DISAPPEARANCE OF HISTOCHEMICALLY-DEMONSTRABLE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE AND OF PAS-REACTIVE BASEMENT MEMBRANES IN BLOOD VESSELS IN THE DECIDUA DURING OVUM IMPLANTATION IN MICE

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN HALL
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Decidual Cells

SUMMARY Histochemical studies were made of the endometrial blood vessels before and after normal implantation of blastocysts in intact mice and delayed implantation in pregnant, spayed, hormone-treated mice. Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was investigated by the calcium method of Padykula and Herman and the lead method of Wachstein and Meisel, controlled by inclusion of inhibitors and by substitution of other substrates. Paraffin sections were subjected to the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique. In the endothelium of endometrial blood vessels intense ATPase staining occurred on days 2 to 5 in intact mice and until at least day 9 in spayed mice injected with progesterone alone (no implantation), and in the non-decidual areas after normal (day 6) or induced (days 7–9) implantation. The reaction appeared to be localized in the endothelial plasma membranes, mainly in the basal membrane. The basement membranes of these vessels reacted strongly with PAS. Within decidual tissue at the implantation sites in both intact and spayed mice ATPase activity was completely absent from all blood vessels. The basement membranes of these vessels gave no reaction with PAS. There was close correlation in distribution and time of appearance between absence of ATPase activity and differentiation of alkaline phosphatase-reactive decidual cells. The specificity of the vascular reaction with ATP is considered in the light of its behaviour towards enzyme inhibitors and other substrates, and the significance of its disappearance in decidual blood vessels is discussed.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIK GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) SETELAH DIINDUKSI DENGAN GENTAMISIN

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy M Lintong ◽  
Carla F Kairupan ◽  
Priska L N Sondakh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract: Gentamycin, a frequently used aminoglycoside antibiotics, has a nephrotoxic effect to human beings and animals. The purpose of this research was to find out the microscopic changes of wistar rat kidneys after gentamycin induction. This was an experimental study, using five adult wistar rats, divided into three groups. Group I was the control group; group II consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day (dose of 60 mg/kg body weight/day) intraperitoneally for seven days; and group III consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day intraperitoneally for 10 days. Group I and II were terminated at day-8, and group III at day-11. Their kidneys were processed for microscopic slides, stained with hematoxylin eosin and Periodic Acid Schiff. In microscopic evaluation, group II and III showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells. Group III also showed fat vacuoles in these epithelial cells (macrovesicular fatty changes). Conclusion: wistar rats injected with gentamycin 60 mg/kg body weight/day for 7 and 10 days showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells; and macrovesicular fatty changes after 10 days of gentamycin.Key words: gentamycin, necrosis tubular epithelial cells, fatty changesAbstrak: Gentamisin termasuk antibiotik golongan aminoglikosida berspektrum luas yang bersifat nefrotoksik terhadap manusia dan hewan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan mikroskopik struktur ginjal tikus Wistar setelah diberikan gentamisin. Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan lima ekor tikus Wistar dewasa yang dibagi atas tiga kelompok. Kelompok I tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari (dosis 60 mg/kgBB/hari) secara intraperitonial selama tujuh hari; dan kelompok III terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari secara intraperitonial selama 10 hari. Tikus Wistar kelompok I dan II diteminasi hari ke-8, sedangkan kelompok III diterminasi hari ke-11. Ginjal tikus kelompok I -III kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologik dengan pengecatan rutin hematoksilin eosin dan Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tikus Wistar perlakuan yang diberikan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari selama 7 sampai 10 hari secara mikroskopik memperlihatkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis, dan destruksi membrana basalis sel epitel tubulus; dan pada hari ke-10 terlihat vakuol-vakuol lemak pada sel epitel sehingga inti terdesak ke tepi (perlemakan makrovesikuler). Simpulan: pemberian gentamisin pada tikus Wistar dengan dosis 60 mg/kg BB/hari selama 7-10 hari menunjukkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis sel epitel tubulus, dan membrana basalis tubulus rusak; dan setelah hari ke-10 juga terlihat perlemakan makrovesikuler.Kata kunci: gentamisin, nekrosis sel epitel tubulus, perlemakan makrovesikuler

Mast cell infiltration associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichao Wu ◽  
Zhihong Liu ◽  
Weixin Hu ◽  
Leishi Li
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Aristolochic Acid ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN) is regarded as a kind of toxic nephropathy caused by the formation of DNA- aristolochic acid adducts in renal parenchymal cells. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in AAN still remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of some immunological factors, especially mast cells (MCs), in the pathogenesis of AAN. Sixteen patients with AAN were enrolled in this study, including five acute and 11 chronic AAN. Monoclonal antibodies against human tryptase, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD68 were applied on serial sections, which were further counterstained with Periodic Acid-Schiff. It was found that massive tryptase-positive MCs were observed in the fibrotic areas in chronic AAN, especially around thickened tubular basement membranes where myofibroblasts accumulated too. In contrast, MCs infiltrated to a less extent in acute AAN, and were barely found in normal control kidneys. In chronic AAN, the number of MCs in the tubulointerstitium was positively correlated with the degree of renal fibrosis ( r=0.64, P<0.05), but not with serum creatinine levels. Meanwhile, the recruitment of MCs into the renal interstitium is accompanied with local proliferation of myofibroblasts. Macrophages were not abundant, neither in acute nor in chronic AAN. Our findings show for the first time that mast cell infiltration seems to be associated with the progression of fibrosis in the renal tubulointerstitium in chronic AAN.

scholarly journals The adverse effect of long term intake of Monosodium Glutamate on kidney performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 (1) ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
Amer M. Hussin ◽  
Ali A. Tala’a ◽  
Safa Abdul Naser Fadhil ◽  
Hamzah Abdulrahman Salman
Keyword(s):  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that is considered as a water and environmental pollutant and affects the tissues of the living being. This study was aimed to find the effect of long-term administration of MSG on the mass of mesangial cells of the kidneys. Forty adult male rats were divided into four groups (10 each). Control groups 1&2 were supplied orally with distilled water for 30 and 60 days, respectively. Treatment groups 1&2 were supplied orally with 15 mg/kg Bwt of MSG for 30 & 60 days, respectively. Control and treatment groups were sacrificed, specimens of kidneys were obtained, fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed by Routine histological techniques, stained by Hematoxylin and eosin, and PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff) stains then examined under the light microscope. The result found enlargement in a mesangial mass represented by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mesangial cells leading to mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Accordingly, the study showed an increase in creatinine values, indicating a disturbance in renal function. This will lead to a decrease in the sizes of the glomeruli of renal corpuscles and a relative increase of Bowman’s space. With the time of the experiment, the glomerular capillaries and gates of basement membranes will be closed, resulting in renal filtration disorders. It was concluded that the long-term intake of MSG leads to indirect narrowing of the glomerular capillary lumen, causing kidney failure.

scholarly journals Histologic and inflammatory lamellar changes in horses with oligofructose-induced laminitis treated with a CXCR1/2 antagonist

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo R. de Lima ◽  
Heloisa M.F. Mendes ◽  
Frederico M. Soriani ◽  
Danielle G. de Souza ◽  
Geraldo Eleno S. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Chemokine Signaling ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Membrane Changes

Abstract: With the hypothesis that blocking chemokine signaling can ameliorate acute laminitis, the aim was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intravenous DF1681B, a selective antagonist for CXCR1 and CXCR2 (chemokine receptors), in an oligofructose equine laminitis model. To twelve mixed breed clinically healthy hoses with no previous history of hoof-related lameness was administered oligofructose (10g/kg given by nasogastric tube) and divided into two groups: treated (intravenous DF1681B at 30mg/kg 6, 12, 18, and 24h after oligofructose) and non-treated groups. Laminar biopsies were performed before and 12, 36, and 72h after administering oligofructose. Samples were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and scored from 0 to 6 according to epidermal cell and basal membrane changes. The IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCL1 RNA expressions were determined by RT-PCR. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used to compare times within each group (P<0.05). The PAS grades and IL-1β and IL-6 RNA expression increased in the non-treated group, but remained constant in the treated horses. In conclusion, DF1681B therapy reduced laminar inflammation and epidermal deterioration in treated horses. CXCR1/2 blockage should be considered therapeutically for equine acute laminitis.

scholarly journals Relationship between the morphologic alterations of vocal cords from adult autopsies and the cause of death

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karina Marques Salge ◽  
Eumenia Costa da Cunha Castro ◽  
Mara Lúcia Fonseca Ferraz ◽  
Marlene Antônia dos Reis ◽  
Vicente de Paula Antunes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the possible alteration in the thickness of the epithelium basal membrane of the vocal cords and correlate it with the cause of death. METHOD: Larynxes collected from adult autopsies during the period of 1993 to 2001 were utilized. We used the hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining methods for the morphological and morphometric analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-six vocal cords were analysed; increased thickness was identified in 14 cases (21.2%), with equal proportions between the genders. Increased vocal-cord thickness was more frequent in patients of the white ethnicity (12 cases, 85.7%). Respiratory alterations were found in 10 (71.4%) of the cases with increased vocal-cord thickness. Of the patients that were maintained with mechanical ventilation before death, 7 (18.4%) had thickening of the basal membrane. Among the smokers, 9 (19.63%) had basal membrane thickening. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant differences were found between the cases in which the cause of death was related to respiratory diseases as compared to non-respiratory diseases and the thickening of the basal membrane of the vocal cords. However, new studies are needed in order to verify the etiopathogenesis of this thickening.

Periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver methenamine(PATS) reaction: An improved silver methodology for light and electron microscopy

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 264-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Giammara ◽  
T. Romaine ◽  
W. Ambrose ◽  
J. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Reticular Fibers ◽  
Pas Reaction

Many variations of the periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) reaction have been utilized for electron microscopy based on the Gomori periodic acid-silver methenamine reaction (1) or the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-osmium tetroxide(PATCO) reaction (2,3). These reactions are widely employed and have been very useful for the demonstration of one or more biomacromolecules or structures such as glycogen, basement membranes, reticular fibers or lipopolysaccharide. However, these reactions have various drawbacks such as complexity of methodology, ability to stain only a limited number of these components, or lack of adaptability for both light and electron microscopy. Our newly devised PATS reaction is relatively easy to perform. A full description of the details must await the outcome of a pending patent application. It consists essentially of a stepwise treatment of the sample with periodic acid, thiocarbohydrazide(TCH) and silver methenamine.

scholarly journals An improved periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-osmium technique to reveal glycoconjugates at the molecular level in situ.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1161-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Derenzini ◽  
F Farabegoli ◽  
V Marinozzi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Periodic Distribution

The periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide or thiosemicarbazide-OsO4 method (Seligman AM, Hanker JS, Wasserkrug H, Katzoff L: J Histochem Cytochem 13:629, 1965) has been modified in order to obtain a periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-like reaction for electron microscopy capable of visualizing structures at the molecular level in situ. Thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) and thiosemicarbazide (TSC) have been used dissolved in distilled water and bubbled with SO2. Treatment of previously oxidized thin sections with TCH (SO2) or TSC (SO2), followed by osmification, resulted in selective and very good staining of all the PAS-positive structures examined: glycogen, intestinal mucopolysaccharides, plasma membrane glycoproteins, basement membranes, Golgi apparatus, and collagen. The staining reaction was highly specific when TSC was used on thin sections from paraformaldehyde-fixed samples. The non-particulate end-reaction product made possible visualization of a periodic distribution of sugar residues in the 64-nm unit of collagen and the structural organization of the PAS-positive glycoconjugate components in the glomerular basement membrane.

The Tinctorial Behaviour of Human Mast Cells

1954 ◽  
Vol s3-95 (29) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM MONTAGNA ◽  
ARTHUR Z. EISEN ◽  
ALLEN S. GOLDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Blue Stain

Mast cells in the skin differentiate from perivascular fibroblasts. The cells nearest the walls of the blood-vessels contain mostly sparse and small mast granules; in those farther removed from the blood-vessels the granules are more numerous and coarse. With weak solutions of toluidine blue, mast granules reveal maximal chromotropy at pH 5-0. At lower pH values not all of the granules stain; at higher ones the granules and the intergranular cytoplasm stain progressively more orthochromatically. After digestion with ribonuclease and staining with toluidine blue buffered to pH 4.0 or 5.0 the mast granules are cherry red and all traces of orthochromatic staining are abolished; when stained at pH 60 or above, however, the cytoplasm and the granules attain a strong blue stain as if they had not been digested in the enzyme. Preparations fixed in Helly's fluid may be washed in running water overnight and the mast granules show no diminution in chromotropy. The same sections may be stained, destained, and stained again at any desired pH with excellent results. Both the cytoplasm and the granules are Schiff-reactive, but the granules stain more intensely than the background. Sections stained with the periodic acid/Schiff technique and subsequently stained with toluidine blue reveal the mast granules brilliantly metachromatic, suggesting that the metachromatic and the Schiff-reactive substances, although coexistent, may be in fact separate elements. Mast granules, according to these tinctorial reactions, then, may contain 4 substances: (a) a protein cytoskeleton stainable with toluidine blue buffered to pH 6.0 or above; (b) some ribonucleic acid removable with ribonuclease and stainable with toluidine blue buffered to pH 5.0 or below; (c) an acid mucopolysaccharide which stains metachromatically; and (d) a Schiff-reactive substance.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of plasma-membrane glycoproteins from pig epidermis

1982 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. King ◽  
Anne Tabiowo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lentil Lectin ◽  
Sepharose 4B

1. Non-desmosomal plasma membranes enriched in plasma-membrane marker enzymes and in metabolically labelled glycoproteins were isolated on a large scale from up to 500g of pig ear skin slices. Sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and periodic acid/Schiff staining revealed the presence of four major glycosylated components in the apparent molecular-weight range 150000–80000. 2. A large proportion of the marker enzymes, the d-[3H]glucosamine-labelled glycoproteins and the periodic acid/Schiff-stained glycoproteins were solubilized by 1% (w/v) sodium deoxycholate. However, several non-glycosylated proteins, in particular those with mol.wts. 81000, 41000 and 38000 (possibly cytoskeletal components), were relatively resistant to solubilization. 3. The deoxycholate-solubilized membranes were fractionated by lectin affinity chromatography using both concanavalin A–Sepharose 4B and lentil lectin–Sepharose 4B. From 75 to 85% of the applied glycoprotein was recovered from the columns. From 30 to 40% of the recovered glycoprotein was specifically bound by the lectins and was eluted with 2% (w/v) α-methyl d-mannoside. The enrichment of labelled glycoproteins in the material bound by the lectins (2.5-fold) was similar with both lectins, although the yield was somewhat greater when lentil lectin was used. The glycoprotein-enriched fraction was also enriched in all the plasma-membrane marker enzymes, indicating their probable glycoprotein nature. 4. The glycoprotein-enriched fraction contained the four major periodic acid/Schiff-stained bands that were detected in the original plasma membrane. They had apparent mol.wts. 147000, 130500, 108000 and 91400. The higher-molecular-weight components contained relatively more d-[3H]glucosamine, indicating differences in the sugar composition or in the metabolic turnover of the individual glycoproteins in culture. The material bound by the lectins also contained a number of lower-molecular-weight Coomassie Brilliant Blue-stained components. These were weakly stained by periodic acid/Schiff reagent and were lightly labelled with d-[3H]glucosamine, indicating that they contained less carbohydrate than the four major glycoprotein bands. 5. Chloroform/methanol-extracted plasma membranes and isolated glycoproteins had a similar carbohydrate composition, containing sialic acid, hexosamine, fucose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose. Glucose was not enriched in the isolated glycoproteins, suggesting that it may be a contaminant. Xylose, however, was enriched in the isolated glycoproteins. It remains to be established whether this sugar, which is not usually found in plasma-membrane glycoproteins, is a genuine constituent of plasma-membrane glycoproteins in the epidermis.

Vocal Cord Basement Membrane in Non-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Cases

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eumênia C.C. Castro ◽  
L. Cesar Peres
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

Vocal cord basement membrane thickening (VCBMT) has been observed in children with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). It has been proposed that this lesion could be used as a positive indicator of this syndrome in autopsies of children who have died unexpectedly. The present investigation aimed to analyze vocal cord basement membranes from autopsies of children 0 to 365 days old. A total of 134 larynges were analyzed. Histological sections of paraffin-embedded larynges stained with H&E and submitted to histochemical staining with periodic acid–Schiff (PAS), Masson's trichrome, syrius red, and Carstairs were used for light microscopy analysis. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal anti-collagen IV antibody was used to determine the nature of VCBMT. The study was completed with morphometry of H&E–and PAS-stained sections and revision of the clinical information contained in the hospital files. VCBMT was found in 25 cases (18.7%) and showed characteristics of normal basement membrane, including immunoreactivity to collagen IV. Our data support the conclusions that VCBMT is frequently seen in pediatric autopsies, is seen in children in all age-groups studied whose deaths were due to causes other than SIDS, and is commonly associated with infectious diseases. Like SIDS, VCBMT occurs in the first year of life.

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