scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF POSTHARVEST SOLUTIONS FOR THE CONSERVATION OF CUT Oncidium varicosum (ORCHIDACEAE) INFLORESCENCES

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fabrino Machado Mattiuz ◽  
Ben-Hur Mattiuz ◽  
Teresinha de Jesus Deléo Rodrigues ◽  
Kelly Magalhães Marques ◽  
Ramilo Nogueira Martins
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Postharvest Life

The orchid Oncidium varicosum is a tropical plant with significant commercial value due to the beauty of its yellow inflorescences. Several authors have observed a reduction in the water content of cut flowers, consequently, wilting and senescence of petals are the main reasons for the termination of the decorative life of cut flowers. In this research, we studied the effects of several chemical compounds on the postharvest life of cut inflorescences of Oncidium varicosum 'Samurai'. These chemicals are as follows: sucrose (5%) plus 8-hidroxiquinoline citrate (8-HQC) (100 mg L-1) plus silver nitrate (AgNO3) (50 mg L-1); sucrose (5%) plus citric acid (75 mg L-1); quaternary ammonia at 30% (50 mg L-1); and sucrose (5%) plus quaternary ammonia at 30% (50 mg L-1). The highest values for average of relative water content, reducing carbohydrates and soluble sugars were recorded in the flowers treated with the sucrose (5%) plus 8-HQC (100 mg L-1) plus AgNO3 (50 mg L-1) solution. A reduction in color intensity occurred at 12 days postharvest in all treatments and the carotenoid content was reduced to the greatest extent in flowers maintained in distilled water. The lowest numbers of open flowers were observed at 12 and 15 days in the distilled water and quaternary ammonium treatments, being that the others treatments favored the anthesis. The Oncidium inflorescences treated with sucrose plus HQC plus AgNO3 demonstrated a higher number of open flowers and reached the longest longevity (22 days).

scholarly journals Etanol e ácido cítrico aumentam a longevidade de gérberas cv. Mistique

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Rúbia Kécia Marins Maia ◽  
Edivan Amaro da Silva ◽  
Rafael Mateus Alves ◽  
Maria Aparecida Dos Santos Morais ◽  
Marcos Ribeiro da Silva Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Stem Bending ◽  
Application Methods

Ethanol and citric acid can increase longevity in some cut flowers. However, its use must be extremely careful, with application methods and specific concentrations for each type of cut flower. Thus, the objective was to examine the physico-chemical and physiological changes in Gerbera cv. Mistique cut flowers treated with ethanol (Et) and/or citric acid (CA). Stem were selected and standardized to a length of 35 cm and maintained at 20 ± 2 ºC and RH 65 ± 2%, under continuous lighting. The flowers were subjected to two application methods (pulsing for 48 h and maintenance), using different concentrations of Et (4%, 6%, and 8%) and/or CA (100 and 200 mg L-1) and distilled water (control). A visual assessment and analyses of longevity, stem bending, fresh mass, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, and peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities were performed at every two days. The Et (4%) + CA (100 mg L-1) solution provided the greatest longevity, regardless of the application method. These results were the basis for a third experiment, in which the stems were immersed in pulsing solutions of Et (4%) and/or CA (100 mg L-1) and distilled water (control). The Gerbera flowers under Et + CA solution showed lower fresh mass loss and electrolyte leakage, higher relative water content and a slower increase in polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities. This allowed for delayed stem bending and better appearance, resulting in greater longevity compared to the other solutions.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzymatic Activities and Growth Response of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) to Exogenous Selenium Application

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Ahlam Khalofah ◽  
Hussein Migdadi ◽  
Ehab El-Harty
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
High Concentrations

Selenium is a trace element essential to many organisms, including higher plants. At low concentrations, it enhances growth and development; however, it is toxic at high concentrations. The development of crops with proper levels of selenium will be worth for both nutrition and Se-based therapeutics. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of the quinoa plant to 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L of Na2SeO3·5H2O. Selenium at low concentrations (2.5 and 5 mg/L), quinoa plant showed a significant increase of growth parameters, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, proline, total soluble sugars, and antioxidant enzymes activities as (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR)), and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 were reduced. However, high concentrations (10 and 20) mg/L caused a decrease in plant growth parameters, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments. In contrast, excess selenium increased the oxidative stress monitored by hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. The enzymatic antioxidant system responded to the selenium supply significantly increased. Osmolytes compounds, such as total sugars and proline, increased in selenium-treated plants. The increase in these osmolytes compounds may show a defense mechanism for the osmotic readjustment of quinoa plants to mitigate the toxicity caused by selenium. This study shows the morphological and physiological responses that must be considered for success in the sustainable cultivation of quinoa plants in environments containing excess selenium.

scholarly journals Study of Some Mechanisms of Tolerance and Avoidance of Water Deficit in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1512
Author(s):  
Mimouna Zerrouki ◽  
Zineb Regagba ◽  
Ahmed Adda
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Some mechanisms of drought tolerance and avoidance have been studied in eight barley genotypes. These include three local cultivars (Ttichedrett, Beldi, Saida) and five introduced (Malouh, Seg09, Mari29, Awblack, Beecher) which were grown under three different water supply (100% FC, 60% FC, 30% FC). The increase in intensity of the water deficit reduces differently the relative water content among tested genotypes. Thus, in the treatment of 60% FC, this reduction varies between 1% (Beldi) and 6% (Tichedrett, Beecher), while in the lot of 30% FC it reaches the limits of 3% (Beldi) and 18% (Seg09). The results show that plants grown under water deficit (60% CC, 30% FC) accumulate significantly soluble sugars (r = 0.54**) and K+ (r = 0.26**) compared to control plants (100% CC). Thus, under 30% FC, the accumulation of soluble sugars reached values of 195% and 208% observed at Mari29 and Awblack. The accentuation of the water deficit causes a significant reduction of the RWL particularly after 120 mn (r = -0.27**) which is accompanied by an increase of the stomatic resistance (r = 0.53**). To limit dehydration under the water deficit, tested genotypes were distinguished into three groups by adopting avoidance, tolerance or by combining the two strategies.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in Senescence and Water Relations in Cut Flowers of Anthurium andraeanum (Hort.)

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan D. Farrell ◽  
Sarah Evelyn ◽  
Adrian M. Lennon ◽  
Pathmanathan Umaharan
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum

The role of water status in determining vase life was investigated in three Anthurium andraeanum Hort. cultivars: Spirit, Success, and Honduras. The cultivars were selected based on their vase life in previous studies and designated as ‘Vshort’, ‘Vmed’ and ‘Vlong’ respectively. A timeline experiment observing spadix necrosis (bloom degradation) under controlled conditions determined end of vase life as 15, 18, and 36 days for Vshort, Vmed and Vlong respectively. Spathe relative water content (RWC) was closely associated with bloom degradation with all three cultivars reaching end of vase life at ≈75% spathe RWC. Membrane integrity of the spathe showed no association with bloom degradation before the end of vase life with increased ion leakage found only after spadix necrosis was visible, indicating that bloom degradation was driven by spathe water status rather than senescence induced by other factors. RWC of the peduncle base and apex showed no association with bloom degradation in any of the cultivars. In fact, base and apex RWC remained high throughout the experiment despite the consistent loss of spathe RWC. This suggests that the reduced water content of the spathe was not induced by reduced hydraulic conductance of the peduncle. Stomatal conductance (gS) was highest in Vshort (approximately twice that of Vlong) and likely contributed to the rapid loss of spathe RWC in this cultivar. However, Vmed and Vlong had similar gS rates and water uptake rates despite large differences in spathe RWC. Thus, the two cultivars differed in their ability to retain water within the spathe tissue. In all three cultivars, end of vase life was determined by spathe water status. Genotypic variation in vase life was not driven by differences in the hydraulic conductance of the peduncle as previously thought. Differences in spathe water status were partially explained by differences in gS but other factors were also involved.

scholarly journals Study of Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Behavior of Cultivated Legume (Lens culinaris Medik Ssp culinaris) in Dry Area of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
T. Fatiha ◽  
H. Abdelkrim ◽  
K. Mostefa ◽  
R. Waffa
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The victory over the protein deficiency afflicting millions of human beings is a crucial and urgent task for world agriculture. The legume Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) is one of the largest sources of protein with an average of 25% of all seeds produced worldwide. When used in crop rotation, it fertilizes the soil, as is the case in North Africa and this plant holds an important place throughout the world. In Algeria, lentil is largely growth in the semi-arid zones of the interior plains characterized by various abiotic constraints such as terminal drought which causes significant losses in lentil yield every year. For this purpose, the cases in this study aims to evaluate the effect of end of cycle water stress on the behavior of four varieties of lentil (Syrie 229, Metropole, Balkan 75 and Ibela) and to elucidate the plant’s morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters involved in tolerance and to assess varieties which could be grown under water stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory and greenhouse with a well-controlled condition. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design of two factors (water stress and varieties) with four replications and two treatments. Not treated plants (without water stress application) were utilized as control. The four tested genotypes were subjected to two water regimes, one irrigated throughout the cycle (No stressed) used as a control, the other one stressful from the beginning of flowering till seed’s filling stages (stressed). The study covered the variation of the relative water content in leaves as well as the leaf surface, the rate of proline and soluble sugars of the leaves and the total seed protein content. The obtained results showed that the studied genotypes behaved differently to the water stress. Thus, a significant decrease was observed in the relative water content from 75.29% to 70.71% and in the leaf area from 16.76 cm2 to 13.63 cm2. An opposite behavior was observed on the osmoticum accumulated as a response to water deficit. A significant increase in proline (150.14 μg/g DM to 203.69 μg/g DM) and in soluble sugars stress (60.42 μg/g DM to 110.21 μg/g DM) was detected in leaves under stressed conditions. The terminal water stress resulted also in an increase in protein content in lentil seeds from a mean value of 22.08% to 24.84%. Regarding the obtained results, Metropole genotype seems to be the most tolerant cultivar to water stress followed by Balkan 755.

scholarly journals Capacidade de reidratação de Lilium pumilum Redouté

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Mirelle Nayana De Souza Santos ◽  
Márcia Martins Tolentino ◽  
Rita de Cássia Lima De Oliveira ◽  
Ana Maria Mapeli
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Average Longevity

Among the ornamental flowers marketed as flower vase or cut, there is Lilium pumilum belonging to the Liliaceae family, which is characterized by having several stems with inflorescences containing buds, easy propagation and varied coloring. The marketing of cut flowers is a promising activity; however the transport demands attention due to water stress, which can impair the absorption of water and rehydration, yielding a negative water balance, since the absorption rate is less than the rate transpiration. Based on this assumption, the use of appropriate techniques that allow extending the longevity of the flowers is required. This study aimed to analyze the effect of storage time on the recovery of dry turgor L. pumilum. For this flower stems were dry-stored for 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. At the end of each period, the inflorescences returned to the water, and analyzed every 6 hours for changes in relative water content of the tepals (flower), orange buds and leaves. Daily evaluations were changes of weight and longevity. The relative water content of flower there was a sharp drop during periods of dry storage, but with recovery after 6 hours in water with greater efficiency in the treatment of 48 hours, with recovery of 86.8% relative to the control. As the relative water content of the button, all treatments were recovered. Regarding the variation of fresh mass, there was variation with the period of dry storage, and only the stems that remained for 12 to 24 hours to dry obtained superior recovery for loss of initial fresh weight within the first six hours of hydration at 118.7 and 26.01%, respectively. The average longevity of the stems was unchanged (6.8 days) for no treatment. Therefore, regardless of the duration of dry storage, there was recovery of turgor, indicating that flower stems of L. pumilum can be transported dry for periods up to 48 hours.

scholarly journals PENGARUH ASAM GIBERELAT (GA3) DAN KALIUM NITRAT (KNO3) SERTA INTERAKSINYA TERHADAP SENESCENCE BUNGA POTONG GERBERA PUTIH (Gerbera jamesonii).

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Maulidina Agustin ◽  
Martha Lulus Lande ◽  
Zulkifli Zulkifli ◽  
Tundjung Tripeni Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Simple Effect ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variance ◽  
Concentration Levels

The purpose of this study was to decide whether the mixture of KNO3 and GA3 solutions was more effective than a single solution of KNO3 or GA3 in maintaining the freshness of cut flowers. The study was conducted at the Botanical Laboratory of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung from November - December 2017. The research was carried out in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment with reason A was the GA3 solution with 3 concentration levels: 0%, 0.5%, and 1%. Factor B is KNO3 solution with 2 concentration levels: 0% and 5%. The limits in this study were fresh weight, dry weight, relative water content, and total dissolved carbohydrate content of gerbera cut flowers, qualitative limits were the level of reducing sugars. Measurements were made 7 days after soaking cut flowers in KNO3 or GA3 solutions, and a mixture of both. Homogeneity of variance and analysis of variance were determined at a significant level of 5%. Simple effect of KNO3 at each concentration level of GA3 decide by F test at 5% significance level. The results showed that GA3 with a concentration of 0.25% and 0.5% increased the fresh weight and dry weight of Gerbera cut flowers. KNO3 0.5% much reduced the relative water content of Gerbera cut flowers. The interaction between GA3 and KNO3 does not much effect all freshness of cut flowers. From the results of the study concluded that the single treatment of GA3 was more effective than the combination treatment of GA3 and KNO3 in maintaining the freshness of Gerbera cut flowers.

scholarly journals Silica Nanoparticles Enhances Physio-Biochemical Characters and Postharvest Quality of Rosa hybrida L. Cut Flowers

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha S. El-Serafy
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Preservative Solutions

Abstract The effect of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) preservative solutions on the postharvest quality of rose cut flowers was investigated in this study. SiNPs were used at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mg·dm−3. Treatments of SiNPs increased flower longevity compared to untreated flowers. Relative fresh weight, relative water content, and water uptake were improved because of SiNPs treatments. The enhancement in chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, as well as total phenol and flavonoid contents were positively correlated with SiNPs treatments. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly increased by control roses relative to treated ones. Activities of peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes significantly increased because of SiNPs treatments compared to the control. The treatment of 2 mg SiNPs·dm−3 maximized the longevity and improved the postharvest quality of cut roses. The results obtained suggested that SiNPs treatments could improve the longevity and postharvest quality of cut roses by reducing lipid peroxidation and motivating antioxidant machinery, therefore, retaining the membrane integrity.

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