scholarly journals Prevalence of yeasts in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Yukio Komiyama ◽  
Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Campos Junqueira ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Prevalent Species

The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children undergoing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. Thirty children treated with inhaled corticosteroids and thirty control children were studied. Saliva samples were collected through oral rinses with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The samples were plated on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. After this period, the number of colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of saliva was calculated. The isolates were identified by phenotypic characterization. Candida spp. was isolated from 43.33% of the samples of children treated with corticosteroids, with a mean of 780 cfu/ml of saliva, and from 30% of the samples of the control group, with a mean of 560 cfu/ml of saliva. No significant statistical difference was observed between the groups. C. albicans was the prevalent species in both groups, followed by C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis and C. stellatoidea. Furthermore, Rhodotorula rubra and C. lusitaniae were also isolated from the treated group. We concluded that there was no significant increase in the prevalence and number of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.

scholarly journals Candida spp. occurrence in oral cavities of breastfeeding infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stella Amorim da Costa Zöllner ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Yeast Strains

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of predominantly breastfed infants and in their mothers' mouths and breasts, as well as in the oral cavity of bottlefed infants and in non-lactating women. One hundred and sixty nine women and eighty-five milk-fed infants took part in this study and were divided into four groups: 1) infants predominantly on breastfeeding (n = 55) and their mothers (n = 55); 2) infants on bottlefeeding (n = 30); 3) non-lactating women on whom oral collections were performed (n = 80) and, 4) non-lactating women on whom breast collections were performed (n = 34). Oral and mammary swabs were cultured on Sabouraud agar dextrose with chloramphenicol. The Candida yeast strains found were isolated and identified through morphological and biochemical tests. Candida species were much less frequent in infants who were predominantly breastfed than in those who were bottlefed. Yeasts were much more frequent on the breasts of lactating women, with statistical difference in relation to the control group.

scholarly journals Anticariogenic effect of fluoride-releasing elastomers in orthodontic patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Katsue Miura ◽  
Izabel Yoko Ito ◽  
Carla Enoki ◽  
Ana Maria Elias ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Experimental Group

This in vivo experimental study evaluated the efficacy of fluoride-releasing elastomers in the control of Streptococcus mutans levels in the oral cavity. Forty orthodontic patients were recruited and divided into two groups of 20. Fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties (Fluor-I-Ties, Ortho Arch Co. Inc., USA) were used in the experimental group, and conventional elastomeric ligature ties (D. Morelli, Brazil), in the control group. Two initial samples of saliva were collected at a 14-day interval to determine the number of colony forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans. Immediately after collecting the second sample, fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties were placed in the patients of the experimental group, and conventional ligature ties, in the patients of the control group. Seven, 14 and 28 days after placement of the elastomeric ligature ties, saliva and plaque surrounding the orthodontic appliance were collected for microbiologic analysis. There were no significant differences in the number of Streptococcus mutans CFUs in saliva or plaque in the area surrounding the fluoride-releasing or conventional elastomeric ligature ties. Thus, fluoride-releasing elastomeric ligature ties should not be indicated to reduce the incidence of enamel decalcification in orthodontic patients. Since there was no significant reduction in S. mutans in saliva or plaque, other means of prevention against enamel decalcification should be indicated for these patients.

scholarly journals RELATED FACTORS FOR COLONIZATION BY Candida SPECIES IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralciane de Paula MENEZES ◽  
Aércio Sebastião BORGES ◽  
Lúcio Borges de ARAUJO ◽  
Reginaldo dos Santos PEDROSO ◽  
Denise Von Dolinger de Brito RÖDER
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Colonization

The colonization of the oral cavity is a prerequisite to the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Aims: The aims of this study were: to evaluate colonization and quantify Candida spp. in the oral cavity; to determine the predisposing factors for colonization; and to correlate the levels of CD4+ cells and viral load with the yeast count of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) in HIV-positive individuals treated at a University Hospital. Saliva samples were collected from 147 HIV patients and were plated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and chromogenic agar, and incubated at 30 ºC for 72 h. Colonies with similar morphology in both media were counted and the result expressed in CFU/mL. Results: Of the 147 HIV patients, 89 had positive cultures for Candida spp., with a total of 111 isolates, of which C. albicans was the most frequent species (67.6%), and the mean of colonies counted was 8.8 × 10³ CFU/mL. The main predisposing factors for oral colonization by Candida spp. were the use of antibiotics and oral prostheses. The use of reverse transcriptase inhibitors appears to have a greater protective effect for colonization. A low CD4+ T lymphocyte count is associated with a higher density of yeast in the saliva of HIV patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Photodynamic Therapy and Nanoparticles Effects on Caries Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1289-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saafan ◽  
Mohamed H. Zaazou ◽  
Marwa K. Sallam ◽  
Osama Mosallam ◽  
Heba A. El Danaf
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Colony Forming Units

AIM: To assess the antibacterial competence of 650 nm diode laser, Methylene Blue (MB) and Silver Nano-Particles (Ag NPs) on Streptococcus mutans in biofilm-induced caries models.MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred eighty specimens were prepared and equally divided into 6 groups. One group was untreated (control), and the others were subjected to either MB, laser, Ag NPs, the combination of MB and Laser or MB, laser and Ag NPs.RESULTS: Comparison of the log10 mean Colony Forming Units per millilitre (CFU/ml) values of each of the treated 5 groups and the control group was found statistically significant (P-value < 0.05).The combination of MB, laser and Ag NPs recorded the greatest reduction (95.28%). MB alone represented the least capable (74.09%). The efficiency differences among the Ag NPs treated group; the Laser treated group and the combined MB/Laser treated group were found statistically insignificant.CONCLUSION: The combination of MB, 650 nm diode laser and Ag NPs may be among the highly effective modern antimicrobial therapeutics in dentistry.

Influence of xylanase-supplemented feed on the development of selected bacterial groups in the intestinal tract of broiler chicks

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. VAHJEN ◽  
K. GLÄSER ◽  
K. SCHÄFER ◽  
O. SIMON
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

The colonization of Lactobacillus spp., enterobacteria and facultatively anaerobic gram-positive cocci was monitored in intestinal samples of growing broiler chicks from 24 h to 28 days of age. Rapid bacterial growth occurred within the first week, followed by stabilization and decline of colony forming units (CFU). Xylanase supplementation led to significantly lower CFU per gram of wet weight for total presumptive enterobacteria and total gram-positive cocci in luminal and tissue samples in the first 3 weeks. Lactobacillus spp. colony counts from tissue samples were higher for animals with the xylanase-supplemented diet, but luminal CFU were not. The composition of dominant Lactobacillus spp. strains was different in duodenal and jejunal tissues, but distribution of Lactobacillus spp. colony forms was unaffected by xylanase treatment. Mucosa-associated Enterococcus spp. displaced the dominant gram-positive cocci in the jejunal samples. d- and l-lactic acid and acetic acid concentrations were significantly higher in ileal samples from the control group on days 7 and 14, while butyric acid concentrations were higher in the xylanase-treated group. It is concluded that the less viscous intestinal environment caused by the xylanase slowed proliferation of gram-positive cocci and presumptive enterobacteria in enzyme-supplemented animals in the first 3 weeks of life.

Role of thioredoxin nitration in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yimin Song ◽  
Xiankui Li ◽  
Haizhou Guo ◽  
Guojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intratracheal Instillation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tyrosine Nitration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Oxidant stimulation has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our study aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms of thioredoxin (Trx) nitration during the development of IPF. A rat model of IPF was established by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM). Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed among the control group and BLM-treated group, in which rats were intratracheally instilled with a single dose of BLM (5.0 mg/kg body mass in 1.0 mL phosphate-buffered saline). At 7 or 28 days after instillation the rats were euthanized. Histopathological and biochemical examinations were performed. The activity and protein level of thioredoxin were assessed. The thioredoxin nitration level was determined using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting techniques. Our results demonstrated that protein tyrosine nitration increased in the BLM-treated group compared with the control group. Trx activity decreased in the BLM group compared with control group, whereas Trx expression and nitration level increased dramatically in the BLM group compared with the control group. Our results indicated that Trx nitration might be involved in the pathogenesis of IPF.

scholarly journals Possible ameliorative effects of hydromethanol extract of Thymus vulgaris on cadmium induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-577
Author(s):  
Remigius I. ONOJA ◽  
Chinwe U. CHUKWUDI ◽  
Nnenna T. EMEJUO ◽  
Hillary E. UGWUANYI ◽  
Emmanuel U. UGWUEZE
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Dose ◽  
Subcutaneous Dose ◽  
Group D ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

This study evaluated the possible ameliorative effect of hydromethanol extract of Thymus vulgaris on hepatorenal toxicity induced by cadmium in male rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups and treated as follows: A (control - 0.5ml of 2% tween 80 in distilled water per os) for 3 weeks and a single subcutaneous dose of phosphate buffered saline, B (single subcutaneous dose of cadmium in phosphate buffered saline at 3 mg/kg); C (500 mg/kg extract per os daily for 3 weeks) and D (single subcutaneous dose of cadmium in phosphate buffered saline at 3 mg/kg + 500 mg/kg extract per os daily for 3 weeks). Cadmium administration resulted in suppression of erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, an elevated total leucocyte count with associated neutrophilia which improved with extract administration. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and total bilirubin concentration increased with decrease in total serum protein and albumin in cadmium treated group B compared to control group A, group C (extract only) and cadmium plus extract treated group D. Cadmium led to a reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities with increase in the level of malondialdehyde. However, co-administration of extract with cadmium in group D reduced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress induced by cadmium. Histopathological examination of cadmium treated groups showed moderate vacuolar degeneration in the liver and degeneration of the kidney tubules which were ameliorated following co-administration with extract. This study shows that Thymus vulgaris extract has a potential protective effect against cadmium induced hepato-renal injury through the suppression of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian Peppertree) extract used as antifungal to control Candida spp. in planktonic cultures and biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 7p
Author(s):  
Daiane de Jesus Viegas ◽  
Isabela Amêndola ◽  
Tássia Marchetti Botrel ◽  
Felipe Eduardo De Oliveira ◽  
Leandro Wagner Figueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Schinus Terebinthifolius ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Human Infections

Objective: The use of medicinal plants may be an alternative method for the control of Candida spp. responsible for human infections. This study evaluated the antifungal effect of Schinus terebinthifolius extract (Brazilian Peppertree) on C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, and C. krusei planktonic cultures and biofilms. Material and Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungal concentration (MFC) of the plant extract were determined by the broth microdilution method. Biofilms formed in microplate wells were exposed to the extract for 5 min (50, 100 and 200 mg/mL) or 24 h (25, 50 and 100 mg/mL). After determination of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL), the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Test (P ? 0.05). Results: Different MIC (mg/mL) were found, such as 0.39 (C. dubliniensis), 1.56 (C. albicans), and 3.13 (C. glabrata and C. krusei). Besides, MFC (mg/mL) of 0.78 (C. dubliniensis) and 3.13 (C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. krusei) were also observed. Regarding the biofilms, significant reductions (log10) were found after 5 min and 24 h exposure to the plant extract, compared to the control group. However, C. dubliniensis was significantly affected only in 24 h treatment. Conclusion: S. terebinthifolius extract presented a significant antifungal effect on C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, and C. Krusei both in planktonic cultures and biofilms.

scholarly journals Effects of oral environment stabilization procedures on counts of Candida spp. in children

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Augusto do Rego ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Zinc Oxide Eugenol ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The effects of oral environment stabilization procedures on counts of Candida spp. have rarely been discussed, and no conclusive results are found in the literature. The aim of this study was thus to ascertain the effects of oral environment stabilization procedures with glass ionomer and zinc oxide-eugenol cements on counts of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children. For this purpose, oral rinses of sterile phosphate-buffered saline were initially collected from 30 boys and 30 girls, positive for Candida in the saliva and aged from 4 to 10 years. Data on the initial quantity of CFU/ml of Candida were obtained. Then, the children were randomly divided into two groups and oral environment stabilization procedures were performed using zinc oxide-eugenol cement or glass ionomer cement. One week after the procedures were performed, oral rinses were collected again and final Candida counts were obtained. An expressive reduction in Candida counts was observed in both groups. The zinc oxide-eugenol and glass ionomer cements were efficient in the reduction of Candida counts and statistically significant differences were observed between initial and final counts in both groups. Considering the percentage of reduction, the zinc oxide-eugenol cement presented more favorable results, with a reduction of 70%. A reduction of 46% was observed with the use of the glass ionomer cement. According to the obtained results, we concluded that oral environment stabilization procedures were efficient in reducing Candida spp. counts, especially when the zinc oxide-eugenol cement was employed.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC DEFECTS OF THE UPPER JAW BY CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOCENOSIS OF THE ORAL CAVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143
Author(s):  
Igor V. Yanishen ◽  
Olena L. Fedotova ◽  
Nataliia L. Khlystun ◽  
Olena O. Berezhna ◽  
Roman V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Microbial Density ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Upper Jaw

The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the microbiota’s features of oral mucosal membrane during orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with removable dentures which has an obturating part with two-layer bases. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, our bacteriological examination of oral cavity mucosa was performed for 25 patients with partial adentia of the upper jaw and defect of hard palate and alveolar process. Results and conclusions: Of the conducted studies indicate significant shifts in the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiocenosis in the oral cavity in patients with partial adenia of the upper jaw and a defect of hard palate and alveolar process due to representatives of moraksel, enterobacteria (representatives of the kinds Klebsiella and E. coli). The сomparing of frequency of extraction and the density of microbial colonization showed us the persistence in biotope of representatives near 13 kinds of bacteria and yeast-like fungi of the kind Candida in averages from lg (2,5 ± 0,19) to lg (5,4 ± 0,17) CFU/g. For patients who have been made a two-layered basis, materials of which are based on carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinialacetate in the period of adaptation to removable dentures, showed us that the detection of 5 component associations at 30 days was reduced by 2 times (χ2 = 5,991; ν = 2; p <0,05) . The frequency of removal and density of microbial colonization of the experimental group did not differ statistically. Among patients in the control group, the microbial colonization density increased for Enterococcus spp, for Klebsiella spp and for Candida spp. Yeast-like fungi. A significant decrease in the microbial density of the resident microflora was 1.4 times for Neisseria spp, 1.6 times for Lactobacillus spp (p <0,05).

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