scholarly journals Breast cancer mortality among patients attending a cancer hospital, Vitoria, ES

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-591
Author(s):  
Cristina Arthmar Mentz Albrecht ◽  
Maria Helena Costa Amorim ◽  
Eliana Zandonade ◽  
Kátia Viana ◽  
Juliana Oliosi Calheiros
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Cancer Hospital ◽  
System P ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The City

This study aimed to investigate the association between mortality of breast cancer women and the social-demographic and clinical characteristics. During the mortality study of 1,086 women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated from 2000 to 2005 at a cancer hospital in the city of Vitória, Espírito Santo, medical records and tumor registration cards were controlled. The Mortality Information System and the Reclink program were used to identify 280 deaths. Patients were classified under death and non-death, and variables percentages were calculated. For variables that showed statistical significance, considering the level of 0.10, the crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) were calculated by logistic regression model. There was a correlation between mortality and the following variables: women coming from the Unified Health System (p = 0.014; OR = 2.38), negative c-erb B-2 tumor marker (p = 0.027; OR = 2.03), advanced (III and IV) staging (p = 0.001; OR = 6.89 and OR = 17.13, respectively), presence of metastasis (p = 0.001; OR = 18.23) and recurrence (p = 0.010; OR = 3.53). Mortality associated with staging underlines the necessity of warning the population about the benefits of early diagnosis of the disease of cancer.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Determinants of Nonattendance in a Population-Based Mammography Screening Program in the City of Manisa, Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Erbay Dundar ◽  
Beyhan Cengiz Ozyurt ◽  
Koray Erdurak
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
The City

Objectives. Community based breast cancer screening has decreased breast cancer mortality in women. This study examined the predictors of nonattendence for invitational breast cancer screening in relation to socioeconomic status in the city of Manisa, in western Turkey.Study Design. For the evaluation of the reasons for refusing to participate in the study, two districts were selected. 446 women aged between 50 and 69 years were selected from the program database by systematic random sampling.Methods. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables and the adapted version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. Univariete and multivariete logistic regression analysis were performed throughout the data analysis.Results. Being from an urban district and being from the western region were the risk factors for not participating in the screening program (, ). A statistical significance was found between mammography-benefit, mammography-barrier and program participation (, ). Although there were many more barriers for not participating in the screening program for the women of the slum district, the attendence rate of the slum district was higher than that of the urban district.Conclusions. Increased attendance may be achieved through enhancement of breast cancer awareness and by reducing some of the modifiable barriers.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and health characteristics of elderly individuals: support for health services

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1230-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calíope Pilger ◽  
Mario Humberto Menon ◽  
Thais Aidar de Freitas Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The City

This is a sectional epidemiological study including a household survey. It describes the socio-demographic and health conditions of elderly individuals residing in Guarapuava, PR, Brazil. The study's sample consisted of 359 elderly individuals enrolled in primary health care units in the city. Interviews were conducted from January to April 2010 using sections I and II of the Brazil Old Age Schedule questionnaire. The results revealed that most interviewees were women (64.3%), health self-perception was considered 'good' by 54.6%, and the most prevalent diseases were hypertension (34.9%), diabetes mellitus (12,4%) and arthritis/arthrosis (12.2%). Most elderly individuals use dental prostheses (74.4%) and 56.5% wear glasses or contact lenses. The conclusion is that knowledge concerning the social, demographic, and health profiles of these individuals favors the implementation of actions specific to this age group by health providers, and helps managers to develop health indicators.

aTTom: Long-term effects of continuing adjuvant tamoxifen to 10 years versus stopping at 5 years in 6,953 women with early breast cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Gray ◽  
Daniel Rea ◽  
Kelly Handley ◽  
Sarah Jane Bowden ◽  
Philip Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Adjuvant Tamoxifen ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Breast Cancer Death

5 Background: In estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) early breast cancer, 5 years of tamoxifen reduces breast cancer death rates by about a third throughout years 0-14. It has been uncertain how 10 years of tamoxifen compares with this. Methods: During 1991-2005, 6,953 women with ER+ (n=2755), or ER untested (4198, estimated 80% ER+ if status known) invasive breast cancer from 176 UK centres were, after 5 years of tamoxifen, randomized to stop tamoxifen or continue to year 10. Annual follow-up recorded compliance, recurrence, mortality, and hospital admissions. Results: Allocation to continue tamoxifen reduced breast cancer recurrence (580/3468 vs 672/3485, p=0.003). This reduction was time dependent: rate ratio 0.99 during years 5-6 [95%CI 0.86-1.15], 0.84 [0.73-0.95] during years 7-9, and 0.75 [0.66-0.86] later. Longer treatment also reduced breast cancer mortality (392 vs 443 deaths after recurrence, p=0.05), rate ratio 1.03 [0.84-1.27] during years 5-9 and 0.77 [0.64-0.92] later; and overall mortality (849 vs 910 deaths, p=0.1), rate ratio 1.05 [0.90-1.22] during years 5-9 and 0.86 [0.75-0.97] later. Non-breast-cancer mortality was little affected (457 vs 467 deaths, rate ratio 0.94 [0.82-1.07]). There were 102 vs 45 endometrial cancers RR=2.20 (1.31-2.34, p<0.0001) with 37 (1.1%) vs 20 (0.6%) deaths (absolute hazard 0.5%, p=0.02). Combining the similar results of aTTom and its international counterpart ATLAS (Lancet 2013) enhances statistical significance of recurrence (p<0.0001), breast cancer mortality (p=0.002) and overall survival (p=0.005) benefits. Conclusions: aTTom confirms that, in ER+ disease, continuing tamoxifen to year 10 rather than just to year 5 produces further reductions in recurrence, from year 7 onward, and breast cancer mortality after year 10. Taken together with the reduction in breast cancer deaths seen in trials of 5 years of tamoxifen vs none, these results indicate that 10 years of adjuvant tamoxifen, compared to no tamoxifen, reduces breast cancer mortality by about one third in the first 10 years following diagnosis and by a half subsequently. Clinical trial information: ISRCTN17222211.

Application of a GIS-Based Statistical Method to Access Spatio-Temporal Changes in Breast Cancer Clustering in the Northeastern United States

2011 ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daikwon Han ◽  
Peter A. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Gaussian Random Fields ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Cancer Clusters ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This chapter examines spatio-temporal changes in breast cancer clustering in the Northeastern United States to assess the statistical significance of clusters using GIS-based kernel methods. It first describes higher-than-average breast cancer mortality rates in the Northeast and introduces statistical methods for detecting geographic clusters of disease. A GIS-based kernel method based upon the theory of Gaussian random fields is applied to the breast cancer mortality data taken from the National Center for Health Statistics’ Compressed Mortality File. The method makes use of a map of rates, smoothed using a Gaussian kernel. The maximum smoothed value is compared with the statistic’s critical value to identify significant clusters. Results from the analyses show changes in spatio-temporal clustering patterns in the Northeast during the period 1968-1998. The results reveal not only the existence of statistically significant breast cancer clusters, but also the changing patterns of those clusters over time. Since environmental risk factors may play an important role in explaining the unknown etiology of breast cancer, analyses of spatio-temporal changes of breast cancer clustering may provide important clues to the study of breast cancer and environment relationships.

scholarly journals The role of an urban festival in public space: case study of the Light Move Festival in Łódź

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Miśkowiec
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Space Case ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Source Of Information

The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between an urban festival and changes in the social and spatial-functional structures in a city. We analyze the Light Move Festival in Łódź as a case study, showing the use of light in emphasizing local identity and cultural heritage. Data for this study was collected by means of interviews with the festival’s organizers. We also present data gathered in a survey conducted among the festival’s participants in 2016. The results show the social-demographic structure of the respondents, frequency of participation and source of information. We present the correlation between the festival’s spatial organization and the guidelines of the “Attractive Urban Spaces 2020+ Program” (Strategie przestrzennegorozwoju Łodzi 2020+ w ramach programu szczegółowego „Atrakcyjneprzestrzenie miejskie 2020+”). The study presents the possibility to use an urban festival as a local potential for building sustainable social and spatial policy. With constant population outflow, such events may help to attract new residents and rebuild the city’s image. It also creates an opportunity to test temporary traffic solutions and to familiarize the residents with them. Considering the revitalization actions undertaken by the city of Łódź, one might ask a question: What kind of impact does The Light Move Festival have on the city of Łódź?

scholarly journals Excess Mortality from Breast Cancer in Relation to Mammography Screening in Northern Sweden

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Lenner ◽  
Håkan Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Excess Number

Objectives— Previous randomised studies of mammography screening have shown a significant effect on breast cancer mortality, particularly in women aged 50–Q69 at randomisation. Breast cancer mortality has traditionally been studied by judgments on causes of death, either from cause of death registers or from medical records. In this study an alternative method was used, estimating the excess mortality associated with breast cancer. Setting— In 1990 two counties of northern Sweden started population based mammography screening of women aged 40–74. The unscreened population in the two other counties of the same region were selected as controls. Results— Excess mortality associated with breast cancer was lower in the screened population, and was discernible three to four years after the start of screening. The relative risk estimate, based on the cumulative excess number of deaths from breast cancer during 1990–95 in the screened versus the control population aged 40–74 (at diagnosis of breast cancer), was 0.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 0.99). For women aged 50–69 it was 0.67 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.99). In the 50–69 age group the estimated excess number of deaths from breast cancer during 1995 was 17.0 per 100 000 women (95% CI 5.0 to 29.0) in the screened counties and 51.1 per 100 000 (95% CI 30.2 to 71.9) in the unscreened counties. Conclusions— Population based routine screening has substantial effects on breast cancer mortality in women aged 50–69. Estimation of excess mortality can be used in future studies to evaluate the effects of mammography screening on breast cancer mortality.

scholarly journals Health Equity in Cancer Screening in Calgary – A Geographic Approach to Account for Population Socioeconomic Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Simone Vigod ◽  
Michèle Farrugia ◽  
Marcelo Urquia ◽  
Joel Ray
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Social Component ◽  
Material Component ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

IntroductionThere is substantial evidence that cancer screening rates are lower among Canadians with low socioeconomic status (SES) than they are among those with higher SES. In order to optimize cancer screening, there is a need to reduce inequities in cancer screening. Objectives and ApproachThe purpose of this study is to understand how breast, colorectal and cervical cancer screening participation varies by socioeconomic status within local geographic areas (LGAs) in the city of Calgary. A Bayesian multilevel regression method with a spatial component was used to estimate Standardized Incidence Rates (SIR) at the LGA level. Bivariate spatial clustering analyses between screening rates at the Dissemination Area (DA) level and Pampalon material and social deprivation index was performed to better understand spatial structures of low and high screening rates compared to high and low material and social deprivation scores within LGAs. ResultsThe effect of material (income, education and employment) and social (living alone, separated, and divorced or windowed) deprivation on lower screening rates was stronger for breast cancer screening, compared to cervical and colorectal screening. Estimated likelihood of screening significantly decreased from the least deprived to the most deprived (9% for the material component and 18% for the social component for Breast cancer; 8% for the material component and 10% for the social component for cervical cancer screening). Clusters of lower screening rates and higher social and material deprivation were identified in the northeastern and central areas of the city. Conclusion/ImplicationsThe study allowed identifying LGAs and neighborhoods within those LGAs that have lower screening rates likely to be explained by the material and social deprivation of the population. The approach provides additional evidence for planning targeted interventions and reducing inequities for screening.

scholarly journals Women with cardiovascular risk after preeclampsia: is there follow-up within the Unified Health System in Brazil?

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes Costa da Silva ◽  
Ana Cristina Araújo de Andrade Galvão ◽  
Nilba Lima de Souza ◽  
George Dantas de Azevedo ◽  
Selma Maria Bezerra Jerônimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Health System ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVES: to identify women with cardiovascular risk, five years after a preeclampsic episode (PE), and identify the follow-up of these women within the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), in the city of Natal/RN. METHODS: a quantitative and exploratory study conducted at the Januário Cicco University Maternity Ward/RN. The sample consisted of 130 women, 65 with a PE episode and 65 who were normotensive. RESULTS: we found statistical significance with regard to body mass index, weight, family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular complications when comparing women with previous PE to normotensive women. The groups were unaware of their cardiovascular risk factors and, in addition, they reported difficulties in accessing primary health care (PHC) services. CONCLUSIONS: women with a PE history are at increased risk of developing CVD, unaware of late PE complications, and lacked customized care when compared to normotensive patients.

scholarly journals Breast cancer mortality and associated factors in São Paulo State, Brazil: an ecological analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Simone Grilo Diniz ◽  
Alessandra Cristina Guedes Pellini ◽  
Adeylson Guimarães Ribeiro ◽  
Marcello Vannucci Tedardi ◽  
Marina Jorge de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Age Group ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Municipal Level

ObjectiveIdentify the factors associated with the age-standardised breast cancer mortality rate in the municipalities of State of São Paulo (SSP), Brazil, in the period from 2006 to 2012.DesignEcological study of the breast cancer mortality rate standardised by age, as the dependent variable, having each of the 645 municipalities in the SSP as the unit of analysis.SettingsThe female resident population aged 15 years or older, by age group and municipality, in 2009 (mid-term), obtained from public dataset (Informatics Department of the Unified Health System).ParticipantsWomen 15 years or older who died of breast cancer in the SSP were selected for the calculation of the breast cancer mortality rate, according to the municipality and age group, from 2006 to 2012.Main outcome measuresMortality rates for each municipality calculated by the direct standardisation method, using the age structure of the population of SSP in 2009 as the standard.ResultsIn the final linear regression model, breast cancer mortality, in the municipal level, was directly associated with rates of nulliparity (p<0.0001), mammography (p<0.0001) and private healthcare (p=0.006).ConclusionsThe findings that mammography ratio was associated, in the municipal level, with increased mortality add to the evidence of a probable overestimation of benefits and underestimation of risks associated with this form of screening. The same paradoxical trend of increased mortality with screening was found in recent individual-level studies, indicating the need to expand informed choice for patients, primary prevention actions and individualised screening. Additional studies should be conducted to explore if there is a causality link in this association.

scholarly journals Characterization and functional capacity in women with breast cancer, gynaecological cancer and gestational trophoblastic disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Thaís Cristina Elias ◽  
Lorena Campos Mendes ◽  
Maurícia Brochado Oliveira Soares ◽  
Sueli Riul da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Trophoblastic Disease ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Demographic

Objective: to describe the social, demographic and clinical profile, and functional capacity of women diagnosed with gynecological cancer, breast cancer and gestational trophoblastic disease during chemotherapy. Method: longitudinal retrospective study that evaluated the records of women treated in hospital clinics from January 2000 to December 2012. Results: they evaluated the records of 438 women. The analysis showed that were not able to perform their daily activities, limited to the activities of self-care. Older patients had greater functional impairment during therapy. Conclusions: the sample was women 41 to 50 years, diagnosed with breast cancer (50.9%) and made use of anthracycline based protocols (47%); the scores of the functional capacity of the sample fell from 78.22 to 73.57. It is evident that nursing care should focus on the control of signs and symptoms that impact the functional capacity of women under chemotherapy.

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