scholarly journals Rice cold tolerance at the reproductive stage in a controlled environment

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pereira da Cruz ◽  
Sandra Cristina Kothe Milach ◽  
Luiz Carlos Federizzi
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Highly Correlated

Cold tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) during the reproductive stage is important to guarantee high yield under low temperature environments. Field selection, however, does not allow identification of adequate tolerance sources and limits selection of segregating lines due to variable temperature. The objective of this study was to devise methods for distinguishing rice genotypes as to their cold tolerance at the reproductive stage when evaluated under controlled temperature. The effect of cold temperatures was investigated in six rice genotypes at 17°C for varying length of time (three, five, seven and ten days) at two reproductive stages (microsporogenesis and anthesis). Cold tolerance was measured as the percentage of reduction in panicle exsertion and in spikelet fertility. Evaluating cold tolerance through the reduction in panicle exsertion did not allow for the distinction between cold tolerant from cold sensitive genotypes and, when the reduction in spikelet fertility was considered, a minimum of seven days was required to differentiate the genotypes for cold tolerance. Genotypes were more sensitive to cold at anthesis than at microsporogenesis and, as these stages were highly correlated, cold screening could be performed at anthesis only, since it is easier to determine. Rice cold tolerance at the reproductive stage may be characterized by the reduction in spikelet fertility due to cold temperature (17°C) applied for seven days at anthesis.

scholarly journals Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization for Cold Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
PS Biswas ◽  
H Khatun ◽  
M Anisuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Ssr Loci

Cold stress affects growth and development of rice plants from germination to reproductive stages. Thirty breeding lines/varieties including tolerant and susceptible check varieties were evaluated for cold tolerance at seedling and reproductive stage using artificially induced low temperature situations to understand the genetic relationship among them and to identify promising donors for cold tolerance. Three breeding lines, BR8253-9-3-4-3, IR77497-31-2-3-1and IR2266-42-6-2 demonstrated higher cold tolerance for the seedling stage (LD score <3.0). Molecular analysis revealed 68% genetic similarity among the genotypes. On average 64% of the breeding lines shared common alleles at any given locus ranging from 27% (RM22870) to 97% (RM186). UPGMA dendrogram showed that majority of the breeding lines showing 4-5 degrees of LD were grouped together. Two breeding lines, BR8258-7-1-5-2B2 and BR8258-7-1-5-2B3 having 86% common alleles showed low leaf discoloration (LD: 4) at seedling stage coupled with relatively low reduction in spikelet fertility (45.8% and 48.1%) and grain yield (43.3% and 39.1%). The gene diversity and PIC value revealed that seven SSR loci (RM1282, RM600, RM5349, RM6972, RM5847, RM5911, and RM511) might be the best markers to differentiate between tolerant and susceptible genotypes at reproductive stage. The breeding lines with tolerance to cold stress at the seedling and the reproductive stages identified from this study, and the SSR markers mentioned above could be useful for developing cold tolerance rice. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 1-15

THE BEHAVIOR OF THREE COLD-TOLERANT AND A STANDARD SOYBEAN VARIETY IN RELATION TO THE LEVEL AND THE DURATION OF A COLD STRESS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SCHMID ◽  
E. R. KELLER
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
The Stability

The cold tolerance of the varieties Gieso (Federal Republic of Germany), Amurskaja 41 (Russia), ISZ-7 and I-1 (Hungary) was investigated in growth chamber and greenhouse experiments. In the growth chamber trial, cool and cold temperatures reduced the grain yield of Gieso whereas ISZ-7 and I-1 increased their yields from the high temperature level to the coldest one. Amurskaja 41 had about the same yield in the warm and cool temperature regimes but in the coldest treatment, yields decreased compared with those of Gieso. The high quality of ISZ-7 and I-1 to compensate for stress periods as compared with Gieso and also with Amurskaja 41 is reflected in the average growth rate, the flower and pod formation and the dry matter production per plant. In the greenhouse experiment, duration of a cold stress at vegetative stages V1 and V3 and at the beginning of flowering was investigated. All tested varieties were able to compensate for cold stress of 10 days whereas only ISZ-7 and I-1 showed good yields under a long period of stress. These more cold tolerant varieties were particularly able to make good use of subsequent higher temperatures as expressed by the grain weight per degree Celsius. The stability of harvest index is also an important factor in cold tolerance investigations.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cold Tolerance of Immature Stages of Small Hive Beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Muhammad Noor-ul-Ane ◽  
Chuleui Jung
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Aethina Tumida ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Small Hive Beetle ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The small hive beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray, (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is now a global invasive pest of honey bees, but its cold tolerance potential has not been yet explored. Therefore, we measured the supercooling point (SCP) of different stages of SHBs and also the impact of acclimation on their SCPs and survival as a measure for cold tolerance. Combinations of different temperatures (0, 3, 5, 7, and 10 ∘C) for different hours (1, 3, 5, 7, 12, 24, 35, and 48 h) were used to assess SHB survival. The supercooling points occurred at lower temperatures (−19.4 ∘C) in wandering larvae than in the other stages (pupae: −12.5 ∘C, and feeding larvae: −10.7 ∘C). A lethal temperature (LT50) of feeding larvae was achieved earlier at 4.9 ∘C after 7 h exposure than the wandering larvae (3.7 ∘C at 48 h) and pupae (5.6 ∘C at 48 h). The sum of injurious temperature (SIT) is the most suitable estimation to describe cold resistance of the SHB immatures. The wandering larvae were the most cold tolerant, followed by pupae and feeding larvae based on SIT values of −286.8, −153.7 and −28.7 DD, respectively, and also showed more phenotypic plasticity after acclimation than feeding larvae and slightly more than pupae. Our results show that all stages, i.e., feeding larvae, wandering larvae and pupae, are chill susceptible. However, these stages, especially wandering larvae and pupae, showed the capacity to acclimate to cold temperatures, which may help them to survive in winter for the continuity of the SHB population, especially in a scenario of climate change.

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding for Improving Productivity of Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa 44 under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress through Introgression of a Major QTL, qDTY12.1

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Kyaw Swar Oo ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Successful Recovery

Increasing rice production is quintessential to the task of sustaining global food security, as a majority of the global population is dependent on rice as its staple dietary cereal. Among the various constraints affecting rice production, reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is a major challenge, due to its direct impact on grain yield. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring RSDS tolerance have been identified in rice, and qDTY12.1 is one of the major QTLs reported. We report the successful introgression of qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44, a drought sensitive mega rice variety of the northwestern Indian plains. Marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) was adopted to transfer qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44 in three backcrosses followed by four generations of pedigree selection, leading to development of improved near isogenic lines (NILs). Having a recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 94.7–98.7%, the improved NILs performed 6.5 times better than Pusa 44 under RSDS, coupled with high yield under normal irrigated conditions. The MABB program has been modified so as to defer background selection until BC3F4 to accelerate generational advancements. Deploying phenotypic selection alone in the early backcross generations could help in the successful recovery of RPG. In addition, the grain quality could be recovered in the improved NILs, leading to superior selections. Owing to their improved adaptation to drought, the release of improved NILs for regions prone to intermittent drought can help enhance rice productivity and production.

Rice-cold tolerance across reproductive stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Mitchell ◽  
S. L. Zulkafli ◽  
J. Bosse ◽  
B. Campbell ◽  
P. Snell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
F2 Generation

Cold temperature stress at the reproductive stage, particularly at booting and flowering stages can cause significant reductions in rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield particularly at high latitudes and elevation. Although genotypic variation for cold tolerance is known to exist, the tolerance mechanisms and genotypic consistency across the stages are yet to be understood for segregating populations. Three experiments were conducted under controlled temperature glasshouse conditions to determine floral characteristics that were associated with cold tolerance at the flowering stage and to determine genotypic consistency at the booting and flowering stages. Twenty F5 Reiziq × Lijiangheigu lines from two extreme phenotypic bulks selected for cold tolerance at booting stage in the F2 generation were utilised. Spikelet sterility under cold stress at booting was significantly correlated with spikelet sterility under cold stress at flowering (r = 0.62**) with five lines identified as cold tolerant across reproductive stages. There was also a positive correlation (r = 0.47*) between spikelet sterility under cold stress at booting at the F5 and at the F2 generation. The quantitative trait loci (QTL; qLTSPKST10.1) previously identified on chromosome 10 contributing to spikelet sterility within the F2 generation, was also identified in the F5 generation. Additionally, genomic regions displaying significant segregation between the progenies contrasting for their cold tolerance response phenotype were identified on chromosomes 5 and 7 with Lijiangheigu as allelic donor and an estimated reduction in spikelet sterility of 25% and 27%, respectively. Although genotypic variation in spikelet sterility at the booting stage was not related to the development rate for heading or flowering, those cold-tolerant genotypes at the flowering stage were the quickest to complete flowering. Cold-tolerant genotypes at the flowering stage had larger numbers of dehisced anthers and subsequently pollen number on stigma, which contributed to reduced spikelet sterility. It is concluded that enhanced anther dehiscence plays a significant role in improved cold tolerance at the flowering stage.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rice with Contrasting Photosynthesis and Grain Production under Salt Stress

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekklar ◽  
Suriya-arunroj ◽  
Pongpanich ◽  
Comai ◽  
Kositsup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Rice Varieties

Unfavourable environmental conditions, including soil salinity, lead to decreased rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity, especially at the reproductive stage. In this study, we examined 30 rice varieties, which revealed significant differences in the photosynthetic performance responses under salt stress conditions during the reproductive stage, which ultimately affected yield components after recovery. In rice with a correlation between net photosynthetic rate (PN) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) under salt stress, PN was found to be negatively correlated with filled grain number after recovery. Applying stringent criteria, we identified 130,317 SNPs and 15,396 InDels between two “high-yield rice” varieties and two “low-yield rice” varieties with contrasting photosynthesis and grain yield characteristics. A total of 2,089 genes containing high- and moderate-impact SNPs or InDels were evaluated by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, resulting in over-represented terms in the apoptotic process and kinase activity. Among these genes, 262 were highly expressed in reproductive tissues, and most were annotated as receptor-like protein kinases. These findings highlight the importance of variations in signaling components in the genome and these loci can serve as potential genes in rice breeding to produce a variety with salt avoidance that leads to increased yield in saline soil.

Backcross breeding for improvement of heat tolerance at reproductive phase in Thai rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
C. Malumpong ◽  
R. Buadchee ◽  
B. Thammasamisorn ◽  
P. Moung-ngam ◽  
B. Wasuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Abstract Heat stress during the reproductive and grain-filling stages leads to severe yield losses in rice, especially in irrigated areas during the dry season in Thailand. Thus, breeding for heat-tolerant rice is one of the strategies for developing rice crops adapted to the effects of high temperature in major growing regions. M9962, a fast neutron-induced mutant, was identified as a heat-tolerant line that was then used as a donor parent and crossed with the Phisanulok 2 (PSL2) cultivar (the recurrent parent) in a backcross breeding programme. Heat tolerance scoring under controlled greenhouse and field conditions was based on the percentage of spikelet fertility. Yield trials for the BC2F7 and BC3F6 lines were subsequently conducted under field conditions at three locations and under controlled greenhouse conditions during the dry season of 2019 (DS2019). In the early generation, 210 plants of the BC1F1 population and 440 plants of BC2F1 population were evaluated for their heat tolerance, and the spikelet fertility distribution within the BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC3F1 populations showed a skewed-right pattern. In addition, most rice plants in every generation were heat sensitive. Finally, compared with PSL2, the four-candidate heat-tolerant lines exhibited a high percentage of spikelet fertility and high yield. In addition, the one candidate line, BC2F7-6-5-4-1-1-21 was most similar to PSL2 in terms of genetic background, plant type and grain quality. Thus, backcross breeding programmes via the spikelet fertility can be used as an indirect trait to select for heat tolerance.

Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for morphological and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthika Gunasekaran ◽  
Rajeswari Sivakami ◽  
Robin Sabariappan ◽  
Govintharaj Ponnaiah ◽  
Vishnu Varthini Nachimuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Nine rice genotypes were evaluated for this present study. Genetic variability parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis were estimated for eleven agronomic and quality traits. Among all the genotypes, ASD 16 recorded highest significant grain yield per plant. In this present study, the PCV was higher than GCV for all the characters studied. The grain yield per plant recorded highest GCV, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance which indicates that the trait were governed by epistasis and dominant gene action. Number of productive tillers per plant and thousand grain weight showed positive significant correlation and direct effects on grain yield per plant. The purpose of this study is to estimate the amount of variability present in this material, which in turn helps to select these material for further breeding programme to develop high yield hybrids combine with blast and leaf folder resistance.

Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for cold tolerance at seedling stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
K Sumayya ◽  
MP Rajanna ◽  
CA Deepak ◽  
KV Shivakumar ◽  
GR Denesh
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Cold tolerance during germination is important for ensuring fast and uniform crop establishment. Rice plants are injured at the seedling stage when they are grown in early spring in temperate or subtropical environments. The productivity of rice is particularly low during spring due to cold, which is an important abiotic constraint, where low temperature prevails below 18 ºC. The present study was taken up to evaluate cold tolerance in 86 rice genotypes based on seed and seedling parameters as per Cruz and Milach (2004). Seeds were germinated under two conditions i.e.,160C for 28 days (cold) and 280C for 7 days (control).The genotypes showed highly significant differences forparameters such as germination (%), germination index (%), percentage of seeds with coleoptile superior to 5 mm (PERCOL), percentage of reduction in coleoptile length (REDCOL) and coleoptile regrowth (COLREG, cm).Both REDCOL and COLREG seem to be the most adequate characteristics to be used to evaluate cold tolerance during the germination period in rice. Among those genotypes, AC 35548, JBT 37/164, PS 353, KMP-175 andThanu were adjudged as promising when screened for cold tolerance under laboratory conditions based on the aforementioned parameters.

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