scholarly journals Density and sowing season of two Brachiaria species on the soybean culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Saraiva ◽  
E.A.L. Erasmo ◽  
J.F. Mata ◽  
B.F. Dornelas ◽  
D.F. Dornelas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Sowing Season

The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and yield of soybean cultivar M-8766 in consortium with Brachiaria brizantha. BRS Piata and Brachiaria ruziziensis at different densities and sowing dates. The experimental design was randomized blocks with treatments arranged in a factorial 2 x 2 x 3 with four replications. Used as factors grass species (Brachiaria brizantha Piata and Brachiaria ruziziensis BRS) intercropped with soybean M-8766, sowing dates (12 and 24 days after soybean emergence) and three seeding rates (0, 5, 10 kg ha-1 of seed). At 71 days after soybean emergence were evaluated plant height, stem diameter, dry mass of leaves, stems and shoots, and 4 months after sowing determined the weight of 100 grains and soybean yield. The results showed that when seeded at a density of 10 kg ha-1 at 12 and 24 DAE soy, Brachiaria brizantha. BRS Piata caused reduction in yield in the order of 6.71% and 3.03% respectively, while the Brachiaria ruziziensis was one that caused a greater reduction in productivity in the order of 13.42 and 16.23%, respectively, of these values expression when considering the price of soybean sack. B. ruziziensis expressed less competitive with soybean. However, the large biomass production of this grass provides deployment system till the next harvest.

PERÍODOS DE DESSECAÇÃO DO CAPIM RUZIZIENSIS E SEUS EFEITOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
ANA PAULA SILVA ◽  
MARILUCE PASCOINA NEPOMUCENO ◽  
ANDREISA FLORES BRAGA ◽  
PEDRO LUÍS DA COSTA AGUIAR ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Maize Plants

RESUMO – Considerando que há relatos de possível intoxicação de milho por causa da dessecação de capim braquiária, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o melhor período para semear o milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação da cobertura. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em seis períodos de dessecação do capim ruziziensis (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 e 0 dias antes da semeadura do milho) e uma testemunha sem cobertura. As dessecações foram feitas em pleno florescimento do capim ruziziensis com glyphosate a 1,44 kg ha-1. Foram avaliadas as plantas de milho aos 30 e 50 dias após a semeadura (DAS) quanto à altura, área foliar, massa seca de folhas e caule. Aos 150 DAS, foi avaliada a altura de plantas e a inserção da espiga, diâmetro e comprimento da espiga, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos. A dessecação do capim ruziziensis no mesmo dia da semeadura do milho reduziu a altura das plantas, a altura de inserção da espiga, o diâmetro da espiga e a produtividade de grãos. A melhor época para a semeadura do milho ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ após a dessecação de capim ruziziensis com glyphosate foi aos 25 dias após a dessecação.Palavras-chaves: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cobertura vegetal, plantio direto, glyphosate. EFFECTS OF DESICCATION PERIODS OF RUZIZIENSIS GRASS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE  ABSTRACT - Considering the possible occurrence of maize intoxication due to the desiccation of ruziziensis grass, the objective of this study was to evaluate the best period for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ in the no-tillage system. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The treatments consisted of six periods of desiccation of ruziziensis grass (25, 20, 15, 10, 05 and 0 days before sowing maize) and one control without cover. The desiccations were done at full bloom of the ruziziensis grass with glyphosate at 1.44 kg ha-1. The maize plants were evaluated at 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS) for height, leaf area, leaf and stem dry biomass. At 150 DAS, plant height and cob insertion, cob diameter and length, 100 grain mass and yield were evaluated. The desiccation of ruziziensis grass in the same day of maize sowing caused reduction in plant height, cob insertion height, cob diameter and yield. The best time for sowing ‘Yield Gard DKB 390 YC’ was 25 days after desiccation of ruziziensis grass with glyphosate.Keywords: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Urochloa ruziziensis, cover crop, no-tillage, glyphosate.

scholarly journals Effect of Compost Application on the Growth of Acacia nilotica

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
H.M.U. Saqib ◽  
I. Ahmad ◽  
M.H.U. Rashid ◽  
T.H. Farooq ◽  
M. Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Pot Trial

Abstract Acacia nilotica is an important agroforestry specie, which is used in both compact and linear forms. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of compost on the growth performance and biomass production of A. nilotica. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used to analyze the variations among several growth morphological traits. Two parallel trials, pot trial (seedlings), field trial (saplings) were conducted simultaneously. Compost and litter mixture were applied in mentioned trials. Following treatments were used: T0 – control; T1 - 25% of compost and 75% of nursery soil; T2 - mixture of 50% nursery soil and 50% compost; T3 - mixture of 75% compost and 25% of nursery soil; T4 - where 100% compost was applied. Increase in plant growth was observed with the increases in the amount of compost mixture. In field trial maximum plant height, shoot length, root length, rootshoot ratio and biomass production was observed when 100% compost level was applied, while minimum was observed without any compost appli-cation. In pot trials, the maximum plant height, rootshoot ratio and biomass production was recorded when 75% compost level was applied. Overall, Acacia performed better with 100% of compost application in field trail and 75% of compost application in pot trial. The results of this study demonstrated the positive effects of compost on the growth of Acacia. The seedling development was improved considerably with different levels having greater percentage of organic fertilizer and it was concluded that compost improves soil fertility and it should be used as organic fertilizer in farming and forestry practices for improving crop growth and yield.

scholarly journals Chicken Manure and Phosphorus Influence on Biomass Production and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Ocimum kilimandscharicum

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Vânia Tomazelli de Lima ◽  
Maria do Carmo Vieira ◽  
Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio ◽  
Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽  
Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

The effects of soil incorporation of five rates of semi-decomposed chicken manure (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1), with and without the addition of phosphorus (200 kg P2O5 ha-1) on biomass production and chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of African blue basil were evaluated. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The first cut of plants was performed at 70 days after transplanting (DAT) and the second at 140 DAT. The addition of 20 t ha-1 of chicken manure to the soil induced increase in plants height, fresh and dry mass production and yield of essential oil. The use of chicken manure induced an increase in camphor content and decreased content of 1,8 cineole. After regrowth, biomass production of African blue basil was higher when compared to the first cut.

scholarly journals Development of Different Grass Species with the Use of the Growth Regulator Trinexapac-Ethyl

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. MARCHI ◽  
A.C. SILVA JUNIOR ◽  
D. MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT: The use of synthetic compounds to retard the growth of lawns aims at reducing the number of operations for their maintenance. Thus, the main goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of trinexapac-ethyl on the development and rooting of five different grass species. Bahiagrass, St. Augustine grass, Japanese lawn grass, Bermuda grass and, broadleaf carpetgrass were grown in pots of 20 L. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications. Trinexapac-ethyl (g ha-1) was applied at doses of 113+113, 226+113, 226+226, 452+113, 452+226, 452+452 in a sequential spraying, and also at single doses of 678 and 904. The second application was carried out 14 days after the first. On the day prior to applications all species were cut at 3 cm height. The phytotoxicity evaluations were performed weekly, and evaluations on plant height, number and height of inflorescences, biomass of aerial parts and roots were carried out 35 days after the second application. The trinexapac-ethyl application was effective in inhibiting the development of the Japanese lawn grass, Bermuda grass and broadleaf carpetgrass when applied in sequential doses higher than 226 g ha-1, or single doses of 678 or 904 g ha-1 and, the visual appearance of lawns was not affected. In the case of St. Augustine grass and Bahiagrass species, the growth regulator did not promoted reduction in the growth of both grass species.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of lettuce plants under salinity

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerônimo L. Andriolo ◽  
Gean L. da Luz ◽  
Maiquel H. Witter ◽  
Rodrigo dos S. Godoi ◽  
Gisele T. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Positive Effect

Lettuce plants, cv. Vera, were grown under five salinity levels in a hydroponical experimental set-up using a 0.15 m deep sand growing bed. A standard nutrient solution was used, with the following composition, in mmol L-1: 16.9 NO3-; 2.0 H2PO4-; 1.0 SO4- 4.0 Ca++; 10.9 K+ e 1.0 Mg++, and, in mg L-1, 0.42 Mn; 0.26 Zn; 0,05 Cu; 0,50 B; 0,04 Mo, and 4.82 chelated Fe. The five salinity levels compared as treatments were obtained by varying the concentration of the standard nutrient solution, reaching average electrical conductivities (EC) of 0.80; 1.93; 2.81; 3.73 and 4.72 dS m-1, for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The nutrient solution at each salinity level was supplied from a reservoir by means of a flooded-type electrical pump, for 15 minutes, at intervals of 90 minutes during the day and 420 minutes during the night. A completely randomised experimental design was used with four replications and 20 plants per plot. Four plants of each plot were harvested at 32 days after planting, to determine shoot and root dry mass, shoot fresh weight, leaf area and number of leaves per plant. Number of leaves was 18 per plant and was not affected by treatments. Dry mass of leaves increased 24,4% from T1 to T3. No relationships were found on data from stem and root dry mass. A positive effect of EC was recorded on shoot fresh mass, which increased 28.5% from T1 to T2, and decreased 16.5% from T2 to T5. Maximum LAI estimated value was 4.3 m² m-2 for an EC of 2.6 dS m-1. Salinity levels above 2.0 and 2.6 dS m-1 reduce fresh yield and plant growth, respectively.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON GROWTH, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD OF FOUR WHEAT VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Ainullah Habibi ◽  
Tamim Fazily
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Test

A field experiment entitled “Effect of sowing dates on growth, yield attributes and yield of four wheat varieties” was conducted during winter season of 2016-17 on sandy loam soils of Poz-e-Ishan Research Farm of Agricultural Faculty of Baghlan University. The experiment was laid out in split plot design viz. four dates of sowing comprised of (16th November, 01st December, 16th December and 31st December 2016) as main plot treatments and four varieties (Solh 02, Gul 09, Muqawim 09, Kabul 013) as sub plot treatments with four replications. The highest plant height, number of effective per plant, test weight and grain yield of wheat was recorded with all varieties sown on 16 Nov-16, which was statistically identical with all treatments sown on 01 Dec-16 but significantly higher over rest of date of sowing. Among wheat varieties Kabul 013 and Gul 09 produced significantly higher plant height, number of effective per plant, test weight and grain yield of wheat over rest of the varieties. KEY-WORDS: Date of sowing, wheat varieties, growth and yield

scholarly journals The influence of morphological and geographical traits on yield of Miscanthus sinensis during the first two years

2019 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nuananong Purente Qiang Li, Lanming Cui ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Junhua Peng ◽  
Miao He
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Highly Correlated

Miscanthus is a C4 perennial energy crop distributed in various regions of China. Miscanthus sinensis has a high potential for biomass production, great adaptability to marginal land and tolerance to stress environmental. It's very important for the production and development of biofuel to review both the morphological and geographical traits on yield. However, the relevance of biomass yield and the geographical position of habitat are still not well known. In the present study, investigations of heading date, plant height, stem number and dry biomass per plant were carried out to calculate the influence of the morphological traits on yield. The investigation was based on 327 Miscanthus sinensis accessions collected from 21 provinces from all over China. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the two-year field experiment. The data for the second year was used to perform the analysis of variance and regression. Statistical data analysis was also performed on the variation of the biomass and morphological traits over successive period of study. The results showed that the growth included plant height and stem number in the following year was much better than the first year, particularly the biomass. Regression analysis revealed that latitude, plant height, and stem number were the key morphological traits that influence the biomass production. Also, heading date and elevation were found to be highly correlated to yield structure. These results demonstrated that the growth and yield were strongly influenced by geographical location, and apart from morphological traits, geographical traits were important factors that affect biomass.

scholarly journals Cultivo da cenoura submetida à aplicação de doses de biofertilizante

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
José Lucas Guilherme Santos ◽  
Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim ◽  
Joaquim Vieira Lima Neto ◽  
Erivan Alves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Over Time

<p>O modelo de produção agrícola convencional é economicamente viável, no entanto, é responsável por inúmeros impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e aos indivíduos que o compõe. Baseado neste contexto surge a necessidade à adoção de novas tecnologias que permitam uma produção equiparável, de tal forma que conserve os recursos naturais e que diminua os impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Com isto objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar o cultivo da cenoura sob a aplicação de biofertilizante. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação dos fatores tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante, 10, 20, 30 e 40 dias e quatro concentrações do biofertilizante, 25, 40, 55 e 70%. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram altura das plantas e número de folhas a cada 10 dias após o desbaste até a colheita, após a colheita foi avaliado número de folhas, altura das plantas, massa seca das folhas e massa fresca e seca da raiz. Para as características avaliadas ao longo do tempo observou-se que o tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante de 26 dias e a concentração do biofertilizante de 47% promoveu maior crescimento das plantas. Na colheita, observou-se que em média, o tempo de fermentação do biofertilizante de 30 dias e a concentração do biofertilizante de 50% promoveram maior crescimento e produção das plantas.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Growing carrot submitted the application of doses of biofertilizer</em></strong></p><p><strong>A</strong><strong>bstract: </strong>Conventional agricultural production model is economically viable, however, is responsible for numerous negative impacts on the environment and the individuals who compose it. Based on this context there is a need to adopt new technology providing equivalent production in such a way that conserves natural resources and to decrease the negative impacts on the environment. With this objective of this work was to study the cultivation of carrots under the application of biofertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The treatments resulted from the combination of factors fermentation time of biofertilizers, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days and four bio-fertilizer concentrations, 25, 40, 55 and 70%. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4 x 4, with four replications. The characteristics were plant height and number of leaves every 10 days after thinning and harvesting, post-harvest was estimated number of leaves, plant height, dry mass of leaves and fresh and dry root. For the characteristics evaluated over time was observed that the biofertilizer fermentation time of 26 days and the concentration of 47% biofertilizer promoted greater plant growth. At harvest, it was observed that on average the biofertilizer fermentation time of 30 days and the concentration of 50% biofertilizer promoted enhanced growth and yield of plants.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Safflower grown in different sowing dates and plant densities

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2145-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Antonio Bellé ◽  
Edileusa Kersting da Rocha ◽  
Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes ◽  
Mauricio Neuhaus ◽  
Natalia Teixeira Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Total Plant

The objectives of this study were to test the effects of different plant densities on stem characteristics in two growing seasons: Fall/Winter and Spring/Summer. The plant densities evaluated were 48, 64, 80, 96, 112 and 128plants m-2. The Fall/Winter growing season was from 04/04/2008 to 23/08/2008 and the Spring/Summer growing season was from 03/10/2008 to 23/12/2008. Total and partial plant height did not differ among plant densities in the Fall/Winter growing season. However, in the Spring/Summer growing season total plant height had a quadratic response to increase in plant population whereas the partial height did not vary. In the Fall/Winter cultivation, plants presented larger stems and branches diameter, branches length and total number of nodes main stem and branches diameters, number and length of branches, fresh and dry mass decreased as density increased in the two growing seasons. The capitulum's diameter decreased as density increased in the Fall/Winter growing season, but at the Spring/Summer growing season it decreased in the density from 48 to 96plants m-2 and increased in the density from 112 a 128plants m-2.

scholarly journals Pengaruh dosis kascing dan bioaktivator terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) yang dibudidayakan secara organik

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Wahyudin ◽  
Aep Wawan Irwan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mustard Green

 Sari. Peningkatan produktivitas sawi (Brassica juncea L.) dapat dilakukan secara organik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis kascing dan penggunaan bioaktivator terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri atas sembilan kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang empat kali, masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan adalah: tanpa kascing dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 5 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 5 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 10 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 10 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 15 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 15 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 20 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; serta kascing 20 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kascing dan bioaktivator memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman dibandingkan dengan tanpa pemberian kascing dan bioaktivator. Dosis pupuk kascing 5 ton/ha tanpa bioaktivator merupakan dosis yang dianjurkan karena memberikan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah, dan berat kering yang sama dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya yang diberi pupuk kascing dan bioaktivator pada dosis yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci: Pupuk Kascing, Bioaktivator, Tanaman Sawi, Budidaya Organik  Abstract: Brown mustard yield can be increased based on organic farming. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vermine compost dose and bioactivactor application on the growth and yield of brown mustard.  The experimental design used Randomized Block Design. There were nine treatments: without vermi manure and without bioactivator; vermi manure 5 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 5 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 10 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 10 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 15 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 15 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 20 ton/ha and without biactivator; and vermi manure 20 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; with four replications.  The results of experiment showed that all dosages of vermi manure fertilizer and bioactivator increased the plant height, number of leaves, and biomass of plant. Dosage 5 ton/ha vermi manure without biactivator gave the best result on biomass of plant.Keywords: Vermi Manure, Bioactivator, Mustard Green, Organic Farming

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