scholarly journals Genetic analysis of species in the Genus Catasetum (ORCHIDACEAE) using RAPD Markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana do Valle Rego Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Tadeu de Faria ◽  
Claudete de Fátima Ruas ◽  
Paulo Maurício Ruas ◽  
Melissa de Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Breeding Programs

In this work, RAPD molecular markers were used to access the genetic variability and to study the inter and intraespecifc relationship in a group of 37 species, including 56 individuals. A total of 15 RAPD primers were selected for DNA amplification. From a total of 221 bands analyzed, 209 (95%) were polymorphics. The level of interespecifc genetic similarity ranged from 37% between Catasetum complanatum and Catasetum laminatum to 83% between Catasetum triodon and Catasetum uncatum. The intraspecifc genetic similarity varied 88% for the individuals of Catasetum triodon to 93% between the individuals of Catasetum atratum and Catasetum macrocarpum. These results would contribute to understand the genetic relationship in Catasetum, to define the strategies to establish a germplasm core collection for the genus and to provide support for breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in physic nuts cultivated in Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanice Dias Oliveira ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani ◽  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Ana da Silva Lédo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

This research had as objective to characterize genetically individuals of physic nut cultivated in experimental areas in Sergipe, Brazil by means of RAPD molecular markers. Leaves of 40 individuals were collected and DNA was isolated using CTAB 2% method. Were used 30 primers RAPD for DNA amplification, and this data was used to estimate the genetic similarity among the pairs of individuals, using Jaccard coefficient, and group them out for the UPGMA method. Also, the genetic structure and diversity of the populations were assessed using AMOVA. Of the 100 fragments generated, 29 of were polymorphic. A similarity average of 0.54 among the individuals was found and the amplitude similarities varied from 0.18 to 1.00. One of them (U5) was unit clusters and formed by the most divergent individuals. AMOVA indicated that there is more variation within (63%) the population. In conclusion, it was possible verify genetic variability in physic nut using RAPD markers at these experimental areas.

scholarly journals RAPD Analysis for Genetic Variability Detection of Mutant Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Didik Wahyudi ◽  
Lia Hapsari ◽  
S. Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
New Approach

This study aimed to detect and evaluate the genetic mutation from mutagenized soybean by RAPD markers. Soybean seeds of “Grobogan” variety were treated with two different concentrations of EMS (0.5% and 1%) and three incubation times (4, 6 and 8 h). DNA whole-genome was isolated from young leaf seedling with the Qiagen DNeasy Plant Mini Kit. Twenty OPA primers (OPA-1 to OPA-20) were used for DNA amplification. The results showed that EMS treatments successfully generated genetic variation in soybean, which indicated by high values of PIC, EMR, and MI. RAPD primers that effective to detect the mutation were OPA-2, OPA-07, OPA-10, OPA-11, OPA-12, OPA-13, OPA-14, OPA-15, OPA-16, OPA-18 and OPA-20. The band expression of those primers was exhibited a stronger intensity along with increasing of EMS concentration and incubation time used in this study. Treatment of 0.5% EMS in 6 hours incubation was successfully generated soybean mutants with the lowest genetic similarity compared to the wild-type. Thus, this study provides a new approach to generate genetic variability in soybean and has the potential to improve for soybean breeding program.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis for Relationships between some Native Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus l.) Using RAPD Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ioana Virginia BERINDEAN ◽  
Alexandra Maria ITU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Allotetraploid Species

Prunus cerasus L. are an allotetraploid species from temperate climatic zone. The aim of this study was to characterize some native sour cherry genotypes from different orchards from Romania, based on RAPD markers. We used 14 primers RAPD to analyze a total of 14 varieties of sour cherries. After analysis, a good level of polymorphism was generated about only six primers (OPA 04, OPB10, OPA17, OPA20, OPA03 and OPB17) the rest of primers were considered monomorphic. The dendrograme separated the cultivars according to their genetic and geographic origin. The genetic similarity among the cultivars showed a good diversity between the genotypes, so we can suggest that our native cultivars of sour cherry can be considered as distinct genotypes for futures breeding programs and new cultivar identification. Results also confirm that the RAPD primers can be used for genetic studies and to evaluate the varieties for breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of the Moxotó goat breed using RAPD markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Andréa Alves do Egito ◽  
Maria Norma Ribeiro ◽  
Samuel Rezende Paiva ◽  
Maria do Socorro Maués Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The objective of this study was to verify the genetic diversity between and within seven populations of Moxotó goat (n = 264) from the States of Pernambuco, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Moxotó, as well as other naturalized breeds, suffers genetic losses due to the indiscriminate miscegenation with breeds raised in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The genetic characterization of these genetic resources is essential to conservation and breeding programs. DNA was extracted from lymphocytes using a non-organic protocol. The 16 primers used were selected from 120 decamer oligonucleotide primers and generated 56 polymorphic bands. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the greater part of total genetic variability (71.55%) was due to differences between individuals within populations, while 21.21% was among populations. The analysis of variance among the pairs of populations demonstrated that the populations located in Floresta, PE x Angicos, RN presented a smaller value of intrapopulational differentiation (8.9%), indicating low genetic variability among them. Nei's genetic distances varied between 0.0546 and 0.1868 in the populations. The dendrogram generated showed that the Canindé breed, used as outgroup, clustered with the populations of Moxotó, indicating a possible common origin of the naturalized goat breeds.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of Passiflora spp. from commercial fields in the Federal District, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Gomes de Castro ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Daniel Diego Costa Carvalho ◽  
Kenia Gracielle da Fonseca ◽  
Marina de Fátima Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Binary Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Success ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

This study aimed to characterize the genetic variability in commercial accessions of passion fruit from the Federal District, Brazil, by RAPD markers. Genetic analyses were done with leaf samples of 30 accessions. DNA samples were amplified by RAPD technique, and respective markers converted into a binary matrix, from which the genetic distances between the accessions were estimated. Clustering analyis based on genetic distances allowed to detect a wide range of genetic variabillity among the accessions of sour passion fruit, and to separate them from the two sweet passion fruit. The graphical positioning of 'BRS Ouro Vermelho' confirms its potential to improve the genetic variability of commercial varieties of sour passion fruit. Dispersal of genetic distances among commercial accessions of sour passion fruit supports evidence for different genetic origins of the materials planted in the Federal District. The verified genetic variability indicates the potential success of future breeding programs for this region.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of three South African horse breeds

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Cothran ◽  
E. Van Dyk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
North American ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Domestic Horse ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
Biochemical Genetic

Genetic variability at 7 blood-group and 10 biochemical genetic loci was examined in 3 South African horse breeds, the Nooitgedacht, Boerperd and Basuto Pony. Observed heterozygosity for these breeds was intermediate for domestic horses, with the highest heterozygosity in the Boerperd and the lowest in the Basuto Pony. The 3 breeds show greater genetic similarity to each other than to other domestic horse breeds. Compared to other breeds, the South African breeds show greater genetic similarity to breeds such as the Thoroughbred, Holstein, Trakehner and Hanovarian and also to North American breeds such as the Saddlebred, Standardbred and Morgan Horse.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity characterization of cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz).: I) RAPD markers

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Colombo ◽  
Gérard Second ◽  
Tereza Losada Valle ◽  
André Charrier
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Flour Production

RAPD markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity of 31 Brazilian cassava clones. The results were compared with the genetic diversity revealed by botanical descriptors. Both sets of variates revealed identical relationships among the cultivars. Multivariate analysis of genetic similarities placed genotypes destinated for consumption "in nature" in one group, and cultivars useful for flour production in another. Brazil’s abundance of landraces presents a broad dispersion and is consequently an important resource of genetic variability. The botanical descriptors were not able to differentiate thirteen pairs of cultivars compared two-by-two, while only one was not differentiated by RAPD markers. These results showed the power of RAPD markers over botanical descriptors in studying genetic diversity, identifying duplicates, as well as validating, or improving a core collection. The latter is particularly important in this vegetatively propagated crop.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability of 21 Tea Genotypes [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Based on RAPD Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Budi Martono ◽  
Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Monomorphic Band ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

<em>Knowing the genetic diversity in the tea germplasms collection is one of important conditions for assembling new superior varieties. Information of genetic diversity can be obtained through analysis using RAPD molecular markers. The study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of 21 tea genotypes based on RAPD markers. The research was conducted in Integrated Laboratory, Seameo Biotrop, Bogor, from July to September 2013. Genomic DNA was isolated from 21 tea genotypes leaf samples, then amplified with primer OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08. Electrophoresis result was converted into binary data. The genetic similarity and cluster analysis calculation was done using NTSYS-pc version 2.10. In this research, 50 polymorphic bands (94,34%) and 3 monomorphic band (5,66%) were obtained. Cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmatic (UPGMA) divided 21 tea genotypes into two groups at a genetic similarity value of 0,48. Group 1 consisted of 20 tea genotypes, while the second group comprised only a one genotype (Sin 27). The range of genetic similarity matrix was between 28%–92%, the lowest genetic similarity (28%) was found between GMB 4 and Sin 27 genotypes, while the highest (92%) was found between AS 2 and AS 1 genotypes. The information obtained can be utilized in breeding programs with the support of agronomic characters as well as in the conservation of tea germplasm.</em>

scholarly journals RAPD analysis of genetic variability in a multiprovenance base population of Eucalyptus grandis hill ex maiden

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-967
Author(s):  
Susi Meire Maximino Leite ◽  
Édson Seizo Mori ◽  
Celina Ferraz do Valle ◽  
César Augusto Valencise Bonine ◽  
Celso Luís Marino
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Binary Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Group 3

This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability among individuals of a base population of Eucalyptus grandis and to build a molecular marker database for the analyzed populations. The Eucalyptus grandis base population comprised 327 individuals from Coff's Harbour, Atherton and Rio Claro. A few plants came from other sites (Belthorpe MT. Pandanus, Kenilworth, Yabbra, etc.). Since this base population had a heterogeneous composition, the groups were divided according to geographic localization (latitude and longitude), and genetic breeding level. Thus, the influence of those two factors (geographic localization and genetic breeding level) on the genetic variability detected was discussed. The RAPD technique allowed the evaluation of 70 loci. The binary matrix was used to estimate the genetic similarity among individuals using Jaccard's Coefficient. Parametric statistical tests were used to compare within-group similarity of the means. The obtained results showed that the base population had wide genetic variability and a mean genetic similarity of 0.328. Sub-group 3 (wild materials from the Atherton region) showed mean genetic similarity of 0.318. S.P.A. (from Coff's Harbour region) had a mean genetic similarity of 0.322 and was found to be very important for maintenance of variation in the base population. This can be explained since the individuals from those groups accounted for most of the base population (48.3% for it). The base population plants with genetic similarity higher than 0.60 should be phenotypically analyzed again in order to clarify the tendency of genetic variability during breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of hull-less barley accessions based on molecular and quantitative data

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Meneses Sayd ◽  
Renato Fernando Amabile ◽  
Fabio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Graciele Bellon
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this work was to characterize and quantify the genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability of hull-less barley genotypes, for the selection of parents and identification of genotypes adapted to the irrigated production system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Eighteen hull-less barley accessions were evaluated, and three covered barley accessions served as reference. The characterization was based on 157 RAPD molecular markers and ten agronomic traits. Genetic distance matrices were obtained based on molecular markers and quantitative traits. Graphic grouping and dispersion analyses were performed. Genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability was high among genotypes. Ethiopian accessions were genetically more similar, and the Brazilian ones were genetically more distant. For agronomic traits, two more consistent groupings were obtained, one with the most two-rowed materials, and the other with six-rowed materials. The more diverging materials were the two-rowed CI 13453, CN Cerrado 5, CN Cerrado 1, and CN Cerrado 2. The PI 356466, CN Cerrado 1, PI 370799, and CI 13453 genotypes show agronomic traits of interest and, as genetically different genotypes, they are indicated for crossing, in breeding programs.

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