scholarly journals Inspected and non-inspected chilled chicken carcasses commercialized in Viçosa, MG, Brazil: microbiological parameters and Salmonella spp. occurrence

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinícius Coutinho Cossi ◽  
Michelle Vieira de Almeida ◽  
Mariane Rezende Dias ◽  
Paulo Sérgio de Arruda Pinto ◽  
Luís Augusto Nero
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Sixty samples of chilled chicken carcasses submitted (30) and not submitted (30) to Brazilian inspection services were analyzed to investigate if inspected and non-inspected chilled carcasses represented different food safety risks in the region of Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The mean counts of indicator microorganisms (mesophilic aerobes, Enterobacteriaceae, total coliforms and Escherichia coli) of samples belonging to the inspected and non-inspected lots did not present significant differences (P>0.05). Also, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed for the numbers of Salmonella spp. and E. coli (higher than 2log cfu g-1) between samples submitted or not to inspection. Statistical differences were observed between the two sample classes only for the numbers of mesophilic aerobes higher than 4 and 5log cfu g-1 (P<0.05). The obtained results indicated the limitations of microbiological parameters to differentiate inspected and non-inspected chilled chicken carcasses commercialized in the specific studied area.

Microbial Quality, Safety, and Pathogen Detection by Using Quantitative PCR of Raw Salad Vegetables Sold in Dhanbad City, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUJEET K. MRITUNJAY ◽  
VIPIN KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Salad Vegetables

ABSTRACT Consumption of ready-to-eat fresh vegetables has increased worldwide, with a consequent increase in outbreaks caused by foodborne pathogens. In the Indian subcontinent, raw fresh vegetables are usually consumed without washing or other decontamination procedures, thereby leading to new food safety threats. In this study, the microbiological quality and pathogenic profile of raw salad vegetables was evaluated through standard protocols. In total, 480 samples (60 each of eight different salad vegetables) of cucumber, tomato, carrot, coriander, cabbage, beetroot, radish, and spinach were collected from different locations in Dhanbad, a city famous for its coal fields and often called the “Coal Capital of India.” The samples were analyzed for total plate count, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. Incidences of pathogens were detected through quantitative PCR subsequent to isolation. Results showed that 46.7% (for total plate counts) and 30% (for total coliforms) of samples were unacceptable for consumption per the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. Pathogenic microorganisms were detected in 3.7% of total samples. E. coli O157:H7 was detected in three samples of spinach (2) and beetroot (1); L. monocytogenes was detected in 14 samples of spinach (8), tomato (3), cucumber (2), and radish (1); and Salmonella spp. were detected in 16 samples of spinach (7), tomato (3), beetroot (2), cucumber (2), carrot (1), and radish (1). Pathogens were not detected in any of the cabbage and coriander samples.

Dispersion and Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium during the Production of Marinated Beef Inside Skirt Steaks and Tri-Tip Roasts

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIFFANY M. MURAS ◽  
KERRI B. HARRIS ◽  
LISA M. LUCIA ◽  
MARGARET D. HARDIN ◽  
JEFFREY W. SAVELL
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Beef Products ◽  
Potential Food

To determine the depth of pathogen dispersion and the ability of pathogens to survive in enhanced beef products and spent marinade, beef inside skirt steaks and tri-tip roasts were vacuum tumbled with two commercial marinades. The marinades were inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium, resulting in an approximate count of 5.2 log CFU/ml. Both inside skirt steaks and tri-tip roasts were vacuum tumbled for 1 h and sampled immediately after tumbling (day 0), or were vacuum packaged, stored (ca. 4°C), and sampled on days 7 and 14. Samples of the spent marinade were taken after tumbling (day 0) and on days 3 and 7. For both marinades, Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 were dispersed throughout the inside skirt steaks during vacuum tumbling. Although Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 for the skirt steaks were still detectable after 14 days of storage, the log values were lower than those on days 0 and 7. For the tri-tip roasts, the pathogen distribution varied, depending on the thickness of the roasts, and pathogens were detectable on days 0, 7, and 14. The spent marinade sampled on days 0, 3, and 7 showed that the pathogens survived at refrigerated temperatures. Because pathogens can transfer to the interior of beef inside skirt steaks and tri-tip roasts when vacuum tumbled with contaminated marinade and survived during refrigerated storage, establishments should consider the potential food safety risks associated with reuse of marinade during the production of vacuum-tumbled beef products.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of shellfish and evaluation of compact dry EC for detecting total coliforms and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vásquez García ◽  
S.H. Gomes de Sá ◽  
G. de Sousa Silva ◽  
J.E. Mejia Ballesteros ◽  
E. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of oysters and mussels grown in Cananéia, Brazil, by analysing mesophiles, psychrothophic bacteria, moulds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., and to compare the efficiency of Compact Dry EC method and the conventional method for counting of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The microbial analysis showed that the mean values of mesophilic counts were 3.14±0.81 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.92±0.90 for mussels; the mean values of psychrophilic counts were 2.78±0.75 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.22±0.75 log CFU g−1 for mussels; the mean values of mould and yeast counts were 3.70±0.58 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.33±0.81 log CFU g−1 for mussels. Salmonella spp. did not present positive results, and the maximal count of Staphylococcus aureus was 1.7 log CFU g−1, therefore, within the limits established in the legislation. The correlation coefficients between the Compact Dry EC method and conventional method were >0.87 for total coliform and E. coli counts for both types of shellfish. The data in this study show that the Compact Dry EC method is an acceptable alternative to conventional methods for enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in shellfish.

scholarly journals Microbiological Survey of Wheat Flour Sold at Retail in Canada, 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
helen zhang ◽  
Etsuko Yamamoto ◽  
Johanna Murphy ◽  
Catherine Carrillo ◽  
Kate Hardie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Two Samples

Following two O121 STEC outbreaks linked to wheat flour, this study was conducted to gain baseline information on the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and levels of indicator organisms in wheat flour in Canada. A total of 347 pre-packaged wheat flour samples were analyzed for Salmonella spp., Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes ( L. monocytogenes ) , aerobic colony count (ACC), total coliforms, and generic Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) . Salmonella spp. and O157 STEC were not detected in any of the samples. L. monocytogenes was identified in two samples (0.6%) at levels below the limit of detection (&lt;0.7 log CFU/g). Non-O157 STEC were isolated from six samples (1.7%) and were characterized for the presence of STEC virulence genes: stx 1, stx 2 and subtypes, eae , hlyA, and aggR . One O103:H25 STEC isolate carried virulence genes ( stx 1 a + eae ) that are known to be capable of causing diarrhea and/or bloody diarrhea in humans. Of the five remaining non-O157 STEC isolates, four carried single stx 2a or stx 2c genes and were considered to have the potential of causing diarrhea. The remaining non-O157 STEC isolate ( stx 2 ), while not a priority non-O157 STEC was not available for sequencing and thus its potential to cause illness is unknown. ACC, total coliforms, and generic E. coli were detected   in 98.8%, 72.6% and 0.6% of the flour samples. The mean counts of ACC were greater in whole-wheat flour as compared to the other flour types tested ( p &lt;0.001). The results of this study suggest that the occurrence of O157 STEC and Salmonella  is low, but the occurrence of non-O157 STEC in wheat flour with the potential to cause human illness of diarrhea is relatively common. Therefore, the consumption of raw flour could increase the likelihood of STEC infections. Further research is merited for potential risk mitigation strategies within the food production system and with consumers.

Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104, and Listeria monocytogenes in Fresh Meat Decontamination Fluids at 4 and 10°C

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 950-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN SAMELIS ◽  
JOHN N. SOFOS ◽  
PATRICIA A. KENDALL ◽  
GARY C. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safety Risks

Bacterial pathogens may colonize meat plants and increase food safety risks following survival, stress hardening, or proliferation in meat decontamination fluids (washings). The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104, and Listeria monocytogenes to survive or grow in spray-washing fluids from fresh beef top rounds sprayed with water (10 or 85°C) or acid solutions (2% lactic or acetic acid, 55°C) during storage of the washings at 4 or 10°C in air to simulate plant conditions. Inoculated Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104 (5.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/ml) died off in lactate (pH 2.4 ± 0.1) and acetate (pH 3.1 ± 0.2) washings by 2 days at either storage temperature. In contrast, inoculated E. coli O157:H7 (5.2 ± 0.1 log CFU/ml) and L. monocytogenes (5.4 ± 0.1 log CFU/ml) survived in lactate washings for at least 2 days and in acetate washings for at least 7 and 4 days, respectively; their survival was better in acidic washings stored at 4°C than at 10°C. All inoculated pathogens survived in nonacid (pH &gt; 6.0) washings, but their fate was different. E. coli O157:H7 did not grow at either temperature in water washings, whereas Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104 failed to multiply at 4°C but increased by approximately 2 logs at 10°C. L. monocytogenes multiplied (0.6 to 1.3 logs) at both temperatures in water washings. These results indicated that bacterial pathogens may survive for several days in acidic, and proliferate in water, washings of meat, serving as potential cross-contamination sources, if pathogen niches are established in the plant. The responses of surviving pathogens in meat decontamination waste fluids to acid or other stresses need to be addressed to better evaluate potential food safety risks.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL LOAD OF SMALL RUMINANT CARCASSES, LIVERS, SOME LYMPH NODES, TOOLS AND KNIFE SAMPLES IN SLAUGHTERHOUSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Durmuşoğlu ◽  
Gökhan Kürşad İncili ◽  
Alper Güngören ◽  
Osman İrfan İlhak
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Liver Surface ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological loads of small animal carcasses, carcass lymph nodes, whole liver surface, liver lymph nodes and some tools contacting with carcass and offal. Total 630 samples taken from small animal carcasses, livers, hepatic lymph nodes, subiliac and prescapular lymph nodes, staff knives and slaughterhouse tools samples (stainless steel table, plastic crates, offal carts) were investigated for mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli counts and Salmonella spp. The mean total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli numbers of the carcasses were 3.6, 0.6, and 0.1 log10 CFU/cm2 , respectively, and the most contaminated region among the carcass sampling points was flank. The mean TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts of the liver surfaces were 6.0, 3.7, 2.9 log10 CFU/liver, respectively. The average TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli numbers of the knives were found as 6.3, 2.9 and 2.1 log10 CFU/blade, and the average TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts of the slaughterhouse surfaces were 5.1, 1.6, 0.5 log10 CFU/cm2. Salmonella spp. was detected in 4% of the liver samples and 10% of the knives samples. Consequently, the presence of Salmonella on the surface of livers and blades, and high number of E. coli on the livers, blades and tools show that a public health risk may arise at any time, and staff should pay extra attention to the “Good Hygiene Practices” and Food Safety Management Systems (such as HACCP) applied in slaughterhouses.Key words: carcass; liver; lymph node; microbiological quality; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Salmonella spp.OCENA MIKROBIOLOŠKE OBREMENITVE TRUPOV MALIH PREŽVEKOVALCEV, JETER IN NEKATERIH BEZGAVK TER ORODIJ IN NOŽEV V KLAVNICIPovzetek: Namen študije je bil določiti mikrobiološko obremenitev trupov malih živali, bezgavk na trupih, celotne površine jeter, jetrnih bezgavk in nekaterih orodij, ki prihajajo v stik s trupom ter drobovjem. Pregledanih je bilo 630 vzorcev trupel malih živali, jeter, bezgavk, jetrnih bezgavk, nožev in orodij za klavnice (mize iz nerjavečega jekla, plastični zaboji, zaboji za drobovino). Ugotavljali smo prisotnost mezofilnih aerobnih bakterij, Enterobacteriaceae ter število bakterij Escheria coli in Salmonella spp. Povprečna skupna količina aerobnih mezofilnih bakterij (TAMB), Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli je bila 3,6, 0,6 in 0,1 log10 CFU/cm2. Najbolj onesnaženo področje pri vzorčenju trupov je bilo na boku trupov. Povprečno število TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na površinah jeter je bilo 6,0, 3,7 in 2,9 log10 CFU/jetra. Povprečno število TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na nožih je bilo 6,3, 2,9 in 2,1 log10 log10 CFU/rezilo, povprečno število TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na klavniških površinah pa 5,1 in 1,6, 0,5 log10 CFU/cm2. Salmonello spp. smo odkrili v 4 odstotkih vzorcev jeter in na 10 odstotkih nožev. Prisotnost salmonele na površini jeter in rezil ter veliko število bakterij E. coli na jetrih, rezilih in orodju kažejo na to, da te bakterije lahko predstavljajo tveganje za javno zdravje. Osebje bi moralo dodatno pozornost nameniti „dobri higienski praksi “in sistemom upravljanja varne hrane (na primer HACCP), ki se uporablja v klavnicah.Ključne besede: trup zaklanih živali; jetra; limfni vozli; mikrobiološko onesnaženje; Enterobacteriaceae; Escheria coli; Salmonella spp.

Evaluation of the wastewater treatment plant of Rome airport

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gabrieli ◽  
M. Divizia ◽  
D. Donia ◽  
V. Ruscio ◽  
L. Bonadonna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Somatic Coliphage ◽  
Final Effluent

The wastewater plant of Rome airport, which receives all the sewage from the airport as well as the cess from aeroplanes, was analysed for microbiological parameters. From the bacteriological point of view, in the water and sludge samples the densities of the faecal indicator of pollution and the presence of Salmonella spp and Vibrio cholerae as bacteriological pathogens were determined. At the same time, samples were analysed for the presence of enteric viruses and phages. Overall, the mean reduction of the faecal coliforms was 96%, E. coli 92% and faecal streptococci 99%. Salmonella spp was identified in all but one of the final effluents and V. cholerae in 2/10. Enteric viruses were identified in all but one of the raw waters and in three samples of final effluent. Bacteriophages (somatic coliphage, F-plus phage and B40-8), were found in all the samples but irregularly. Phages and enteric viruses were also found in the prefilter membranes used for prefiltering the raw water samples.

Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli Biotype I on Swine Carcasses Processed under the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point–Based Inspection Models Project

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1305-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK L. TAMPLIN ◽  
INGRID FEDER ◽  
SAMUEL A. PALUMBO ◽  
ALAN OSER ◽  
LISA YODER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Processing Steps

The present study examined the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and the prevalence and quantity of generic (biotype I) Escherichia coli on carcasses or in pig feces at a pork processing plant operating under the hazard analysis and critical control point–based inspection models project (HIMP) program. The surfaces of carcasses were sponged on 10 separate days over a 30-day period at two processing steps: (i) immediately following exsanguination (100 carcasses), and (ii) after the carcasses were washed, eviscerated, and chilled overnight (122 carcasses). Feces were also collected from 60 of the 100 sponged, postexsanguinated pigs. Salmonella spp. were detected on 73.0% of the 100 postexsanguinated pigs, in 33.3% of the 60 fecal samples, and on 0.7% of the 122 chilled carcasses. E. coli was found on 100.0% of the postexsanguinated pigs and on 30.1% of chilled carcasses tested. The mean concentration of E. coli on carcasses was 1,700 CFU/cm2 immediately after the exsanguination step and 1.1 CFU/cm2 at the chilled carcass stage. Previous studies at this processing plant showed that the pre-HIMP baseline level of Salmonella spp. on the chilled carcasses was 0.8%, indicating that the present HIMP inspection system produced an equivalent level of bacteriological performance.

scholarly journals Parâmetros de Qualidade da Nata de Produção Artesanal

2019 ◽  
pp. 071-077
Author(s):  
Neide Kazue Sakugawa Shinohara ◽  
Indira Maria Estolano Macedo ◽  
Thaynna Leocádio Trajano Lacerda Sousa ◽  
Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel ◽  
Maria do Rosário de Fátima Padilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Material ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nutritional Recommendation ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococcus

An important dairy basin located in the region of Agreste of Pernambuco, maintains the tradition in the production of milk and derivatives, having in the cream a lipid food of great sensorial appreciation. However, its artisanal production can compromise the physical-chemical and hygienic-sanitary quality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the microbiological parameters and the centesimal composition of the cream produced in the Agreste of Pernambuco. Total coliforms at the mean concentration of 4.0 x 102 CFU.g-1 and thermotolerant coliforms up to 20 CFU.g-1 were found, the latter in a concentration above the limit allowed by RDC No. 12 (BRASIL, 2001). the amount of up to 10 CFU.g-1, thus proving the presence of fecal material next to the product. The presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus and Salmonella spp. The centesimal composition of the cream showed 531.07 kcal, 39.39% humidity, 0.26 g ash, 0.92 g of carbohydrate, 1.7 g of protein, and 57.73 g of lipids. Considering the microbiological results and the centesimal composition, it is observed that the cream studied should be consumed with moderation, since besides presenting a high percentage of lipids, above the nutritional recommendation, that is up to 30%, it is unsafe as to its consumption, due to the presence of thermotolerant coliforms above the limit allowed by current sanitary legislation.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ready-to-Eat Street Foods

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Shobha Giri ◽  
Vaishnavi Kudva ◽  
Kalidas Shetty ◽  
Veena Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

As the global urban populations increase with rapid migration from rural areas, ready-to-eat (RTE) street foods are posing food safety challenges where street foods are prepared with less structured food safety guidelines in small and roadside outlets. The increased presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in street foods is a significant risk for human health because of its epidemiological significance. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have become important and dangerous foodborne pathogens globally for their relevance to antibiotic resistance. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential burden of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae contaminating RTE street foods and to assess the microbiological quality of foods in a typical emerging and growing urban suburb of India where RTE street foods are rapidly establishing with public health implications. A total of 100 RTE food samples were collected of which, 22.88% were E. coli and 27.12% K. pneumoniae. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 25.42%, isolated mostly from chutneys, salads, paani puri, and chicken. Antimicrobial resistance was observed towards cefepime (72.9%), imipenem (55.9%), cefotaxime (52.5%), and meropenem (16.9%) with 86.44% of the isolates with MAR index above 0.22. Among β-lactamase encoding genes, blaTEM (40.68%) was the most prevalent followed by blaCTX (32.20%) and blaSHV (10.17%). blaNDM gene was detected in 20.34% of the isolates. This study indicated that contaminated RTE street foods present health risks to consumers and there is a high potential of transferring multi-drug-resistant bacteria from foods to humans and from person to person as pathogens or as commensal residents of the human gut leading to challenges for subsequent therapeutic treatments.

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