Congenital malformations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors

This study aims to estimate the prevalence of congenital malformations and their correlation with socioeconomic and maternal variables. The design was cross-sectional, based on a sample of 9,386 postpartum women after admission for childbirth in maternity hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected through interviews with mothers in the immediate postpartum, as well as by consulting the patient records of both the mothers and newborn infants. Prevalence of congenital malformations at birth was 1.7%, and minor malformations were the most frequent. Neural tube defects were the most frequent major malformations. According to multivariate analysis, congenital malformations were statistically associated with: maternity hospitals belonging to or outsourced by the Unified National Health System (SUS) and inadequate prenatal care (¾ 3 visits). This study highlights the importance of measures for health promotion and disease prevention in childbearing-age women, with special attention to prenatal care and childbirth, which can directly influence neonatal indicators and prevention of birth defects.

Download Full-text

Is it time to administer acellular pertussis vaccine to childbearing age/pregnant women in all areas using whole-cell pertussis vaccination schedule?

Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy ◽

10.1177/25151355211015842 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 251513552110158

Author(s):

Abdoulreza Esteghamati ◽

Shirin Sayyahfar ◽

Yousef Alimohamadi ◽

Sarvenaz Salahi ◽

Mahmood Faramarzi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Age Groups ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Childbearing Age Women ◽

The Mean

Background: Whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine administration is still advocated for children under 7 years of age in Iran. However, there is no recommendation for the administration of a dose of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to childbearing age/pregnant women in the Iranian vaccination program and it has increased the risk of infection through waning immunity during women’s childbearing age life. The study aimed to assess the levels of anti- Bordetella pertussis antibodies in childbearing age women of different ages in Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total number of 360 childbearing age women divided into six age groups, with 5-year intervals from 15 to 45 years old, in 2018–2019. Then, the levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against B. pertussis were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IBM SPSS Statistics software (version 16.0) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.01 ± 8.35 years (range 14–45 years). All the cases were IgM negative, but two IgA-positive individuals (in the age groups of 14–19 and 30–34 years) were reported. Overall, 239 (66.4%) cases were IgG positive. The mean age of IgG-positive cases was 30.37 ± 8.37 years. The IgG-positive cases were mostly in the age groups of 30–34 and 35–39 years [43 (71.1%)]. The odds of IgG positivity were 1.97. The highest odds of IgG positivity were seen in 30–34 and 35–39 years groups (2.52) and the lowest odds were seen in the 20–24 and 25–29 years groups (1.60). Using the Jonckheere–Terpstra test, the increasing trend of IgG changes in different age groups was not statistically significant (Tπ=5.78, p = 0.09). Conclusion: The infants of women of childbearing age might be prone to pertussis in countries using the wP vaccination schedule. It is suggested to administer a dose of Tdap to women before or during pregnancy to increase the immunity of their infants against this disease during early infancy.

Download Full-text

Relation of Knowledge About Breast Cancer with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Behavior Implementation on Childbearing Age Women in Bandung

SEAJOM: The Southeast Asia Journal of Midwifery ◽

10.36749/seajom.v5i1.41 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

Chris Sriyanti

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Data Collection Instrument ◽

Childbearing Age Women ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Self Examination

Breast cancer is a serious threat for women all over the world including Indonesia. Self Breast-Examination (BSE) is one of important early detection efforts in reducing morbidity and mortality due to breast cancer. The implementation of BSE as a behavior is influenced by many factors, including knowledge. This study aims was to analyze the relation of knowledge about breast cancer with the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women at Bandung, West Java. Cross-sectional design was used with 420 respondents. Women over the age of 20 were randomly selected to participate in this study. Questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. Data was analyzed by using Chi-Square with statistical significance level at p <0.05. The results showed that 56.2% of respondents had good knowledge about breast cancer and 43.8% were still at low level, while the implementation of BSE was also still low at 39% (IK 95%: 34, 5% -43.8%). There was significant relation between knowledge about breast cancer and the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women in Bandung (p <0.001).

Download Full-text

Conformity of pre-gestational weight measurement and agreement of anthropometric data reported by pregnant women and those recorded in prenatal cards, City of Rio de Janeiro, 2007-2008

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2013000300011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 670-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roberta Pereira Niquini ◽

Sonia Azevedo Bittencourt ◽

Maria do Carmo Leal

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

National Health System ◽

Weighted Kappa ◽

Measurement Process ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Measurement

Objective: To assess the conformity of the weight measurement process in the pre-gestational care offered in the city of Rio de Janeiro by primary units and hospitals of the National Health System, as well as to verify the agreement between the anthropometric data reported by pregnant women and those recorded in prenatal cards. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007 - 2008 with two cluster samples: one to obtain a sample of pregnant women to be interviewed and another one for the weight measurement procedures to be observed. The conformity of the weight measurement process was evaluated according to the Ministry of Health standards, and the agreement between the two sources of anthropometric data was evaluated using mean differences, Bland-Altman method, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Kappa. Results: Out of the twelve criteria for weight measurement evaluation (n = 159 observations), three weren't in conformity (< 50% of conformity), two of them only need to be assessed when the scale is mechanical. For the interviewed pregnant women (n = 2,148), who had the two sources of anthropometric data, there was a tendency of self-reported height overestimation and pre-gestational and current weight and Body Mass Index underestimation. Accordance between the two sources of anthropometric information, according to ICC and weighted Kappa, were high (> 0.80). Conclusion: Studies may use weight and height information reported by pregnant women, in the absence of prenatal cards records, when it is an important economy to their execution, although the improvement of these two sources of information by means of better anthropometric process is necessary.

Download Full-text

Study on TT Vaccination Status of Female Students of Khulna

Medicine Today ◽

10.3329/medtoday.v31i2.41965 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 117-119

Author(s):

Farhana Ferdaus ◽

Susmita Nargis ◽

Heera Lal Roy ◽

Ehsanul Islam ◽

Md Tazul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Large Scale ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Lower Class ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medicine Today

Introduction: The purpose of giving the TT vaccine to women of childbearing age and to pregnant women is to protect them from tetanus and to protect their newborn infants against neonatal tetanus. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on January, 2017 to find out the TTvaccination status of students of Khulna Government Pioneer Girls College, Khulna. During scheduled time period. Data were collected from 100 respondents selected by purposive type of convenient sampling by face to face interview using a prepared mixed type of questionnaire. Results: Among total respondent’s majority 36(36%) were belonged to 17-19 years of age group. People of our country nowadays more aware of TT vaccination as 97 (97%) of our total respondents had knowledge about TT vaccination. Achievement in TT vaccination coverage has been impressive throughout the country in recent years. It has also been reflected in our study, we had 84(84%) coverage and 55 (42%) of our respondents had completed their vaccination (5doses). Establishment and improvement of infrastructure of government health organizations 70(83.33%) of our study population received vaccination in government organization. Acceptance of TT vaccination has increased to a satisfactory level. In our study TT vaccination coverage was maximum (85.51%) in upper class and only (71.43%) in lower class respondents. Conclusion: Despite high knowledge, completion of recommended doses of TT vaccine was not guaranteed due to stock-outs coupled with detrimental cultural and religious beliefs.That is why large scale study is needed to find out TT coverage among women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) of Bangladesh which can ensure the real scenario as well as factors related to this. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 117-119

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Chlamydia Trachomatis among Pregnant Women, Gynecology Clinic Attendees, and Subfertile Women in Guangdong, China: A Cross-sectional Survey

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab206 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Changchang Li ◽

Weiming Tang ◽

Hung Chak Ho ◽

Jason J Ong ◽

Xiaojing Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Sex ◽

Childbearing Age Women

Abstract Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a major cause of infertility and adverse birth outcome, but its epidemiology among childbearing-age women remains unclear in China. This study investigated the prevalence of CT and associated factors among Chinese women aged 16-44 years who were either 1) pregnant; 2) attending gynaecology clinics; or 3) subfertile. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey and recruited participants from obstetrics, gynaecology, and infertility clinics in Guangdong, between March to December, 2019. We collected information on individuals' socio-demographic characteristics, previous medical conditions, and sexual behaviours. First-pass urine and cervical swabs were tested using nucleic acid amplification testing. We calculated the prevalence in each population and subgroup by age, education, and age at first sex. Multivariable binomial regression models were used to identify factors associated with CT. Results We recruited 881 pregnant women, 595 gynaecology clinic attendees, and 254 subfertile women. The prevalence of CT was 6.7% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 5.2%-8.5%), 8.2% (95%CI: 6.2%-10.7%), 5.9% (95%CI: 3.5%-9.3%) for the above three populations, respectively. The subgroup-specific prevalence was highest among those who had the first sex before 25 years and older pregnant women (>35 years). The proportion of asymptomatic CT was 84.8%, 40.0%, and 60.0% among pregnant women, gynaecology clinic attendees, and subfertile women, respectively. Age at first sex (<25 years), multipara, and ever having more than one partner increased the risk of CT. Conclusion Childbearing age women in China have a high prevalence of CT. As most women with CT were asymptomatic, more optimum prevention strategies are urgently needed in China.

Download Full-text

Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ketidaklancaran Proses Persalinan Normal

Timorese Journal of Public Health ◽

10.35508/tjph.v1i1.2121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Veronika Uba Petan ◽

Maria M. Dwi Wahyuni ◽

Amelya B. Sir

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Infant Mortality ◽

Program Planning ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital District ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Maternity Hospitals

The result of not fluent parturition will cause infection, bleeding, fatigue, anxiety, premature rupture of membranes, fetal injury and asphyxia in infants that can increase maternal and infant mortality. Health Office Data in NTT 2013 showed that the number of maternal deaths in the district Lembata 3 cases out of 3.075 labors. The infant mortality rate as much 67 cases and as much 32 cases of neonatal mortality.The infant mortality rate in the district Lembata is still quite high enough that ranks 6 of 21 districts in NTT Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors associated with disfluencies parturition in a public hospital district Lewoleba-Lembata 2015. This research method is an analytical observation with a cross-sectional survey design by interviewing mothers in maternity hospitals in an obstetrics room of 60 people. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test to determine factors associated with not fluent, then proceed with the contingency coefficient test to determine the relationship variable, if the value of p <0.05. The results showed, there is a significant relationship between maternal age (p=0.002), maternal nutritional status (p=0.034), family support (p=0.047), compliance with antenatal care (p=0.007) with not fluent parturition. Recommended for health care workers to perform program planning relating to the extension to women of childbearing age to prevent risk factors that can cause not fluent parturition.

Download Full-text

High Prevalence of Syphilis and Inadequate Prenatal Care in Brazilian Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.18-0912 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 101 (4) ◽

pp. 761-766

Author(s):

Kelle Cristhiane Soria Vieira Benedetti ◽

Anny Danyelly da Costa Ribeiro ◽

Júlio Henrique Ferreira de Sá Queiroz ◽

Amanda Barbosa Dias Melo ◽

Roque Beltrão Batista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Inadequate Prenatal Care

Download Full-text

Access to and utilization of prenatal care services in the Unified Health System of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2013000400015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 953-965 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues ◽

Maria do Carmo Leal ◽

Zulmira Maria de Araújo Hartz ◽

Marcos Augusto Bastos Dias ◽

Marcelo Vianna Vettore

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Health System ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Services ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Late Start ◽

The City

Prenatal care consists of practices considered to be effective for the reduction of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, studies have demonstrated inequities in pregnant women's access to prenatal care, with worse outcomes among those with lower socioeconomic status. The objective of this study is to evaluate access to and utilization of prenatal services in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS - Unified Health System) in the city of Rio de Janeiro and to verify its association with the characteristics of pregnant women and health services. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007-2008, using interviews and the analysis of prenatal care cards of 2.353 pregnant women attending low risk prenatal care services of the SUS. A descriptive analysis of the reasons mentioned by women for the late start of prenatal care and hierarchical logistic regression for the identification of the factors associated with prenatal care use were performed. The absence of a diagnosis of pregnancy and poor access to services were the reasons most often reported for the late start of prenatal care. Earlier access was found among white pregnant women, who had a higher level of education, were primiparous and lived with a partner. The late start of prenatal care was the factor most associated with the inadequate number of consultations, also observed in pregnant adolescents. Black women had a lower level of adequacy of tests performed as well as a lower overall adequacy of prenatal care, considering the Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento (PHPN - Prenatal and Delivery Humanization Program) recommendations. Strategies for the identification of pregnant women at a higher reproductive risk, reduction in organizational barriers to services and increase in access to family planning and early diagnosis of pregnancy should be prioritized.

Download Full-text

Factors associated with non-adherence to prescribed iron supplement use: a study with pregnant women in the city of Rio de Janeiro

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil ◽

10.1590/1806-93042016000200007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 189-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roberta Pereira Niquini ◽

Sonia Duarte de Azevedo Bittencourt ◽

Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽

Cláudia Saunders ◽

Maria do Carmo Leal

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

National Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Basic Care

Abstract Objectives: to identify factors associated with non-use of iron supplements (IS) by pregnant women attending National Health System (SUS) prenatal care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007/2008 with a representative sample of pregnant women using SUS hospitals and basic care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The group that had gestational age of ≥ 20 weeks at the time of the interview and who had been prescribed IS (n=1407) was subjected to a Poisson multiple regression model to estimate the association between use and independent variables. Results: of the 1407 pregnant women, 65% reported use of IS. Younger age, black skin/race, larger number of births, not having received guidance on use of IS, not having tried to obtain IS at the SUS (with a stronger association between pregnant women with lower levels of education and lower household assets indicator - HAI) and not having been able to obtain them at the SUS (amongpregnant women with lower HAI) were significantly associated with non-use. Conclusions: the guidance of health professionals regarding use of IS and their regular availability may increase adherence to prescription among pregnant women and prevent iron deficiency anemia.

Download Full-text

PERINATAL CARE IN A NORTHEASTERN BRAZILIAN STATE: STRUCTURE, WORK PROCESSES, AND EVALUATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF ESSENTIAL NEWBORN CARE

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 140-148

Author(s):

Felipa Daiana Bezerra ◽

Maria Alexsandra da Silva Menezes ◽

Rosemar Barbosa Mendes ◽

José Marcos de Jesus Santos ◽

Débora Cristina Fontes Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perinatal Care ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Newborn Care ◽

Risk Classification ◽

Capital City ◽

Work Processes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Essential Newborn Care ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Maternity Hospitals

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the structure and the processes of care for pregnant women/newborn infants, including the Essential Newborn Care (ENC), in maternity hospitals in Sergipe State, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out between June 2015 and April 2016 in all maternity hospitals of Sergipe with more than 500 deliveries/year (n=11). A questionnaire on the existing structure and work processes was administered to the managers. Subsequently, a representative number of postpartum women from these hospitals were interviewed (n=768). Their medical records, as well as newborn infants’ records, were also analyzed. Results: Sergipe has 78 beds of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and 90 beds of Intermediate Care Unit (IMCU) to meet spontaneous and programmed demand. Only six maternity hospitals (54.5%) performed the risk classification, and four (36.3%) had protocols for high-risk parturient care. Regarding the ENC components, only 41% (n=315) of the women had early skin-to-skin contact with their babies, 33.1% (n=254) breastfed in the first hour of life, and 18% (n=138) had a companion always during birth. Conclusions: The distribution of NICU beds between capital city and other cities of the State is adequate, considering Brazilian guidelines. However, there was a low adherence to the protocols for hypertensive and hemorrhagic emergencies, and a low coverage of humanization policies, pregnancy risk classification and ENC practices, especially breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and companion always during birth.

Download Full-text