scholarly journals Bloat and colic in horses experimentally induced by the ingestion of Panicum maximum cv. ‘Mombaça’

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2033-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valíria Duarte Cerqueira ◽  
Gabriela Riet-Correa ◽  
Marcos Dutra Duarte ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Oliveira ◽  
Franklin Riet-Correa
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Experimentally Induced

In the Amazon region, sprouting pastures of Panicum maximum cause colic and death in horses and mules. To produce the disease two experiments were performed with growing P. maximum cv. 'Mombaça' in penned horses. In Experiment 1, at the beginning of the raining season, 10 horses were fed with recently harvested sprouting P. maximum. Two horses showed colic on the 5th and 11th day after start of the ingestion. In Experiment 2, also during the raining season, the same 10 horses used in Experiment 2 were divided into two groups of 5 horses each. Group 1 received sprouting P. maximum immediately after harvested and Group 2 received the grass 24 hours after harvested. The control group consisted of four animals which were placed in individual pens and fed with Pennisetum purpureum and commercial ration twice a day. One horse from Group 2 showed colic on day 13th after the start of feeding. The other horses of both groups showed intestinal bloat. In both experiments affected horses recovered after the end of the administration. The control group did not showed clinical signs. These results demonstrated that the disease is caused by the ingestion of sprouting P. maximum during the rainy season. The results in experiment 2 showed that P. maximum do not loss toxicity 24 hours after harvesting. Clinical signs suggest that primary alteration caused by P. maximum is intestinal fermentation followed by bloat.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the concentration of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcielle Bruna Dias Elias ◽  
Rivelilson Mendes de Freitas ◽  
Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves ◽  
Hemerson Yuri Ferreira Magalhães ◽  
Jacqueline Holanda de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea in outpatient's setting. Methods: Of the 65 patients with sickle cell anemia selected for the study, 51 were not treated with hydroxyurea (Group 1), 14 made chronic use of hydroxyurea (Group 2) and 20 individuals had no hemoglobinopathies (Control Group). Results: The Control Group had a lower and more homogeneous concentration of malondialdehyde levels as compared to the other groups. The results of Groups 1 and 2 showed increased values of malondialdehyde levels when compared to the Control Group. Considering the values of Groups 1 and 2, there were no significant changes in the malondialdehyde levels. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of nitrite between the groups. Group 2 presented a statistically significant correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and the clinical variables investigated. In turn, Group 1 showed correlation only with occurrence of three or more vaso-occlusive crises. There was no correlation between nitrite levels and the clinical variables. Conclusion: The results revealed that during the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia, an increase in lipid peroxidation was observed. On the other hand, no changes in oxidative parameters were detected during treatment with hydroxyurea, probably due to the short period of treatment of the patients studied.

scholarly journals Treatment of ovarian cysts in sows – a field trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cech ◽  
R. Dolezel
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Interval Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Different procedures of treatment of large follicular ovarian cysts in 177 sows using GnRH, hCG and PGF2α are evaluated in this study. Ovarian cysts were diagnosed by transcutaneous ultrasonography, which was a part of routine pregnancy diagnosis. No treatment was performed in the control group (Group 1, <i>n</i> = 29); the method of treatment used in the other groups immediately after the diagnosis was intramuscular administration of lecirelin in doses 50 µg (Group 2, <i>n</i> = 28), 100 µg (Group 3, <i>n</i> = 27) and 200 µg divided into 2 equal doses administered at a 12-hour interval (Group 4, <i>n<i> = 25) and of hCG in doses 1 500 IU (Group 5, <i>n</i> = 23), 3 000 IU (Group 6, <i>n</i> = 21), and 250 µg of cloprostenol (Group 7, <i>n</i> = 24). Insemination rate (IR), conception rate (CR) in inseminated sows, pregnancy rate (PR = recovery rate), treatment-insemination interval (TII) and treatment-pregnancy interval (TPI) within 42 days after the initial examination were evaluated. In addition PR in groups of sows divided according to parity (1–3, 4–6 and ≥ 7) were also evaluated. IR and PR were higher in Group 4 (84.0% and 44.0%) and lower in Group 1 (17.2% and 6.9%) in comparison with the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and <i>P</i> < 0.05). CR, TII and TPI did not differ between the experimental groups. PR were similar in sows with different parity. The study proved a positive response in sows with large follicular ovarian cysts to the treatment consisting of 2 administrations of 100 µg GnRH at a 12-hour interval.

scholarly journals Effect of deslorelin on the induction of estrus in anestrous bitches

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Lanna ◽  
A.P. Marques Jr. ◽  
R.H. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Injectable Formulation ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

The efficacy of one or multiple doses of an injectable formulation of deslorelin (a GnRH agonist) was evaluated to induce estrus in anestrous bitches. Thirteen animals composed three groups: group 1 (n=5, single IM injection of 2mg deslorelin), group 2 (n=5, four IM injections of 2mg deslorelin in alternate days), and control group (n=3, four IM saline injections in alternate days). Daily clinical evaluations, sexual behavior, vaginal cytology, plasma progesterone concentration, ovaryhysterectomy and macroscopic evaluation of the uterus and ovaries were done. In group 1, none of the bitches showed signs of estrus, while two developed clinical signs and vaginal cytology of proestrus. In group 2, all animals presented proestrus, four presented estrus, and three ovulated; resulting in a functional corpus luteum and high progesterone concentration until day 25 of diestrus, when ovaryhysterectomy was performed. The duration of the stages of deslorelin induced cycles and the progesterone profile were similar to those described in the literature, and no side effects were observed. In conclusion, injectable formulation of deslorelin in multiple injections was effective to induce fertile estrus in anestrous bitches.

scholarly journals Dissemination of bacteria labeled with technetium-99m after laparotomy and abdominal insufflation with different CO2 pressures on rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Bettini Pitombo ◽  
Clarice Abreu dos Santos Albuquerque de Faria ◽  
Luciana Camargo Bernardo ◽  
Klaus Steinbruck ◽  
Mario Bernardo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Indirect Detection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Bacterial Dissemination ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To asses the dissemination of bacteria labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) from peritoneal cavity after different surgical procedures. METHODS: Bacteria of the Escherichia coli species labeled with 99mTc were used in a concentration of 10(8) units of colony-makers for ml (UFC/ml) and 1ml was inoculated through intra-peritoneal via. Forty-eight rats were divided into four groups: control, laparotomy, pneumoperitoneum with 10mmHg and pneumoperitoneum with 20mmHg of CO2. Procedures were performed 20 min after injection of the inoculum and lasted 30 min. Animals were sacrificed after six hours (Group 1) and 24 hours (Group 2). Samples of blood, liver and spleen were collected for radioactivity counting. RESULTS: After six hours, indirect detection of the bacteria in different organs was uniform in all groups. After 24 hours, a larger detection of technetium was observed in the livers of animals of the group insufflated with 20mmHg of CO2, when compared with those of control group (p<0.01). The other groups did not present statistically significant variations. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a higher intra-abdominal pressure was associated with a higher bacterial dissemination to the liver. The application of lower intra-abdominal pressures may be associated with a lower dissemination of the infectious status during laparoscopic approach of peritonitis status.

scholarly journals Shear bond strength of brackets to demineralize enamel after different pretreatment methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rengin Attin ◽  
Bogna Stawarczyk ◽  
Defne Keçik ◽  
Michael Knösel ◽  
Dirk Wiechmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective: To compare the influence of demineralized and variously pretreated demineralized enamel on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Materials and Methods: Sixty bovine enamel specimens were allocated to five groups (n  =  12). Specimens of group 1 were not demineralized and were not pretreated, but served as controls. The other specimens were demineralized to form artificial carious lesions. Samples from group 2 were only demineralized and were kept untreated in artificial saliva. The other samples were pretreated with highly concentrated fluoride preparations (group 3: Elmex Gelee, 1.23% F; group 4: Clinpro White Varnish, 2.23% F) or with an infiltrating resin (group 5: Icon). After respective pretreatments, brackets were adhesively fixed on all specimens with an adhesive system after etching with 35% phosphoric acid and application of a primer and bracket resin cement (Transbond XT). Bracket shear bond strength was evaluated with a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by a post-hoc Scheffé test. Results: Shear bond strength in control group 1 was statistically significantly greater compared with that in all other groups. Application of the infiltrating resin Icon (group 5) as pretreatment resulted in statistically significantly greater bond strength as compared with pretreatments with fluoride compounds (groups 3 and 4) and treatment provided without pretreatment (group 2). Groups 2, 3, and 4 did not significantly differ from each other. Conclusion: Pretreatment with the infiltrating resin is a beneficial approach to increasing the shear bond strength of brackets to demineralized enamel.

scholarly journals Differential and diagnostic significance of monocytosis in treatment of moderate forms of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shperling ◽  
E. Shperling ◽  
A. Kovalev ◽  
A. Vlasov ◽  
A. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Treatment of COVID-19-associated pneumonia in the overwhelming majority of cases is accompanied by empirical prescription of antibiotic therapy. According to a number of studies carried out, the addition of a bacterial infection in this disease is noted less often than in other viral pneumonias, in particular, caused by the influenza virus. In addition, the occurrence of leukocytosis in response to therapy with glucocorticosteroids (GCS) is often perceived as an attachment of bacterial flora and is the reason for initiating antibiotic therapy. Therefore, an urgent task is the correct interpretation of leukocytosis in response to GCS therapy in COVID-19. The purpose of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes of venous blood in patients with moderate COVID-19 with systemic use of GCS. Also we aimed to determine the differences in these indicators between the group of patients with indirect signs of bacterial infection and the group of patients receiving GCS. We analyzed the indicators of the complete blood count of 154 patients in the temporary infectious diseases hospital in the “PATRIOT” Park of the Moscow region with confirmed moderate form of COVID-19. The comparison group (1) consisted of 128 patients without clinical signs of bacterial infection and leukocytosis on admission, who were prescribed GCS therapy. The control group (2) consisted of 26 people who, upon admission, showed signs of a bacterial infection - a cough with purulent sputum in combination with neutrophilic leukocytosis. The dynamics of cells in venous blood was assessed in patients of group (1) before the start, 3 and 6 days after the start of GCS therapy. We also compared the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes between patients with developed leukocytosis from group (1) in response to GCS therapy and group (2). As a result of the study, an increase in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes was revealed according to the data of the complete blood count test in patients of the group (1) on days 3 and 6 of GCS therapy. All patients with developed leukocytosis (103 people) had no clinical signs of bacterial infection. In patients with developed leukocytosis from group (1), an increase in the number of monocytes was revealed (0.90 (0.84; 1.02) on day 3 of GCS and 0.94 (0.87; 1.26) on day 6 of GCS) compared with group (2) (0.61 (0.50; 0.71)), p <0.001. The number of leukocytes and neutrophils did not differ between the groups. The appearance of monocytosis when taking GCS may be due to the presence of macrophage activation syndrome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and, therefore, increased activation of monocytes. The use of GCS in this case leads to inhibition of the migration of monocytes to the inflammation area and to the stimulation of the production of their anti-inflammatory pool (M2 cells) by the bone marrow. This fact causes an increase in the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood. Monocytosis in response to GCS therapy can be a differential diagnostic criterion between glucocorticoid-induced leukocytosis and the addition of a bacterial infection. This may be one of the factors influencing the decision to prescribe antibiotic therapy, and may also be a criterion for the effectiveness of GCS immunosuppressive therapy in COVID-19, which requires further study.

scholarly journals Oral N - Acetyl Cysteine for Meconium Ileus of Preterm Infants

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek ◽  
Sema Arayici ◽  
Mehmet Buyuktiryaki ◽  
Nilufer Okur ◽  
Gozde Kanmaz Kutman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Meconium Ileus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Standard Medical Treatment ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Meconium ileus of preterm infant is a kind of intestinal obstruction. There is no standard medical treatment of meconium ileus of preterm infant. </p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> During the study period, preterm infants under 1250 g and have clinical signs of meconium obstruction were retrospectively included in the study. In the first two days, rectal saline and metoclopramide started and if not respond these infants assigned to receive oral or rectal n-acetyl cysteine and control group remained to receive a saline enema. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> One hundred and twenty-one infants were included in the study. Thirty-four of them received oral n-acetyl cysteine (group 1) and fifty-two had treated with rectal n-acetyl cysteine (group 2), thirty-five of them served as a control group (group 3). The mean gestational ages were 28, 28, 27 weeks and birthweights were 942, 1010, 965 grams for group 1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 respectively. There was a difference between groups for reaching full enteral feedings (13 ±2, 13 ±3, 15±3, group 1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 respectively, p=0.001). </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to this study, it can be stated that orally administered n-acetyl cysteine is tolerable and as effective as rectal n-acetyl cysteine when used for MIPI.</p>

scholarly journals Prophylactic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Saussurea Costus Roots Against Hepato- Renal Toxicity Induced by Diazinon in Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
Alaa K. Hamad ◽  
Mariam Kadhem
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The study was performed to investigate the prophylactic role of Saussurea costus roots in the functional and histological changes caused by diazinon in the liver and kidneysin chickens. 18 chickens were used of Arbor Acres strain at 54 days of age and 1300-1500 gm average of body weight was used for this purpose. The birds were divided into 3 groups equally (6chicken in each groups), Group 1: served as a control negative received distilled water 1 ml. Group 2: served as a positive control group, received diazinon at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day. Group 3: were given an ethanolic extractof Saussurea costus at dose 300 mg/kg, then after one hour administrated diazinon at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day, this group served as a prophylactic group. The doses were given orally once daily for 4 weeks.The results of group 2 showed clinical signs such as ruffled feathers, salivation, diarrhea, breathing from the mouth, teary eyes, drooping of wings. The body weights of the chickens and weights of the liver and kidneys of group 2 significantly declined (p≤ 0.05) compared with groups 1 and 3. There was a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in WBC count, lymphocyte, total protein, albumin, GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPX levels, while a significant increase (p≤0.05) in heterophil, ALT, AST, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and MDA compared with group 1. The gross examination of the liver and kidney of group 2 were pale, easily crumbles and smaller than that of group 1. Histopathological changes of the liver of group 2 including congested and dilated central vein, vacuolated cytoplasm of hepatocytes, focal necrotic tissue filled with inflammatory cells, thickening of the bile duct, thickening wall of the portal artery. fibroblast in portal area, dilated sinusoid. Histopathological changes of the kidney including dilatation of renal tubule, hemorrhage, and atrophy in the glomerulus. we concluded that administration of ethanolic extractof Saussurea costus resulted in amelioration of the morphological changes in diazinon treated chickens, improved parameters and restored the parameters to near normal compared with group 1. These results revealed that Saussurea costus roots acts as an antioxidant substance and has a hepatic and renoprotective effect against toxicity induced by diazinon.

scholarly journals Changing epidemiology of acute renal failure at a tertiary care hospital in North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e09-e09
Author(s):  
Raju Kumar ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Sapna Manhas ◽  
Poonam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
North India ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical condition with a significant economic burden worldwide. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the aetiology, clinical presentation and outcome of AKI from 2012-2014 and compared these findings with historical controls (2007-2011). Patients and Methods: This was an observational prospective comparative study with two groups - historical control group (group 1; 2007-2011) and prospective group (group 2; 2012-2014). Patients of either gender or aged between 18 and 70 years with AKI were included in the study. Demographic details, clinical signs and symptoms, and laboratory evaluations were noted. Outcomes evaluated were etiological parameters of renal failure, the outcome of renal failure and histology. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study (group 1, n=50; group 2, n=50). Overall, demographics were comparable between the two groups. Oliguria or anuria was the commonest presentation. Proteinuria was found in 12% and 6% of patients in group 1 and group 2, respectively. The mean (SD) serum creatinine at presentation was 5.39 (2.49) and 4.93 (2.99) in two groups, respectively. The medical causes were the most common etiological parameters of AKI (76% versus 94% in groups 1 and 2, respectively). Post-surgical and obstetrics causes were less prevalent in group 2. Acute interstitial Nephritis was common histology pattern in both group 1 and 2. The frequency of haemodialysis increased in group 2 and the mortality was decreased in both groups. Conclusion: Results showed that some etiological factors were slowly becoming less prevalent, while others were becoming more important factors in the genesis of AKI.

scholarly journals EFEITO DOS PROCEDIMENTOS DE ACABAMENTO E POLIMENTO NA RUGOSIDADE SUPERFICIAL DA CERÂMICA NORITAKE®

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cezar Oliveira ◽  
Alex Correia Vieira ◽  
Adriana Castro Andrade ◽  
Indira Almeida Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Diamond Paste ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of Noritake® ceramic after different methods of finishing and polishing. 40 specimens of Noritake® ceramic were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10) and subjected to different methods of finishing and polishing: Group 1 (control) - glaze; Group 2 - abrasive rubbers Astropol (Ivoclar Vivadent), felt disc and diamond paste; Group 3 - abrasive rubbers (Edenta), felt disc and diamond paste; Group 4 - Sof-Lex discs (3M ESPE), felt disc and diamond paste. Subsequently, the surface roughness was measured with rugosimeter (Mitutoyo SJ 301). The control group (G1) had the lowest surface roughness (0.68 μm) that was different statistically to the other groups (p0.05). The different methods of finishing and polishing were not able to promote a surface as smooth as the application of glaze in the ceramics tested.

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