) on fattening performance of Redbro broilers. Production performance is presented in the two control periods (days 42 and 84). Carcass quality was analysed at 84 days old broilers based on carcass conformation, yield, share of valuable parts and abdominal fat content. Redbro and Redbro Naked Neck broilers had different growth intensity according to the phases of the experiment, but at the age of 84 days, their body weight did not differ significantly (3382.44g to 3236.0g). Lower efficiency of food utilization (3.08 kg to 2.79 kg) and improved vitality (100 % vs. 97.33 %) was found in Redbro Naked Neck broilers. In terms of carcass quality, there were no significant differences except in the share of wings. The positive impact of growing Redbro broilers in the poultry house was determined on the body weight (p< 0.05), feed efficiency and broiler mortality, which resulted in higher production index (169.83 vs. 140.37) compared to free range reared Redbro chickens. The differences in carcass quality were determined on the basis of better conformation, a small share of the wings but also lower yields of classically dressed carcasses of broilers Redbro reared in the poultry house.

scholarly journals PSVII-1 A preliminary phenotypic characterization of Raramuri Criollo cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 307-307
Author(s):  
Matthew McIntosh ◽  
Alfredo Gonzalez ◽  
Andres Cibils ◽  
Rick Estell ◽  
Shelemia Nyamuryekung’e ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Short Hair ◽  
Preliminary Characterization ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
High Set ◽  
Copper Canyon

Abstract Raramuri Criollo (RC) are one of 33 known biotypes of heritage Criollo cattle that exist throughout the Americas today. They have been raised by the Tarahumara peoples of the Copper Canyon in Chihuahua, Mexico, for over 400 years and exhibit remarkable rusticity and adaptation to harsh grazing environments. To date, no quantitative phenotypic description of this biotype exists. Our objective was to characterize RC cattle via 26 phenotype traits to provide a preliminary biotype standard. Twenty-eight multiparous RC cows, 4 primiparous heifers, and 4 bulls were selected from a purebred herd of approximately 200 animals at the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range. These 36 animals were selected by a Criollo cattle expert based on body conformation correctness. SAS 9.4 was used to determine means, SEs or frequency of measured traits. Multiparous pregnant and cycling cows averaged 366.8 ± 9.8 kg live body weight, 121.8 ± 0.9 cm withers height, horn widths of 60.3 ± 1.6 cm, horn diameters of 5.7 ± 0.1 cm, chest girths of 183.6 ± 12.0 cm, hip widths of 44.5 ± 0.5 cm, flank girths of 52.2 ± 0.9 cm, body length of 90.0 ± 1.7 cm, neck lengths of 52.0 ± 0.9 cm, and tail lengths of 83.3 ± 1.4 cm. Bulls consistently averaged higher values for all traits and weighed 618.2 ± 9.8 kg with scrotal circumferences of 36.8 ± 0.7 cm. RC cattle exhibited mostly convex nose bridges (89%), open-back horns (49%), black muzzles, hooves, and eyes (62, 69, and 81%, respectively), small ears (78%), oblique eyes (70%), high-set tail heads (86%), short hooves (95%), and short hair (78%). Our preliminary characterization of RC phenotypes will be useful in selecting RC individuals for genotypic evaluation to eventually maintain a distinct purebred registry of this Criollo biotype.

scholarly journals GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY IN 291 MAIZE LINES FROM CIMMYT AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION IN SOUTHERN CORDOBA, ARGENTINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
E.A. Rossi ◽  
M. Ruiz ◽  
M. Di Renzo ◽  
N.C. Bonamico
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

CIMMYT maize inbred lines (CMLs) are freely distributed to breeding programs around the world. Better information on phenotypic and genotypic diversity may provide guidance to breeders on how to use more efficiently the CMLs in their breeding programs. In this study a group of 291 CIMMYT maize inbred lines, was phenotyped by nine agro-morphological traits in south Córdoba, Argentina and genotyped using 18,082 SNPs. Based on the geographic information and the environmental adaptation, 291 CMLs were classified into eight subgroups. Anthesis-silking interval (IAE) was the trait with higher phenotypic diversity. A 40% of maize inbred lines, with IAE less than five days, show a good adaptation to growing conditions in south Córdoba, Argentina. The low phenotypic variation explained by environmental adaptation subgroups indicates that population structure is only a minor factor contributing to phenotypic diversity in this panel. Principal component analysis (ACP) allowed us to obtain phenotypic and genotypic orderings. Generalized procrustes analysis (APG) indicated a 60% consensus between both data type from the total panel of maize lines. In each environmental adaptation subgroup, the APG consensus was higher. This result, which might indicate linkage disequilibrium between SNPs markers and the genes controlling these agro-morphological traits, is promising and could be used as an initial tool in the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Information on genetic diversity, population structure and phenotypic diversity in local environments will help maize breeders to better understand how to use the current CIMMYT maize inbred lines group. Key words: broad-sense heritability, multivariate analysis, SNPs, agro-morphological traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of breeding bulls based on quality of offspring considering crossing options

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-463
Author(s):  
M. V. Abramova ◽  
S. V. Zyryanova
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Bulls

Breeding takes the main place in the complex of measures for intensification of dairy cattle breeding. A characteristic feature of breeding work is identification of the most valuable genotypes and their further use in cattle population. The Holstein breed is considered one of the most highly productive breeds, in many countries of the world it is used for the genetic improvement of local breeds. In this regard, a comparative assessment of methods for determining the breeding value of bulls of different genotypes obtained by interbreeding is relevant. The results of assessment of genetic superiority of the used breeding bulls in terms of milk productivity of daughters for the first lactation through interannual deviations of the homogeneous peers are presented, the best producers in all the studied herds are identified, it is established which breeds the best and worst breeding bulls belong to. The research revealed that 18% of bulls had genetic superiority at controlled farms (9% - Holstein breed, 6% - Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls, 3% - Mikhailovsky type’s bulls), a negative value - 24% including 9% - Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls, 9% - Mikhailovsky type’s bulls and 6% - Holstein bulls. A comparative evaluation of the two methods showed a high reliable positive correlation between results of Mikhailovsky type bulls and Yaroslavl crossbreeding bulls equal to 0.82 and 0.56, respectively, which indicates a high reliability of the method of genetic superiority index, which can be used to evaluate bulls during crossbreeding. It is possible to increase the genetic potential of herds by excluding producers with a negative genetic index. The obtained results are recommended to be used when mating bulls and for development of breeding programs for individual herds or entire population

Phenotypic characterization of Purky sheep population of Kargil district

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chakraborty ◽  
K. Mehdi Khan ◽  
N. Kumar ◽  
Isfaq Faried ◽  
Rajan Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Very High

Majority of the Kargil sheep populations are indigenous. Very scanty information is available for morphological characterization of Purky sheep population. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objectives to study the morpho-metric characteristics and body measurements for phenotypic characterization of the local sheep. A stratified random sample survey was conducted on various parameters (horn size, tail size, chest girth, punch girth, body length, height at wither and body weight) in seven different age groups. Data were collected randomly from 510 sheep of either sex. The local sheep population of Kargil which was selected for the present investigation is named as ‘Purky’ by the name of the community that reared this breed. In Purky sheep white body colour was predominant in both the sexes. The sheep breed was of low to medium body weight. The chest girth, punch girth, height at withers of Purky sheep showed it to be medium sized. Sex had significant effect (P is less than 0.05) on height at wither only. For males the least squares means were higher for all the traits of all age groups baring few exceptions. The phenotypic correlations of age groups with different morpho-metric traits were very high. The phenotypic correlations of body weight with other body measurements like tail size, chest girth, paunch girth, body length and height at wither were very high. Further studies should be carried out to fully exploit their genetic potential and to register the breed and in-situ conservation of this population.

scholarly journals The Effect of Corn Substitution with Palm Kernel Meal Treated by Enzyme on Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Halim Natsir ◽  
Irfan Djunaidi ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
Antonius Suwanto ◽  
Esti Puspitasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

The research was aimed to evaluate the effects of substitution level of corn with palm kernel meal (PKM) untreated and palm kernel meal (PKM) treated by enzyme on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The method used in this research was experiment using nested of completely randomized design with 2 factors, the main factor was type of palm kernel meal factors consisting of PKM without enzyme (B1) and PKM by mannanase enzyme (B2), and substitution corn level L0 (without substitution), L1 (12.5%), L2 (25%), L3 (37.5%) and L4 (50%). The different among the treatments were tested by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that corn substitution with PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzymes was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed conversion ratio (FCR), tenderness, meat cholesterol of broilers and income over feed cost (IOFC) and significant effect (P<0.05) on feed intake, but there is no significant difference on body weight, percentages of abdominal fat and water holding capacity (WHC). Furthermore, effect of level corn substitition with PKM nested to PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzyme was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed intake, body weight, FCR, and tenderness and significant effect (P<0.05) on IOFC, but there is no effect on percentages of abdominal fat, WHC and meat cholesterol. It can be concluded that the corn substitution with PKM treated by enzymes was better than the PKM untreated on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The optimal level of PKM untreated as corn substitution was 12.5%. While replacement with PKM treated by enzyme can be used up to 25%.

Healthy ageing phenotypes and trajectories

2017 ◽  
pp. 1243-1250
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Collino ◽  
Blandine Comte ◽  
Estelle Pujos Guillot ◽  
Claudio Franceschi ◽  
Antonio Nuñez Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Further Development

The concept of healthy ageing today is linked to the efforts of maintaining physical and mental independence, and to prevent the decline of physiological functions that are mandatory to guarantee a good quality of life. Yet, an individual’s ageing trajectory and underlying mechanisms are multifaceted and still far from understood. Hence, there is an urgent need for the further development of ageing phenotypes that can be utilized in the identification of biomarkers to characterize and predict biological age, taking into account the multiple dimensions of ageing. New technologies, often termed ‘systems biology’ approaches, are being increasingly applied to research focused on ageing populations. These technologies should enable investigators, and eventually clinicians, to (a) understand ageing metabolism in a more detailed and specific way; (b) enable the phenotypic characterization of many age-related disorders including chronic disease states; and (c) stratify older adults and the multiple comorbid conditions that may impact them.

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic characterization of the novel mouse substrain C57BL/6N Korl with increased body weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Min Choi ◽  
Jaehoon Jung ◽  
Young Min Cho ◽  
Kwondo Kim ◽  
Mi-Gyeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
The Novel

Description of production system and on-farm phenotypic characterization of Central Highland and Woyto-Guji goat breeds in Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Netsanet Zergaw ◽  
Tadelle Dessie ◽  
Kefelegn Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Production System ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Central Highland ◽  
Feed Source

SummaryThe study examines phenotypic characterization of Central Highland and Woyto-Guji goat breeds at Meta Robi and Konso districts of Ethiopia. Purposive and random sampling techniques were employed to select sample villages and respondent. For administration of semi-structured questionnaire and phenotypic characterization, a total of 240 households and 601 adult animals, respectively, were selected. The average goat flock size (31.25 ± 22.46) owned per household of Konso was significantly (P&lt; 0.01) higher than Meta Robi (12.73 ± 8). In Konso, natural pasture was the most frequently mentioned feed source during wet season, while hay was the most important feed source during dry season. On the other hand, in Meta Robi, natural pasture was the most frequently mentioned feed source during wet and dry seasons. Coat colour type, horn shape, ear orientation, wattle and beard were found to differ highly significantly (P&lt; 0.001) among the two goat breeds. Goat breed had a significant effect (P&lt; 0.001) on body weight and other body measurements except pelvic width (P&gt; 0.05). The least-square means of body weight, body length, height at wither, chest girth, chest width, ramp length, horn length, ear length and pelvic width of Central Highland female goats were 29.5 ± 0.2 kg, 62.2 ± 0.2 cm, 67.5 ± 0.2 cm, 72.9 ± 0.2 cm, 13.4 ± 0.1 cm, 19.7 ± 0.1 cm, 12.8 ± 0.2 cm, 14.6 ± 0.1 cm and 13.5 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. The corresponding values for Woyto-Guji female goats were 24.8 ± 0.3 kg, 57.4 ± 0.2 cm, 61.9 ± 0.2 cm, 68.3 ± 0.2 cm, 12.1 ± 0.1 cm, 17.3 ± 0.1 cm, 10 ± 0.2 cm, 13 ± 0.1 cm and 13.4 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. The observed variations in production system and morphological traits among the sample populations coupled with their adaptive traits would indeed justify the need for designing breed improvement programme for both breeds.

Phenotypic characterization of three strains of indigenous goats in Tanzania

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Madubi ◽  
G.C. Kifaro ◽  
P.H. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Indigenous Goats ◽  
Similar Body

SummaryCharacterization of three strains of indigenous goats found in three regions of Tanzania was undertaken on the basis of their phenotypes viz: body weight and measurements, colour pattern, ears and horns.The three strains differed in the body weights and in the frequencies of the different coat colours. The Dodoma and Mtwara strains had similar body measurements, whereas the Kigoma strain was significantly smaller.

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