Distribution of Weedy Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Resistant to Imidazolinone Herbicides and its Relationship to Rice Cultivars and Wild Oryza Species

Weed Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ives C. G. R. Goulart ◽  
Tereza C. O. Borba ◽  
Valmir G. Menezes ◽  
Aldo Merotto
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Oryza Glaberrima ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Seed Migration ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

Several weedy red rice populations have evolved resistance to imidazolinone herbicides worldwide. The understanding of the factors related to the herbicide resistance in weedy red rice is important to prevent its occurrence in new areas where imidazolinone-resistant rice cultivars are being used, and to manage the new rice cultivars resistant to herbicides with modes of action other than the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors that are being developed. The objectives of this study were to analyze the relationship of weedy red rice populations from southern Brazil with rice cultivars and wild Oryza species and to evaluate the occurrence of introgression from rice cultivars and seed migration as the origin of resistance to imidazolinone herbicides in weedy rice. The study was based on 27 weedy red rice populations, seven rice cultivars, and four wild Oryza species that were genotyped with 24 simple sequence repeats and three ALS-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. A large proportion of the genetic variation of the weedy red rice populations was found within (74%) rather than among populations (26%). The weedy red rice populations were more closely related to the newer rice cultivars that are imidazolinone-resistant than to the older cultivars. The South American native Oryza glumaepatula and the other wild Oryza species—Oryza rufipogon, Oryza longistaminata, and Oryza glaberrima—clustered separately from weedy red rice populations, indicating a low likelihood of introgression among weedy red rice and these wild species. Seed migration was an important factor in the genetic structure of the evaluated weedy red rice populations, although gene flow by pollen from resistant cultivars was the principal reason for the spread of herbicide resistance.

Mutations in the red rice ALS gene associated with resistance to imazethapyr

Weed Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyendra N. Rajguru ◽  
Nilda R. Burgos ◽  
Vinod K. Shivrain ◽  
James McD. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Herbicide Resistant

The introduction of Clearfield (CL) rice cultivars resistant to imidazolinone herbicides, acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, has raised concerns of gene flow to weedy rice genotypes collectively called “red rice” that infest rice-growing areas in the southern United States. This experiment was conducted to study hybridization between CL rice and red rice using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, identify mutations in the ALS gene of imazethapyr-resistant red rice, and to detect the introgression of the ALS-resistant gene from CL rice into red rice. Natural outcrossing experiments between CL rice and strawhull (SH) red rice were set up in Stuttgart, AR, in 2002 and 2003. Putative red rice hybrids were detected among volunteer plants in the following year. Hybridization was confirmed using SSR markers, and introgression of the resistant ALS gene from CL rice to red rice was detected by ALS gene sequencing. The ALS gene sequences of U.S. rice cultivars ‘Bengal’ and ‘Cypress’, SH red rice, CL rice (CL161), and imazethapyr-resistant red rice/CL rice hybrids were compared. Nucleotide sequences of the ALS gene from the rice cultivars were identical. Three point mutations were present in the SH red rice ALS gene coding region relative to Bengal/Cypress. One of these resulted in the substitution of Asp630for Glu630. The ALS gene sequences of confirmed hybrids were identical to that of the herbicide-resistant pollen source, CL161. We identified four ALS gene mutations in the herbicide-resistant red rice hybrids relative to the susceptible rice cultivars. One point mutation, resulting in a substitution of Ser653with Asn, was linked to ALS resistance in callus tissue derived from a Kinmaze rice line from Japan. The other three mutations (Ser186—Pro, Lys416—Glu, and Leu662—Pro) are novel. This experiment confirmed that gene flow from imidazolinone-resistant rice resulted in herbicide-resistant red rice plants.

Exploring Genetic and Spatial Structure of U.S. Weedy Red Rice (Oryza sativa) in Relation to Rice Relatives Worldwide

Weed Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gealy ◽  
Hesham A. Agrama ◽  
Georgia C. Eizenga
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Ssr Marker ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

Weedy red rice is a highly troublesome weed of rice in the United States and throughout the world. Effective management of this weed has remained challenging to U.S. farmers, partly because of the biological diversity among red rice populations, resistance to or avoidance of control measures, and genetic similarities with crop rice that allow crossing between the two plant types. The aim of this research was to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci that will unambiguously differentiate between U.S. weedy red rice, commercial rice cultivars, and their hybrids, to characterize the genetic diversity and structure of U.S. weedy red rice accessions in relation to Oryza collections from international sources, and to relate genetic and geographic variability within U.S. weedy red rice. Thirty-one SSR markers were used to analyze 180 worldwide Oryza entries and 80 U.S. weedy red rice and U.S. rice cultivars. Twenty-six of the 31 SSR marker loci were highly informative with respect to genetic distinctions between U.S. weedy red rice and U.S. rice cultivars. U.S. red rice are accessions clustered into two main SSR-based collections, awnless strawhull (SA−) and awned blackhull (BA+), according to genetic distance analysis and principal coordinate analysis. Genetic structure analysis clearly identified SA− and BA+ red rice, rice–red rice hybrids, commercial japonica rice cultivars, indica rice, and a number of international and wild Oryza spp. standards (e.g., Oryza nivara, Oryza rufipogon, and Oryza glaberrima) as genetically distinct groups. U.S. SA− red rice exhibited greater spatial structure than did BA+ in that the genetic makeup of SA− accessions changed nearly twice as much with geographic distance as compared to BA+. However, the overall genetic variability within SA− red rice accessions was less than for BA+ accessions, suggesting that the SA− types may be genetically less compatible than BA+ types with other Oryza plants such as rice or other red rice types present in U.S. rice fields. Several of the awned red rice entries exhibited evidence of natural hybridization with different red rice types. Our results suggest that the SA− and BA+ red rice collections have different genetic backgrounds. SA− accessions generally associated most closely with indica-like red- or white-bran Oryza sativa cultivar standards, while BA+ accessions generally associated more closely with O. nivara or O. nivara–like O. sativa entries. Although the U.S. red rice accessions appear not to have descended directly from introductions of the worldwide Oryza standards analyzed, an Oryza red-pericarp entry from Niger (UA 1012; PI 490783) was genetically very similar to some U.S. BA+ accessions.

DETECTING GENE FLOW FROM ALS-RESISTANT HYBRID AND INBRED RICE TO WEEDY RICE USING SINGLE PLANT POLLEN DONORS

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. G. R. GOULART ◽  
V. G. MENEZES ◽  
E. D. BORTOLY ◽  
V. KUPAS ◽  
A. MEROTTO
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Pollen Donor ◽  
Plant Pollen

SUMMARYGene flow from herbicide-resistant rice (Oryza sativaL.) cultivars can affect the biodiversity ofOryzaspp. and can result in the lack of opportunity to control weedy rice through selective herbicides. The aim of the present study was to quantify the outcrossing rate from the herbicide-resistant red rice and rice cultivars carrying three different ALS (acetolactate synthase) alleles using a single plant pollen donor approach. A field experiment was performed using the encircle population combination technique. The main plots comprised the pollen-receptor IRGA 417 cultivar or a susceptible biotype of weedy rice, and the subplots comprised the pollen-donor inbred cultivars IRGA 422 CL and PUITÁ INTA CL, the hybrid SATOR CL or a resistant biotype of weedy rice. Among the pollen-donors, the outcrossing rate for pollen receptor susceptible weedy rice and the IRGA 417 cultivar was 0.0344% and 0.0142%, respectively. Rice cultivars carrying theALSgene mutations Ala122Thr, Ser653Asn and Gly654Asn showed a similar outcrossing rate of 0.0243%. The outcrossing rate decreased over a distance of up to 3.5 m from the pollen-donor and was not affected by the wind cardinal direction. The risk of gene flow of herbicide resistance from rice to weedy rice should be reduced through the development of new strategies to contain and mitigate gene flow and of the elimination of weedy rice escapees.

Do adjuvants reduce the antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
L. Connor Webster ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
Benjamin M. McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Grass Weed ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

AbstractAcetyl co-enzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-resistant rice allows quizlaofop-p-ethyl to be applied as a POST control of troublesome grass weeds. A field study was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station near Crowley, LA, to evaluate the influence of a crop oil concentrate (COC), a silicon-based surfactant plus a nitrogen source (SNS), or a high-concentrate COC (HCOC) in overcoming the grass weed control antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na. Quizalofop-p-ethyl was applied at 120 g ai ha−1, bispyribac-Na was applied at 34 g ai ha−1, and all adjuvants were applied at 1% vol/vol. Antagonistic interactions were observed at 14 d after treatment (DAT) when quizalofop-p-ethyl was mixed with bispyribac-Na with no adjuvant for control of barnyardgrass, the non–ACCase-tolerant rice cultivars ‘CL-111’ and ‘CLXL-745’, and red rice. At 14 DAT, antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl for control of barnyardgrass was observed when mixed with bispyribac-Na plus COC, SNS, or HCOC, with an observed control of 43%, 63%, and 86%, respectively, compared with an expected control of 95% for quizalofop-p-ethyl alone. However, the antagonism of quizalofop-p-ethyl when mixed with bispyribac-Na plus HCOC for barnyardgrass control at 14 DAT was overcome by 28 DAT, with an observed control of 91%, compared with an expected control of 97%. Synergistic or neutral interactions were observed at 14 and 28 DAT when COC, SNS, or HCOC was added to a mixture of quizalofop-p-ethyl plus bispyribac-Na for CL-111, CLXL-745, and red rice control. According to the results of this study, HCOC is the most effective adjuvant for quizalofop-p-ethyl and bispyribac-Na mixtures for control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass.

Herbicide resistance in Bromus and Hordeum spp. in the Western Australian grain belt

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mechelle J. Owen ◽  
Neree J. Martinez ◽  
Stephen B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Random Survey ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides ◽  
Western Australian

Random surveys conducted in the Western Australian (WA) grain belt have shown that herbicide-resistant Lolium rigidum and Raphanus raphanistrum are a widespread problem across the cropping region. In 2010, a random survey was conducted to establish the levels of herbicide resistance for common weed species in crop fields, including the minor but emerging weeds Bromus and Hordeum spp. This is the first random survey in WA to establish the frequency of herbicide resistance in these species. For the annual grass weed Bromus, 91 populations were collected, indicating that this species was present in >20% of fields. Nearly all populations were susceptible to the commonly used herbicides tested in this study; however, a small number of populations (13%) displayed resistance to the acetolactate synthase-inhibiting sulfonylurea herbicides. Only one population displayed resistance to the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides. Forty-seven Hordeum populations were collected from 10% of fields, with most populations being susceptible to all herbicides tested. Of the Hordeum populations, 8% were resistant to the sulfonylurea herbicide sulfosulfuron, some with cross-resistance to the imidazolinone herbicides. No resistance was found to glyphosate or paraquat, although resistance to these herbicides has been documented elsewhere in Australia for Hordeum spp. (Victoria) and Bromus spp. (Victoria, South Australia and WA).

Outcrossing Potential between U.S. Blackhull Red Rice and Indica Rice Cultivars

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gealy ◽  
Nilda R. Burgos ◽  
Kathleen M. Yeater ◽  
Aaron K. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Tropical Japonica ◽  
Outcrossing Rates ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

Weedy red rice is a major weed pest of rice in the southern United States. Outcrossing between red rice and commercial tropical japonica rice cultivars has resulted in new weed biotypes that further hinder the effectiveness of weed management. In recent years, indica rice has been used increasingly as a germplasm source for breeding and for reduced-input systems in the United States, but little is known about its outcrossing potential with U.S. weedy red rice biotypes. In a 2-yr study, simple sequence repeat marker analysis was used to show that blackhull (BH) red rice (PI 653424) outcrossing to four, late-maturing indica cultivars averaged 0.0086% and ranged from 0.002% for ‘TeQing’ to 0.0173% for ‘4484’ (PI 615022). Rates of outcrossing to a tropical japonica cultivar standard, ‘Kaybonnet’ (0.032%), were substantially greater than for the indica cultivars. These differences in outcrossing were due largely to synchronization of flowering times between rice and red rice, with Kaybonnet and TeQing exhibiting the greatest and least synchronization, respectively. Outcrossing rates also may have been affected by rice–red rice flower density differences within the rice plots. Outcrossing from cultivated rice to the red rice (as pollen recipient), which was taller than all rice cultivars, was undetectable in these studies, and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and rainfall) were not strongly correlated with the outcrossing rates observed. Grain yields of the original BH red rice line were greatest in the Kaybonnet plots, demonstrating that the indica cultivars were superior competitors against this weed. Collectively, these results suggest that red rice biotypes that flower synchronously with rice cultivars are a potential source of pollen for outcrossing and gene flow in rice fields in the southern United States.

Survey of rice weed management and public and private consultant characteristics in Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno de Lima Fruet ◽  
Aldo Merotto ◽  
André da Rosa Ulguim
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

AbstractIdentification of common weeds is fundamental in determining adequate recommendations for management practices. The aim of this study was to identify the patterns of weed management adopted by rice farmers and the perspectives of consultants who work in flooded rice areas in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Brazil. Fifty-three public and 50 private consultants who worked with rice in RS in 2017 and 2018 were interviewed. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Both weedy rice and Echinochloa sp. occurred and escaped more often from chemical control because they remained in the field until harvest in 59% of the area. According to consultants, the main reasons for reduced weed control were related to herbicide resistance and late herbicide application. Fifty-six percent of farmers used imidazolinone herbicides at rates that were greater than those indicated on the label for POST application. The consultants’ main challenges were weed escapes, resistance management, and guidelines on herbicide rates. Survey results show that the use of herbicide rates above label recommendations and consultants’ work on control of weed escapes are directly related to the high occurrence of herbicide resistance.

scholarly journals Interaction between saflufenacil and imazapyr+imazapic in the management of barnyardgrass and weedy rice and selectivity for irrigated rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ânderson da Rosa Feijó ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Fipke ◽  
Luiza Piccinini Silveira ◽  
Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo ◽  
Nelson Diehl Kruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides ◽  
Chemical Groups

ABSTRACT: The use of imidazolinone-tolerant rice cultivars allows selective control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass. However, in many situations, there is a need to add herbicides from other chemical groups to increase the spectrum of weed control. In this sense, saflufenacil has the potential to be used in mixture with imidazolinone herbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction effects of the imazapyr+imazapic and saflufenacil herbicides in weedy rice and barnyardgrass and to investigate their impacts on the yield of the irrigated rice cultivar Puitá INTA CL. To reach these aims, greenhouse and field experiments were carried out during two growing seasons, with herbicide treatments sprayed separately and in mixtures of saflufenacil with imazapyr+imazapic. Results showed that saflufenacil did not interfere with control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass obtained with imazapyr+imazapic. The D50 values of imazapyr+imazapic for weedy rice control were 14.5+5, 9.1+3 and 12.5+4.2 g ha-1of imazapyr+imazapic for combinations with 0, 3.06 and 6.12 g ha-1of saflufenacil, respectively. In the field experiments, all doses of imazapyr+imazapic applied isolated or in mixture with saflufenacil provided control levels barnyardgrass above 90% at 28 days after herbicides application. Furthermore, saflufenacil did not cause damage or loss in the yield of the rice crop when mixed with imazapyr+imazapic. The Puitá INTA CL rice cultivar was tolerant of the tested herbicides, whether applied alone or in mixture, reaching grain yield of 9.987 kg ha-1 when applied 42 g ha-1 of saflufenacil plus 147+49 g ha-1 of imazapyr+imazapic.

Red rice (Oryza sativa) cross-resistance to imidazolinone herbicides used in resistant rice cultivars grown in northern Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos S. Kaloumenos ◽  
Nieves Capote ◽  
Ana Aguado ◽  
Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides
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