scholarly journals Incidence of Third Trochanter in Human Femora and It’s Morphometry in Indian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1.3) ◽  
pp. 7890-7895
Author(s):  
Salma Sadaf ◽  
◽  
Padmalatha K ◽  
Giridhar Dasegowda ◽  
Priyanka Prasanna Kumar Belaguthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: The third trochanter is an osseous-cartilaginous-tendinous complex. It is a term used for a prominent oval structure usually confined under the greater trochanter in the superior end of gluteal tuberosity. The third trochanter results from increased pull of the gluteus maximus. The third trochanter gives the muscle better grip, helps to alter the direction of tendon and improves effective function. Purpose of the study: The present study was undertaken to compare the incidence of the third trochanter in human femora with other series and to correlate with its morphometry. Materials and Methods: 56 dry human femurs (28 each of right and left side) of unknown age and sex were obtained from fellow undergraduate students at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Trochanters with damaged upper ends were excluded from the study. After careful examination two femurs were excluded and the rest were subjected to identification of third trochanter. Results: The incidence of the third trochanter in the present study was 14.28% with the right side predominant (10.71%). The mean length and width were 17.87mm and 7mm respectively. The femurs with the third trochanter were found to have better developed greater trochanter and all the osteometric measurements were found to be higher compared to the ones without. No significant difference was noted in the morphometric indices, as all the osteometric measurements were uniformly increased. Conclusion: This study was performed to increase the understanding of this post-cranial non metric trait on Indian population because of scarcity of information on this variation of human femora. We find the incidence more on the right side indicative of dominant side in most people. The femurs were uniformly bulkier as seen in better built human femurs. Hence, it is a change to meet the functional demands. KEY WORDS: third trochanter, trochanter, femur, morphometry, gluteus maximus, bony projection, non-metric variant, post-cranial.

A STUDY OF THE DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN ACETABULUM IN THE DRY HIP BONES OF SOUTH KERALA POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Rani Raphael M ◽  
Sajey P. S. ◽  
Rajad. R ◽  
Varghese P. D
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Introduction: In human anatomy the acetabulum is a cavity on the lateral aspect of the hip-bone. The purpose of this study is to record the depth and diameter of the acetabulum cavity to accumulate morphological data helpful for anthropologists, Forensic medicine experts and orthopedicians. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 88 adult human hip bones (42 right and 46 left) collected from Department of Anatomy, Govt.T.D Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala state. The diameters and maximum depth were measured using digital vernier calliper. The measurements were compared with other studies in the world. The mean diam Results: eter of acetabulum was 48.08 ± 3.21mm, 44.16 ± 2.60 mm in male and female respectively. The mean ± S.D value of depth was 29.11± 2.37 and 27.20± 2.01 mm. in male and female respectively. The correlation between depth and diameter was signicant only in the right male hip bones. There is signicant variation in the Conclusion: anatomical parameters of hip bone between different Indian population groups. The data from this study may be used for designing population specic hip prosthesis.

scholarly journals A study on occurrence of third trochanter in the femora in northern Tamil Nadu region

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
N Muthukumaravel ◽  
K. Y Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Functional Difference ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background and aims: The third trochanter is defined as the osseous tubercule in the superior part of the gluteal tuberosity. The occurrence of third trochanter might have been due to the consequence of the relative strengthening of gluteus maximus muscle in human beings. The present study was undertaken on the femora of northern Tamil Nadu region with the aim to determine the frequency of third trochanter of femur in this region and to compare it with occurrence in other series. Material and methods: The study was carried out on a collection of 153 dried adult femora of unknown age and sex available at the departments of Anatomy of Annapoorana Medical College and Vinayaka Mission's Homeopathy Medical College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. Results: Out of total 153 femora studied, the presence of third trochanter was noticed in 21 femora (13.72%). Out of these 15.71% were femora of the right side and 12.04% were of the left side. The average length and breadth of the third trochanters were 19.80±5.22 mm and 7.63±1.75 mm respectively Conclusion: The occurrence of the third trochanter was considerably higher among right femora than the femora of the left side. The average length of the third trochanters was found to be more on the right side and average width was more on the left side. This may be due to functional difference between the right and left gluteus maximii muscles.

scholarly journals An Anthropometric Comparison of Inner Canthal Distance, Outer Canthal Distance and Canthal Index in the Indian and Nepalese Undergraduate Students of Nepalgunj Medical College

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
N Adhikari ◽  
M N Ambekar ◽  
S KC
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indian Male

 Background: The canthal distances are one of the most important aspects in ascessing the facial aesthetics. Several authors have described changes in the canthal distances attributable to race and gender.Aims and Objectives: To compare the inner canntahl distance, outer canthal distance and canthal index in between Nepalese and Indian undergraduate students of Nepalgunj Medical College.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted to compare canthal distances and canthal index among 320 (160 Indians: 100 male,60 female and 160 Nepalese: 100 male and 60 female) undergraduate students of Nepalgunj Medical College of age group 18-24 years at Department of Anatomy, Chisapani, Banke. Inner canthal distance(ICD) and Outer canthal Distance(OCD) were measured by using round end spreading caliper and Canthal Index were calculated by ICD/OCD *100. The value obtained was compared among Indian and Nepalese students in both sexes by using student t-test.Result: The study showed that there was no any significant difference on the value of inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index observed between Nepalese and Indian population except on the value of canthal index which was significantly different between Indian male and Nepalese male population. However, when the comparison was done between the sexes, inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index of males are larger than females except on the value of canthal index of Indian males and Indian females which was non-significant.Conclusion: There occurred a sexual dimorphism within Indian and Nepalese population except on canthal index of Indian male and Indian female but there wasn't any significant differences between Nepalese and Indian population of same sex except on canthal index of Indian male and Nepalese male. JNGMC,  Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 12-14

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRY OF NECK-SHAFT ANGLE IN DRIED ADULT HUMAN FEMORA OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
GURPREET SINGH ◽  
GURSHARAN SINGH DHINDSA
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Prosthetic Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shaft Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Objectives: The present study aimed to record the femoral-neck shaft angle was carried out which would be of help to the orthopedicians while carrying out surgical repairs around the hip joint especially in fracture of the neck of femur. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 North Indian unpaired dry adult human femora (Right-50, Left-50) of unknown sex were studied. Neck-shaft angle (NSA) of the femur was measured with the help of goniometer and measurements were recorded in degrees. The raw data obtained were statistically analyzed. Range, mean, standard deviation, and standard error of mean were determined. Results: The mean NSA was found to be 127.63°+3.48° (Right=127.80°+3.56° and Left=127.46°+3.42°) with a range of 122°–137° (Right=122°–137° and Left=122°–136°). No significant difference in values of neck-shaft angle was found in the right and left femora. Conclusion: The overall goal of this study was to generate information that would be useful for geometric modeling of femora and collecting data which could prove useful for the development of prosthetic implants

scholarly journals Some Uterine and Ovarian Biometric Changes in Pregnant Maradi Female Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie Nwabuisi OKOYE ◽  
Clifford Nwabugwu ABIAEZUTE ◽  
Okezie Samuel EKERE
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Capra Aegagrus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uterine Length ◽  
The Right ◽  
Linear Manner

This study aimed to determine the changes in the biometry of the ovaries, of the uteri and its contents in the Maradi doe-goat during the three terms of pregnancy. Pregnant uteri from 28 female goats and their corresponding ovaries were used to study the biometric changes in the ovaries, gravid uteri, amniotic and allantoic fluids volumes, fetuses and plancentomes during the three terms of pregnancy. The results revealed that there was no significant variation in the ovarian weight during the three terms of pregnancy. However, there were significant variations in the ovarian length (left ovary 2.15 ± 0.16 cm; right ovary 2.10 ± 0.10 cm) and width (left ovary 1.77 ± 0.19 cm; right ovary 1.60 ± 0.10 cm) in the third term of pregnancy compared to the ovarian length and width in the first term of pregnancy. The uterine weight showed significant variation in the first term, second term   and in the third term of pregnancy. The uterine length of both horns also showed significant variations in the first term (left side 31.40 ± 1.79 cm; right side 28.22 ± 0.98 cm), second term (left side 51.58 ± 4.14 cm; right side 50.51 ± 3.62 cm) and in the third term (left side 70.67 ± 1.76 cm; right side 80.38 ± 2.75 cm) of pregnancy but only in the third term of pregnancy was a significant difference in the lengths of the left side uterine horn (70.67 ± 1.76 cm) compared to the right side (80.38 ± 2.75 cm). The number of plancentomes was constant in both uterine horns throughout gestation; however the mean caruncular diameter increased progressively from the first term of gestation through the third term of pregnancy. The smallest and largest caruncles were observed on the ventral surfaces of the uterine horns, and the plancentomes were observed to be aligned in a linear manner along the longitudinal axis of the uterine horns. This study shows that there are differences in the biometrics of the ovary and uterus in Maradi goats compared to some other breed.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON CEPHALIC INDEX OF ADULT NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Singh ◽  
Vasundhara Kulshreshtha ◽  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
Ved Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Head Length ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Cephalic Index ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Head Breadth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Cephalic index is the percentage of head breadth to head length. The index is calculated from measurement of the diameters of head (head length and head breadth). When applied to living individuals it is known as cephalic index, and when referring to dry skulls, the cranial index. This index is used as a useful anthropological tool for analysis of racial and sexual differences in a population. The present study was done to find out Cephalic Index and to study sexual dimorphism in adult North Indian population. Objective of the study was to calculate the cephalic index and to find out that the present study group belongs to which category in the classification of skull based on cephalic index and to study the sexual dimorphism in respect to cephalic index. Material & Methods: The present study comprised of 200 medical students of age group between 18 yrs. to 25 yrs. of S.N. Medical College, Agra, not having any significant disease or deformity that could have affected the general or the bony growth. Two anthropometric parameters; head length and head breadth were recorded in centimeters by using spreading caliper. With these recorded data, cephalic index was calculated for males and females separately as well as combined. Results: Mean Cephalic Index was significantly higher (p=0.03124) in females (79.350 ± 5.7157) as compared to males (77.715 ± 4.9102). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of the cephalic indices of male and female students (p=0.03124). The mean cephalic index of combined population in this study was 78.533 ± 5.3776 which states that the dominant head shape among North Indians is Mesaticephalic.

scholarly journals Effects of Extraction and Nonextraction Treatment on Third Molar Angulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Ajay Sudhakar Nitturkar ◽  
Sachin Doshi ◽  
Girish Karandikar ◽  
Samay Tahilramani ◽  
Bhavisha Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the angular changes in the developing third molars in both first premolar extraction and nonextraction cases and to determine if premolar extraction results in greater mesial movement of mandibular buccal segment and also causes favorable rotational changes in the third molar tip, which can improve later eruption of the third molars. Materials and Methods Pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) panoramic radiographs were obtained 31 subjects were taken who had been treated by extraction of all first premolars and for 21 subjects treated with nonextraction theray. Occlusal plane was used to measure and compare the changes in the angles of the developing maxillary and mandibular third molars. Results The mean uprighting of the third molars seen in the extraction group was 8.7° ± 10.29° and 2.97° ± 11.11° on the right side, and 5.14° ± 9.04° and 2.77° ± 12.10° on the left side following treatment (T2 – T1). For the nonextraction group, the mean difference was – 1.52 ± 6.43 and – 6.430 ± 12.21° on the right side, and – 3.90° ± 7.67° and – 5.7° ± 7.23° on the left side. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion Premolar extractions had a positive influence on the developing third molar angulations. Nonextraction therapy did not have any adverse effects. How to cite this article Nitturkar AS, Doshi S, Krishnan RV, Karandikar G, Tahilramani S, Gandhi B. Effects of Extraction and Nonextraction Treatment on Third Molar Angulation. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(1):17-21.

scholarly journals Study on the Length and the Breadths of Tendoachilles of Human Cadaver

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Ahmad Seraji ◽  
Soniya Fahmi ◽  
Khandaker Nadia Afreen ◽  
Mahbuba Aktar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: Tendoachilles is the chief plantar flexor of the ankle joint. The present study was conducted to find out the possible variations of tendoachilles between the right and the left leg of both male and female.Materials and methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2013 to June 2014. The data were collected from both the right and the left tendoachilles of 60 human cadavers taken from Anatomy Departments of different Government and Nongovernment Medical Colleges in Dhaka city. Among the 60 cadavers, 30 were male and 30 were female. After dissection, the length of tendoachilles and the breadths at different levels of tendoachilles were measured and recorded.Results: The mean length of tendoachilles was significantly greater in the right than in the left leg of both male and female. The tendoachilles was longer in male than in female in both the right and the left leg (P<0.01). There was significant positive correlation between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both the right leg and the left leg in case of male. Positive correlation was also observed between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both the legs in case of female, but that was not statistically significant. The mean breadths of tendoachilles were significantly greater in the right leg than in the left leg at its junction with gastrocnemius and at the level of its junction with calcaneus in both male and female and also in male than in female in both legs. Significant difference was observed between the breadth of right and left tendoachilles at the level of 4 cm above its junction with calcaneus in male but not in female (P>0.05).Conclusion: Significantly greater values were observed in the length and in most of the breadths of tendoachilles in the right leg of both sexes and in male in both legs. There was significant positive correlation between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both legs in case of male, but, not in female.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.388-394

scholarly journals An osteological study of distal end of femur in adult south Indian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Ashwini N S ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Notch Width ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intercondylar Notch Width

Background: Need for the study: Anthropometric studies across different population groups have exhibited significant difference between races. Hence the usage of implant for total knee arthroplasty has to be gender specific and race specific. This study was undertaken to analyse the morphometry of distal end of femur in South Indian population. Aims and objectives: To analyse the morphometry of distal end of femur and to study the anteroposterior dimensions of condyles of femur, bicondylar width, intercondylar notch width. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 150 femur (80 right and 70 left) obtained from Department of Anatomy of a private medical college. Measurements of anteroposterior dimensions of condyles of femur, bicondylar width, intercondylar notch width were taken using a sliding calipers. Conclusions: In the present study, mean Bicondylar width noted in the present study is 72.63 ±4.13 mm on the right side and 71.25±3.14mm on the left side The mean intercondylar width observed is 21.27±4.18mm on the right side and 20.35±2.14mm on the left side. There was no statistically significant differences observed in the values of anteroposterior length of medial and lateral condyles, bicondylar width, intercondylar width between right and left sides. The results of the study has application in the field of biomedical engineering to design knee implants specific for South Indian population.

Load Distribution Between Right and Left Foot by Using Podata Postural Stabilometric Footplate in Undergraduate Students of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Hashim ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Asif Hanif ◽  
Samia Sarmad ◽  
Faiza Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Secure Place

Abstract Objective: The objective was to assess the load distribution between right and left foot by using PODATA Postural Stabilometric footplate in undergraduate students of Pakistan.Study design: Cross sectional study.Place and Duration: This study was conducted from the different medical institutes of Pakistan.Methodology: Ethical committee's clearance was acquired from the University of Lahore before this research's ritualistic starting point. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 undergraduate students having age years. For data collection, empowerment from patients was started by taking compile agreement from the university's management. Informed consent was taken from the study participants. All questions in the questionnaire were validated through previous literature. Questionnaires were provided and abstracted to the respondents as a pamphlet. After collection, data was saved in a secure place to avoid any biases.Results: Out of 145 students, 115(75.9%) students were females, and 30(24.1%) students were males, 76 students had normal body weight, The mean weight on the right foot was 2.29 ± 0.92 kg by accessor 1, 2.29 ± 0.93 kg by accessor 2 & the mean weight on the left foot was 0.57 ± 0.33 kg by Accessor 1, 0.57 ± 0.34 kg by Accessor 2; hence, there is a significant difference in weight on right & left foot by accessor 1 & accessor 2 during open eyes as the p-value was significant. (value <0.00001**).Conclusion: It was concluded that the load distribution is not the same as the right foot and the left foot. The right foot is dominant; changing the accessor doesn't matter the foot's dominancy, and if someone has right-hand dominance, it's not necessarily that their right foot Will be dominant. Their left foot can also be dominant. Load distribution between foot also depends on the total body weight.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document