Mortality by suicide: a focus on municipalities with a high proportion of self-reported indigenous people in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

Objective: To analyze mortality rates and to describe the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of suicides recorded in the state of Amazonas. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study has been carried out with emphasis on municipalities, which have shown, simultaneously, a high mortality rates and a high proportion of self-reported indigenous population, based on 2005 - 2009 data as provided by the Informatics Department of the Unified National Health System. Results: Among the general population of the state of Amazonas, the mortality rate, by suicide, of 4.2/100.000 inhabitants has been reported, similar to that of Manaus (4.6/100.000 inhabitants). In contrast, at Tabatinga (25.2/100.000 inhabitants), at São Gabriel da Cachoeira (27.6/100.000 inhabitants) and at Santa Isabel do Rio Negro (36.4/100.000 inhabitants), municipalities, where the proportion of self-reported indigenous population is high, besides the taxes being notably higher, it was observed that most of the suicides has occurred among men; among young men aged between 15 - 24 years; at home; by hanging; during "weekend" and among the indigenous population. Discussion: Our findings have unveiled that suicide comes forth as a serious public health issue in some municipalities in the state of Amazonas, further indicating that the event occurs within very specific contexts, and that the dimension and the magnitude of the problem can be even more serious among populations or in territories exclusively inhabited by indigenous people.

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The Evolution of the Healthy Brain Initiative

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 720-720

Author(s):

Lisa McGuire

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Based ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Dementia Caregivers ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Success Stories ◽

Road Map ◽

Indian Country ◽

State And Local ◽

Map Series

Abstract The Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) seeks to advance public health awareness of and action on ADRD as a public health issue. The HBI Road Map Series, State and Local Public Health Partnerships to Address Dementia: The 2018–2023 Road Map (S&L RM) and Road Map for Indian Country (RMIC), provide the public health with concrete steps to respond to the growing burden of ADRD in communities, consistent with the aim of the Building Our Largest Dementia (BOLD) Infrastructure for Alzheimer’s Act (P.L. 115-406). This series of RMs for state, local, and tribal public health provide flexible menus of actions to address cognitive health, including ADRD, and support for dementia caregivers with population-based approaches. This session will describe how the initiative evolved over the past 15 years including policy and implementation success stories.

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The Evolution of Measles in Romania Between 2016 and 2018. A comprehesive overview

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.10.7619 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 3665-3670

Author(s):

Simona Nicoleta Musat ◽

Maria Roxana Nemes ◽

Cosmin Alec Moldovan ◽

Tudor Harsovescu ◽

Ioan Sorin Tudorache ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health System ◽

Health Management ◽

National Health System ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Vaccination Rates ◽

Grand Total ◽

System Data ◽

Health System Data

Measles is an ever-growing threat, a major public health issue, being responsible for a large number of deaths, especially in children. This paper aims to study all cases of measles in Romanian hospitals, cases reported by National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest on a two year period of time; the study focuses on frequency and pattern territorial distribution of cases, temporal evolution, complication rates and the social pressure the such an infectious disease is putting onto the national health system. Data gathered shows a total number of 2,985 for 2016, 10,181 for 2017 and 8,364 for the entire 2018, with a grand total of 21,530 patients analyzed by our study. The analysis clearly shows, on one hand, a descending rate in vaccination coverage, compared with the national assigned target and, on the other hand, a continuous drop in vaccination rates with the first dose of Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR), both being in equal manner dangerous situations for the entire health system in Romania.

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Hungarian Hypertension Registry

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2014.29924 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 155 (19) ◽

pp. 764-768 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

István Kiss ◽

Ede Kékes

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Population Based ◽

Management Control ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Public Health Programs ◽

Effective Care ◽

Evidence Based Guidelines ◽

Number Of Individuals

Today, hypertension is considered endemic throughout the world. The number of individuals with high blood pressure and the increasing risk, morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension despite modern therapy do not decrease sufficiently. Hypertension has become a public health issue. Prevention and effective care require integrated datasets about many features, clinical presentation and therapy of patients with hypertension. The lack of this database in Hungary prompted the development of the registry which could help to provide population-based data for analysis. Data collection and processing was initiated by the Hungarian Society of Hypertension in 2002. Data recording into the Hungarian Hypertension Registry was performed four times (2002, 2005, 2007, 2011) and the registry currently contains data obtained from 108,473 patients. Analysis of these data indicates that 80% of the patients belong to the high or very high cardiovascular risk group. The registry provides data on cardiovascular risk of the hypertensive populations and the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy in Hungary. Based on international experience and preliminary analysis of data from the Hungarian Hypertension Registry, establishment of hypertension registry may support the effectiveness of public health programs. A further step would be needed for proper data management control and the application of professional principles of evidence-based guidelines in the everyday practice. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(19), 764–768.

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Ecologic association between influenza and COVID-19 mortality rates in European countries

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268820002125 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

Author(s):

S. Petti ◽

B. J. Cowling

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

The Elderly ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Control Measures ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽

Disease Mortality

Abstract Ecologic studies investigating COVID-19 mortality determinants, used to make predictions and design public health control measures, generally focused on population-based variable counterparts of individual-based risk factors. Influenza is not causally associated with COVID-19, but shares population-based determinants, such as similar incidence/mortality trends, transmission patterns, efficacy of non-pharmaceutical interventions, comorbidities and underdiagnosis. We investigated the ecologic association between influenza mortality rates and COVID-19 mortality rates in the European context. We considered the 3-year average influenza (2014–2016) and COVID-19 (31 May 2020) crude mortality rates in 34 countries using EUROSTAT and ECDC databases and performed correlation and regression analyses. The two variables – log transformed, showed significant Spearman's correlation ρ = 0.439 (P = 0.01), and regression coefficients, b = 0.743 (95% confidence interval, 0.272–1.214; R2 = 0.244; P = 0.003), b = 0.472 (95% confidence interval, 0.067–0.878; R2 = 0.549; P = 0.02), unadjusted and adjusted for confounders (population size and cardiovascular disease mortality), respectively. Common significant determinants of both COVID-19 and influenza mortality rates were life expectancy, influenza vaccination in the elderly (direct associations), number of hospital beds per population unit and crude cardiovascular disease mortality rate (inverse associations). This analysis suggests that influenza mortality rates were independently associated with COVID-19 mortality rates in Europe, with implications for public health preparedness, and implies preliminary undetected SARS-CoV-2 spread in Europe.

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A socio-spatial research agenda on the COVID-19 pandemic

Acta Sociologica ◽

10.1177/0001699320961811 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 453-456

Author(s):

Alexander LQ Chen

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Research Agenda ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Sociological Theory ◽

Social Issues ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Geographical Patterns ◽

Societal Impacts

As the scientific community urgently seeks to understand the uneven geographical patterns of transmission and mortality rates of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become necessary to challenge the tacit assumption that the pandemic is strictly a public health issue that is primarily reserved for the technocratic expertise of health professionals and officials. These discrepancies in outcome imply that the pandemic yields spatial selectivities (Jessop et al., 2008), which have been revealed through the uneven manifestation of societal impacts between places, localities, communities, and neighbourhoods. For this reason, the pandemic and the management thereof must be deemed as social issues that require the input of sociological theory, insofar as its spread is not only spatially embedded but also socially mediated. To foreground a socio-spatial perspective of the pandemic, I propose that we must start with two analytical premises on socio-spatiality.

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MODERNIZATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

International scientific journal Internauka Series Economical Sciences ◽

10.25313/2520-2294-2021-3-7043 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Svetlana Vovk ◽

◽

Tatyana Vovk ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health System ◽

Public Administration ◽

Large Scale ◽

National Health System ◽

The State ◽

Healthcare Sector ◽

Individual Treatment ◽

Social Infrastructure ◽

Dental Services

Today it is becoming obvious that ensuring high and sustainable rates of development of the country, achieving strategic goals of national significance is impossible without an interested partnership between the state and the private sector. Currently, programs focused on the use of budget funds do not allow ministries and departments to implement large-scale, strategic projects. At the same time, the growing weight, the growing importance of social infrastructure, the responsibility of the state for its development in conditions of insufficient financial opportunities, make it necessary to update and improve investment tools in order to increase cost efficiency and better meet the needs of society. Taking this into account, the use of reserves to improve the effectiveness and quality of Public Administration mechanisms in the medical sphere requires solving certain theoretical and practical problems, to which we refer: determining the content of the effectiveness of Public Administration mechanisms in the country's health system; determining the main theoretical and methodological factors that determine the conditions, trends and means of Public Administration mechanisms, that is, those basic provisions and tools that determine the development of PPP in the healthcare sector; scientific substantiation of mechanisms for using these factors to improve the efficiency of the medical industry and the state of Public Health. In practice, the fact that state, municipal and private health systems should be considered as elements (subsystems) of a larger entity – the National Health System-is often forgotten or ignored. The system of Organization of medical care to the population is a complex combination of programs, institutions, institutions that are designed to solve various tasks: from the treatment of acute and chronic diseases to prevention, from individual treatment to measures aimed at improving public health, from primary health care to inpatient treatment, from the provision of dental services to the treatment of occupational diseases, etc.

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Xukuru do Ororubá: desafios na integração aos serviços de saúde

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963-v13i4a237859p915-923-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 915

Author(s):

Ryanne Carolynne Maques Gomes ◽

Keyla Cristina Vieira Marques Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Services ◽

Indigenous People ◽

Indigenous Population ◽

Indigenous Health ◽

National Policy ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Emergency Assistance ◽

Investigación Cualitativa

RESUMOObjetivo: buscou-se verificar os desafios que os Xukuru do Ororubá enfrentam na integração aos serviços de saúde indígena. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado com seis indígenas da etnia Xukuru do Ororubá. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de um roteiro preestabelecido, sendo as entrevistas gravadas e transcritas. Realizou-se a análise dos dados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: verificou-se que as principais dificuldades encontradas foram: longa espera na marcação e resultados dos exames; ausência de assistência emergencial; medicamentos insuficientes para atender à demanda; indícios de preconceito na zona urbana de Pesqueira e assistência insuficiente no hospital municipal. Conclusão: nota-se que mesmo com a assistência à saúde fortalecida pelo Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena e pela Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas, muitas dificuldades ainda são enfrentadas. Descritores: Pesquisa Qualitativa; Políticas Públicas de Saúde; População Indígena; Saúde de Populações Indígenas; Saúde Pública; Serviços de Saúde do Indígena. ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the challenges that the Orukuba Xukuru face in integrating with indigenous health services. Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out with six indigenous people of the Orukuburu Xukuru ethnicity. The data were collected by a pre-established script, and the interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was performed through Content Analysis. Results: the main difficulties were: long wait in the exams appointment and results; absence of emergency assistance; insufficient medicines to meet demand; signs of prejudice in the urban area of Pesqueira and insufficient assistance in the municipal hospital. Conclusion: many difficulties are still faced, even with health care strengthened by the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem and the National Policy on Health Care for Indigenous People. Descriptors: Qualitative Research; Public Health Policy; Indigenous Population; Health of Indigenous People; Public Health; Health Services, Indigenous.RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar los desafíos que los Xukuru do Ororubá enfrentan en la integración a los servicios de salud indígena. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, realizado con seis indígenas de la etnia Xukuru do Ororubá. Se recogieron los datos por medio de uma guía preestablecida, con las entrevistas grabadas y transcritas. Se realizó el análisis de los datos por medio del Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: se verificó que las principales dificultades encontradas fueron: larga espera en la marcación y resultados de los exámenes; ausencia de asistencia emergencial; medicamentos insuficientes para atender la demanda; indícios de perjucicio en la zona urbana de Pesqueira y asistencia insuficiente en el hospital municipal. Conclusión: se observa que mismo con la asistencia a la salud fortalecida por el Subsistema de Atención a la Salud Indígena y por la Política Nacional de Atención a la Salud de los Publos Indígenas, muchas dificultades aún son enfrentadas. Descriptores: Investigación Cualitativa; Políticas Públicas de Salud; Población Indígena; Salud de Poblaciones Indígenas; Salud pública; Servicios de Salud del Indígena.

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SLE mortality remains disproportionately high, despite improvements over the last decade

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203318786436 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 1577-1581 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R R Singh ◽

E Y Yen

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

General Population ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Public Health Programs ◽

The Past ◽

Geographic Differences ◽

Race Ethnicity

Despite a marked improvement in 10-year survival for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients over the past five decades, mortality rates from SLE remain high compared to those in the general population. SLE was also among the leading causes of death in young women in the United States during 2000–2015. However, it is encouraging that SLE mortality rates and the ratios of SLE mortality rates to non-SLE mortality rates have decreased every year since the late 1990s. Despite this improvement, disparities in SLE mortality persist according to sex, race, age, and place of residence. Furthermore, demographic and geographic variables seem to modify the effect of each other in influencing SLE mortality, leading to interactions between sex/race/ethnicity-associated factors and geographic differences. In other words, individuals of the same sex/race/ethnicity had differences in SLE mortality depending on where they lived. These observations highlight SLE as an important public health issue. The recognition of SLE as a leading cause of death in the general population might spur targeted public health programs and research funding to address the high lupus mortality.

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Maternal mortality in Campinas: evolution, under-registration and avoidanc

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31801999000100002 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 5-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

José Guilherme Cecatti ◽

Aníbal Faúndes ◽

Fernanda Garanhani de Castro Surita

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

Population Based ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Death Certificates ◽

Maternal Deaths ◽

Registration Rate ◽

Development Indicator ◽

Clinical Records

CONTEXT: Up until a few years ago, maternal mortality did not merit much attention as a worldwide public health issue. The health and social development indicator almost exclusively used was infant death. OBJECTIVE: To study the number, characteristics, basic causes and avoidance of maternal mortality (MM) among women living in the city of Campinas, which occurred between 1985 and 1991, identified from all death certificates of women aged 10 through 49 years. DESIGN: Retrospective and descriptive population-based study. SETTING: University Referal Center. SAMPLES: All eligible death certificates classified as declared and presumed maternal deaths according to the Laurenti criteria for the cause of death were selected and complementary studies of the clinical records were performed. MAIN MEASURES: Day of the week and place of occurrence of death; period of occurrence; transfer from another hospital; number of days from delivery/abortion to death; blood transfusion; opportunity for transfusion; complications; autopsy; basic cause of death. RESULTS: Initially 39 declared maternal deaths were identified and a total of 62 were confirmed by the end of the study. This corresponds to an under-registration rate of 37.1% and to an MM ratio of 45.5 per 100,000 live births. Around three-fourths of these maternal deaths were due to a direct obstetrical cause and were considered avoidable. CONCLUSION: Maternal mortality still is high in the municipality of Campinas, although lower than the mean estimated for Brazil. The predominance of direct obstetric causes and avoidable deaths reinforces the need for public health interventions directed towards avoiding them

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