scholarly journals Candida spp. occurrence in oral cavities of breastfeeding infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stella Amorim da Costa Zöllner ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Yeast Strains

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of predominantly breastfed infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts, as well as in the oral cavity of bottlefed infants and in non-lactating women. One hundred and sixty nine women and eighty-five milk-fed infants took part in this study and were divided into four groups: 1) infants predominantly on breastfeeding (n = 55) and their mothers (n = 55); 2) infants on bottlefeeding (n = 30); 3) non-lactating women on whom oral collections were performed (n = 80) and, 4) non-lactating women on whom breast collections were performed (n = 34). Oral and mammary swabs were cultured on Sabouraud agar dextrose with chloramphenicol. The Candida yeast strains found were isolated and identified through morphological and biochemical tests. Candida species were much less frequent in infants who were predominantly breastfed than in those who were bottlefed. Yeasts were much more frequent on the breasts of lactating women, with statistical difference in relation to the control group.

scholarly journals Isolation of Candida species in children and their biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Harina Akila Che Hussin ◽  
Nadiah Arshad ◽  
Siti Nor Humaira Nor Azemi ◽  
Raja Izzatun Nisa Raja Sahrul Hishan ◽  
Wan Nur Fatihah Wan Mohd Kamaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Tooth Surfaces

Candida species including Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata are opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit oral cavity. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of dental caries on Candida spp. biofilm-forming ability on nano- composite with the hypothesis that dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. To assess Candida spp. colonisation in the oral cavity of the paediatric patient, samples were obtained from 30 subjects aged five to six years old from Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. The samples were collected from buccal mucosa, palate and tooth surfaces using sterile swabs. 10 mL of patient’s saliva suspension was also collected. Following that, the samples were inoculated on CHROMagar and incubated for 24 h at 37 ºC. Candida biofilm of caries isolate C. albicans (HNFC2), and C. albicans ATCC 32354 were developed on three different types of nano-composites. The study showed that no C. albicans was isolated from the caries-free oral cavity while 76% of children with caries possessed Candida spp. 65% of the yeasts were isolated from the tooth surface. Only 35% of the total isolates were obtained from soft tissues, including palatal and buccal mucosa. C. albicans is the most isolated Candida spp. with 82% and 67% of the yeast were obtained from the tooth surface and buccal mucosa, respectively. Besides, HNFC2 significantly colonised the nano- composites more than the ATCC (P < 0.05). In the comparison of the three types of nano- composites, nano-hybrid-based containing pre-polymerised filler (cB) exhibited the least C. albicans HNFC2 cells colonisation with 7.7 x 10³ cells mL-1. In contrast, the nano-composite that contained bulk-filled nanohybrid (cC) was the most colonised with 14.3 x 10³ cells mL-1. In conclusion, dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. in children's oral cavity, and that caries isolate form more biofilm on nano-composites compared to the lab strain C. albicans.

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin A-Fortified Rice on the Gut Microbiota of Thai Lactating Women and Their Exclusively Breastfed Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Azis ◽  
◽  
Siwaporn Pinkaew ◽  
Santad Wichienchot ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Clostridium Spp

Abstract The optimal vitamin A (VA) status of lactating women is important for mothers and their breastfed infants, especially in protecting against infectious diseases. Vitamin A fortified rice is one of the food-base intervention strategy which has the potential to improve VA status. Vitamin A and gut microbiota are interrelated in their effect on human health and immunity however no specific relationship has been proved in these groups of population. This study aimed to determine the effect of VA fortified rice on the gut microbiota changes of lactating woman-exclusively breastfed infant pairs. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of VA fortified rice was conducted in 70 lactating women-infants pairs for 14 weeks. Gut microbiota was measured using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and next generation sequencing (NGS) technique. Based on the FISH technique, the numbers of Clostridium spp. /Enterobacter spp. were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in mothers fed VA-fortified rice at the end of the study. In contrast, the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. of infants whose mothers fed with VA-fortified rice was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control group. The NGS technique confirmed that results with the increasing of Lactobacillus, B. longum and B. Choerinum in the infant of intervention group. In conclusion, VA-fortified rice was efficacious in decreasing Clostridium spp. /Enterobacter spp. in lactating women and raising the number of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in their breastfed infants. Keywords: Breastfeeding, Gut microbiota, Lactating woman-infant pairs, Randomized controlled trial, Vitamin A

scholarly journals Prevalence of yeasts in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Yukio Komiyama ◽  
Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Prevalent Species

The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children undergoing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. Thirty children treated with inhaled corticosteroids and thirty control children were studied. Saliva samples were collected through oral rinses with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. After this period, the number of colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of saliva was calculated. The isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization. Candida spp. was isolated from 43.33% of the samples of children treated with corticosteroids, with a mean of 780 cfu/ml of saliva, and from 30% of the samples of the control group, with a mean of 560 cfu/ml of saliva. No significant statistical difference was observed between the groups. C. albicans was the prevalent species in both groups, followed by C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis and C. stellatoidea. Furthermore, Rhodotorula rubra and C. lusitaniae were also isolated from the treated group. We concluded that there was no significant increase in the prevalence and number of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the frequency of Candida spp. in hospitalized and non-hospitalized subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Vieira ◽  
A. M. Feijó ◽  
M. E. Bueno ◽  
C. L. Gonçalves ◽  
R. G. Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar ◽  
Peptone Water

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Candida species between a non-hospitalized and a hospitalized population. For this purpose, samples of saliva were sampled through sterile swabs, moistened in peptone water and rubbed in the oral cavity of 140 individuals, from which, 70 were hospitalized patients from the Medical Clinic of a Teaching Hospital and the other 70 were non-hospitalized subjects. All saliva samples were plated in Sabouraud Dextrose agar added with Chloramphenicol and incubated at 36 °C for 48 hours. The morphology identification was performed through macroscopic and microscopic characterization, the CHROMagar Candida medium and the VITEK® system Yeast Biochemical Card (bio Mérieux SA, France). The results showed a colonization of Candida spp. in 85.7% the hospitalized individuals, where the species found were C. albicans (60%), C. tropicalis (23.4%), C. krusei (3.3%) and Candida spp. (13.3%). In the non-hospitalized individuals the colonization by Candida spp was 47.1%, and the species found were: C. albicans (45.5%), C.krusei (9.1%), C. guilliermondii (9.1% %), C. tropicalis (3.0%), C. famata (3.0%) and Candida spp. (30.3%). In spite of their presence in oral cavity in both groups, Candida spp. was more frequently isolated in hospitalized individuals, who were 6.73 times more likely to have this fungus in the oral cavity and were 3.88 times more likely to have Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Incidence of Oral Candidiasis, and the Relationship of Oral Candida Species with Severe Early Childhood Caries: A Microbiological In Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülçin Bulut ◽  
Yelda Sorguc
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

INTRODUCTION: Cariogenic microorganisms play an important role in the development of caries. Although there are many researches on Streptococcus mutans as being a primary causative factor in caries, there is a lack in evaluation of relation between oral candidiasis and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of candida carriage, characterize different Candida species, and investigate their relationship with caries in 5-year-old children with S-ECC and with no caries. METHODS: This study was conducted on a total of 42 children aged 5-years with (Group S-ECC, n=21) and without caries (control group, n=21). Plaque samples were taken from the buccal, lingual and cervical surfaces of the teeth using a sterile cotton swab and cultured on Sabouraud Agar, Patota Agar and Chrome Agar for fungal growth. Number of candida colonies were recorded, their species were identified and germ tube test was used for virulance marker. RESULTS: The candidal carriage in the S-ECC and control groups was 52.4% and 9.5%, respectively. The intergroup difference was statistically significant (p=0.003). The incidence of C.albicans among all candida species was determined as 92%. The only isolated non-albicans Candida was C.Dupliniensis, the incidence in all candida species was 8 percent. The frequency of C.albicans was significantly higher in the S-ECC group (p=0.006). The virulence factor showed a significant difference between the groups (p=0.006). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study shows a strong relation between the presence of candida and S-ECC. C.albicans was the most common among detected candida species.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC DEFECTS OF THE UPPER JAW BY CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOCENOSIS OF THE ORAL CAVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143
Author(s):  
Igor V. Yanishen ◽  
Olena L. Fedotova ◽  
Nataliia L. Khlystun ◽  
Olena O. Berezhna ◽  
Roman V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Microbial Density ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Upper Jaw

The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the microbiota’s features of oral mucosal membrane during orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with removable dentures which has an obturating part with two-layer bases. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, our bacteriological examination of oral cavity mucosa was performed for 25 patients with partial adentia of the upper jaw and defect of hard palate and alveolar process. Results and conclusions: Of the conducted studies indicate significant shifts in the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiocenosis in the oral cavity in patients with partial adenia of the upper jaw and a defect of hard palate and alveolar process due to representatives of moraksel, enterobacteria (representatives of the kinds Klebsiella and E. coli). The сomparing of frequency of extraction and the density of microbial colonization showed us the persistence in biotope of representatives near 13 kinds of bacteria and yeast-like fungi of the kind Candida in averages from lg (2,5 ± 0,19) to lg (5,4 ± 0,17) CFU/g. For patients who have been made a two-layered basis, materials of which are based on carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinialacetate in the period of adaptation to removable dentures, showed us that the detection of 5 component associations at 30 days was reduced by 2 times (χ2 = 5,991; ν = 2; p <0,05) . The frequency of removal and density of microbial colonization of the experimental group did not differ statistically. Among patients in the control group, the microbial colonization density increased for Enterococcus spp, for Klebsiella spp and for Candida spp. Yeast-like fungi. A significant decrease in the microbial density of the resident microflora was 1.4 times for Neisseria spp, 1.6 times for Lactobacillus spp (p <0,05).

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF NORMAL MICROBIOME OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RECOVERABLE ACTS OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACID-DEPENDENT GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Irina Galimova ◽  
Irina Usmanova ◽  
Larisa Gerasimova ◽  
Marsel Tuigunov ◽  
Yigal Granot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Subject. The results of a comprehensive microbiological study of the state of the normobioma of the oral cavity in individuals with recurrent aphthae of the oral cavity against the background of acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are considered. The goal is to determine the diagnostic significance of individual representatives of the oral normobioma in patients with recurrent aphthae of the oral cavity against the background of acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Methodology. The study involved 83 patients who were divided into two main and control groups depending on the clinical manifestations of recurrent aphthae of the oral cavity on the background of hypersecretory syndrome. Results. The results of the study showed that in patients of the first and second main groups, in which the manifestations of recurrent aphthae in the oral cavity were accompanied by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with hypersecretory syndrome, the frequency of allocation of staphylococcal flora was 1.3—1.5 times higher compared to control (p≤0.05), an increase in the proportion of S. aureus — 2.5 times. The detection frequency of S. epidermidis in the control and both clinical groups was 28.0, 27.6 and 31.0 % of cases, respectively, the proportion of hemolytic forms in the control group was 4.0 %, in the first 10.3 % (an increase of 2 5 times), in the second — 17.2 % (4.3 times). The observed changes in the species composition may indicate dysbiosis in the oral cavity, caused not only by the presence of recurrent aphthae, but also by acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions. In recurrent aphthae of the oral cavity in patients with acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the microbiome of the oral cavity against the background of reduced titers of lactobacilli, an increase in representatives of Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp is most often observed. and Candida spp. (1.2 times average), Enterococcus spp. (1.4 times), Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae spp. (1.2 times), Actinobacillus spp. (1.1 times).

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

The Toxicity of Castor Beans and its Treatment with Doxycycline in Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael Mohammed Sarheed ◽  
Osamah Faisal Kokas ◽  
Doaa Abd Alabas Muhammed Ridh
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water, which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes (P less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportion in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

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