scholarly journals Morphology Analysis of Human Fourth Molars Using Computed Microtomography - Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-581
Author(s):  
Ana Clélia Roussenq Baracho ◽  
Eun Sol Cho ◽  
Nayara Ramos de Almeida Torres ◽  
Thiago Gomes da Silva ◽  
Antonio Adilson Soares de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lower Arch

Analyze the morphological characteristics of fourth molars from non-syndromic patients using computed microtomography (microCT). Five human fourth molars (case group) and other three third molars (control group) were obtain from Biobank of UFPR Dentistry School. The teeth were submitted to macroscopic and microCT analysis. Sample characteristics: 60% of the teeth from the lower arch, mainly from the right lower arch (40%). The results showed that eighty percent of the teeth were impacted and all of them presented normal morphology. The microCT revealed that one of the fourth molars had hypercementosis. Concerning the root canal anatomy, all of the fourth molars studied had just one principal root canal. Four teeth had one collateral canal that ended at the lateral face of the root. The volume average of root canal, dentine and enamel were respectively 9.27 mm3, 122.64 mm3 and 74.71 mm3. The averages between these variables in third molars were 46.98 mm3, 473.25 mm3 and 198.34 mm3, respectively. Proportionally, the volume of the fourth molars was five times less than the third molars, but the dentine and enamel volume were, respectively, 3.8 and 2.7 times less than third molars. The fourth molar teeth usually showed only one principal root canal and it can be associated with other alterations, such as hypercementosis. Although the fourth molars were smaller, the proportion of enamel volume is bigger than third molar in comparison.

scholarly journals A Radiograhic Study of the Third Molar Inclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Nagy-Bota Monica Cristina ◽  
Păcurar Mariana ◽  
Hălmaciu Ioana ◽  
Suciu Bogdan-Andrei ◽  
Brînzaniuc Klara
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Lower Arch

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of inclusion of lower and upper third molar in the population of Mures county. Materials and Methods: For this study, we examined the orthopantomograms (OPGs) of 243 patients (including 138 women and 105 men, aged 19-57 years old) who had impacted third molars and who presented to three Orthodontic Clinics in Tîrgu Mureș between 2015-2017. All impacted third molars were taken into consideration but which at the same time presented fully developed roots. We excluded from the study patients with pathological condition or craniofacial syndromes such as cleidocranial dysostosis and Down syndrome. Results: In both women and men, the most common cases were of one impacted molar (61,72%), then two (27,16%) and three (11,12%) impacted molars. Based on the evaluation of all radiographs, 363 impacted teeth were observed, with a higher proportion in women (54,27%) compared to men (45,73%). With regard to the location of the impacted teeth in the mandible or the maxilla, in both female and male patients, the incidence of mandibular impactions was higher (62,25%) than in the maxilla (37,75%). Regarding the link between the position on the arch (right and left side) and the localization of the impacted teeth, in female patients we can assert that while the mandible had the largest number of impacted teeth on the right side (69,35%), the impacted teeth in the maxilla were more numerous on the left side (60,27%) (p=0,00004). In male patients, regardless of whether the impactions were in the mandible or in the maxilla, they were more frequent on the right side (70,58% in mandible and 76,56% in maxilla) than on the left one. Conclusions 1. The incidence of impacted wisdom teeth is higher in females compared to males. 2. Impacted wisdom teeth are more common on lower arch than on upper arch. 3. In female patients, the prevalence of impaction is higher on the right side in the mandible and on the left side in the maxilla 4. In male patients, the prevalence of impaction on the right side is higher in both mandible and maxilla

scholarly journals Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Jafarzadeh ◽  
Zahed Mohammadi ◽  
Sousan Shalavi ◽  
Shilpa Bandi
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Canal Morphology

ABSTRACT Successful root canal treatment depends on having comprehensive information regarding the root(s)/canal(s) anatomy. Dentists may have some complication in treatment of third molars because the difficulty in their access, their aberrant occlusal anatomy and different patterns of eruption. The aim of this review was to review and address the number of roots and root canals in third molars, prevalence of confluent canals in third molars, C-shaped canals, dilaceration and fusion in third molars, autotransplantation of third molars and endodontic treatment strategies for third molars. How to cite this article Mohammadi Z, Jafarzadeh H, Shalavi S, Bandi S, Patil SG. Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4): 310-313.

scholarly journals Comparing Periodontal Status Between Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia and Normal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Ilnaz Farhoodi ◽  
Zahra Mortazavi ◽  
Roghayeh Dargahi ◽  
Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Normal Women

Background: Periodontal disease is a common disorder in approximately 5%-10% of all pregnant women. The evidence suggests that periodontitis can increase the risk of preeclampsia. It seems that chronic systemic inflammation resulting from periodontal disease may be an important factor. However, some studies have ruled out any correlation between periodontal disease parameters and blood pressure. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the correlation between periodontal disease and preeclampsia in Iranian pregnant women. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 randomly selected preeclamptic patients as the case group and 40 randomly selected healthy pregnant women as the control group aged up to 35 years with gestational age of less than 34 weeks. Preeclampsia was diagnosed by a gynecologist as sustained pregnancy-induced hypertension (BP≥140/90 mm Hg within 6 hours) with proteinuria (with urine protein concentrations ≥1 mg/dl on a catheterized urine sample). All the participants underwent periodontal examinations, including the measurements of the pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque index (PI) in all the teeth except the third molar and second distal molar teeth. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results showed that prevalence of periodontal disease was significantly higher in the preeclamptic group. The quantitative analysis of periodontal parameters between the groups indicated that mean values of the BOP, CAL, PD, and PI were significantly higher in the preeclamptic group, compared to those reported for the control group (P<0.001). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that periodontal indices are more severe in pregnant women with preeclampsia, compared to those reported for normal pregnant subjects.

Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Kazanci ◽  
Mevlut Celikoglu ◽  
Ozkan Miloglu ◽  
Husamettin Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Congenital Deformities ◽  
Third Molar Agenesis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Right

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of third-molar agenesis in orthodontic patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey. Methods and Materials Our data were obtained from the panoramic radiographs of the 2,579 patients 12 to 16 years of age in the Department of Orthodontics at the Atatürk University in Erzurum, Turkey. Subjects with congenital deformities, such as a cleft palate, were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and a chi-squared test. Results Of the 2,579 subjects, 1,964 (76.2 percent) had all four third-molar teeth, 238 (9.2 percent) had three, 214 (8.3 percent) had two, 66 (2.6 percent) had one third molar, and 97 (3.8 percent) had agenesis of all third-molar teeth. There was no significant difference in agenesis of third-molar teeth between the right and left sides and no gender predilection was noted. However, significantly more third-molar teeth were found to be missing from the maxilla compared to the mandible, with a ratio of approximately 1.5:1. Conclusion According to our results, the absence of one third molar is the most frequently detected pattern in the East Anatolian population. Additionally, the absence of third molars is more frequent in the maxilla than the mandible. Clinical Significance To date no information about third-molar agenesis in the East Anatolian population from Turkey is documented. This is believed to be the first known study on this subject in this population. Citation Kazanci F, Celikoglu M, Miloglu O, Oktay H. Third-Molar Agenesis among Patients from the East Anatolian Region of Turkey. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):033-040. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-kazanci

scholarly journals Frequency of mandibular third molar surgical impactions in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notching

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Muhammad Mudassar Saleem ◽  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Imran Saleh ◽  
Zubair Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Medical University

Background: Few studies have been reported so far on the frequency of lower third molar impactions in patients with different morphological characteristics. Our aim in this study was to find out the frequency of impacted lower third molars in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notch depths. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted at Orthodontics Department of Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, and de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan from June 2017 to June 2019. A total of 60 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients with impacted lower third molars were included. The depth of antegonial notch was calculated on all the selected OPGs by measuring distance between the deepest area of the notch cavity and the tangent on the inferior border of the mandible. The patients with depth of antegonial notch of 1 mm or less were labeled as having shallow antegonial notch, while those with 3 mm or more were considered as having deep antegonial notch. Percentages and mean + SD were calculated for different variables. Depth of antegonial notching was compared between genders using ANOVA with P-value <0.5 considered as significant. Results: Of 60 orthodontic patients, there was an equal number of male and female patients (n=30). The average age of the patients was 25.5±4 years. Overall frequency of impactions was similar in both the genders and frequency of impacted lower third molars was found to be greater in patients with deeper antegonial notches. Conclusion: Mandibular third molar impactions were most frequent in orthodontic patients with deep antegonial notches

Effect of Preoperative Single Dose Dexamethasone Injection in Masseter Muscle on Postoperative Sequelae Following Lower Impacted Third Molar Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Moghadasi ◽  
Arash Golestaneh ◽  
Arash Ghodosi ◽  
Shayan Golestani
Keyword(s):  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Bony Tissue ◽  
Oral Aperture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Facial Swelling

Introduction: The surgical removal of impacted lower third molars involves trauma to soft and bony tissue and can result in pain, swelling and trismus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone, as a single 4 mg dose injected into the masseter muscle prior to extraction of impacted lower third molars on theses postoperative sequelae.   Materials & Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical research consisted of 43 healthy patients. The study group received 4 mg dexamethasone into the masseter muscle via intrabuccal approach immediately before starting the procedure while the control group received no corticoid. 7 days after surgery. Data were analyzed using t-test (α = 0.05).   Results: The patients administered dexamethasone showed superior results after surgery in terms of oral aperture, pain and all the facial swelling parameters, with statistically significant differences versus the controls (p value<0.001). Also there was statistically significant difference in terms of patients trismus between case and controlgroups (p value<0.001).   Conclusion: The results obtained showed that 4 mg of dexamethasone injected into the masseter muscle in the immediately before starting the procedure significantly reduces swelling, trism us and pain.  

The Oblique Lateral Jaw Radiograph

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
C. P. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Film Area

The Oblique Lateral Jaw Radiograph has been used as a routine diagnostic x-ray view for many years as an aid to orthodontic diagnosis and for the assessment of the positions of unerupted third molar teeth. Many methods for obtaining clear undistorted views of the teeth have been suggested from a freehand setting up of film, patient and x-ray tube, to the use of simple orientated devices. The present article describes a method of standardizing the relationship of film and x-ray tube to one another so that it is only necessary for the radiographer thereafter to place the patient on the film area in a manner depending on whether a view. is required of the third molars only or of the complete upper and lower buccal segments.

scholarly journals Efficiency of gaseous ozone in reducing the development of dry socket following surgical third molar extraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehona Ahmedi ◽  
Enis Ahmedi ◽  
Osman Sejfija ◽  
Zana Agani ◽  
Vjosa Hamiti
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Period ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dry Socket ◽  
Third Molar Extraction ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ozone gas (O3) on the reduction of dry socket (DS) occurrence following surgical extraction of lower jaw third molars, influence of the indication for the extraction, and the difficulty of extraction on the incidence of DS. Materials and Methods: This study included thirty patients with bilaterally impacted third molars of mandible requiring surgical procedure for extraction. Following extraction, in the control group, saline solution was used for irrigation of extraction sockets and in the experimental group, intra-alveolar O3 was applied for 12 s (Prozone, W and H, UK, Ltd.). The surgeries were performed by the same oral surgeon. The follow-up visits were performed at 48 h and on day seven, postsurgery where the symptoms of DS were evaluated and intensity of pain has been recorded using visual analog scale 0–100. Results: In this pilot study, DS was present in 16.67% and 3.33% of cases in the control and experimental groups, respectively (P = 0.20). Conclusion: The application of O3 may reduce the incidence of DS and accelerates the recovery period after the surgery. Prophylactic use of O3 may be suggested in all patients, especially in the patients at a risk of development of DS.

scholarly journals A Case of Surgical Extraction of the Lower Third Molars in a Cranial Series from the Pucará de Tilcara Fortress (Jujuy Province, Argentina)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
A. V. Zubova ◽  
O. L. Pikhur ◽  
A. V. Obodovskiy ◽  
A. A. Malyutina ◽  
L. M. Dmitrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
The Right

This study analyzes the earliest known case of surgical extraction of the lower third molars, observed in a cranial series from Pucará de Tilcara fortress (15th–16th centuries AD), northwestern Argentina, excavated in 1908–1910. Crania were transported to the Kunstkamera in 1910 under an exchange project. Traces of dental surgery were registered in the mandible of a male aged ~40. Both third molars had been extracted after the removal of soft tissues and parts of the alveoli. Teeth were extracted by scraping alveolar walls with semicircular movements. The results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray microanalysis suggest that a stone tool was used. The results of macroscopic and CT analysis suggest that the surgery was motivated by the exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease and probably by caries. The left third molar was extracted without complications 2–3 months before the individual’s death. On the right side, the pathological process continued, culminating in osteomyelitis and its complications. The surgeon’s skill notwithstanding, the extraction of the right third molar did not cure the patient, who died, apparently following the destructive stage of acute osteomyelitis complicated by orofacial phlegmon. Our findings suggest that the level of dental surgery practiced in the Inca Empire was ahead of the diagnostic expertise.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional assessment of enamel and dentine in mouse molar teeth during masseter muscle hypofunction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Balanta-Melo ◽  
Maximilian Bemmann ◽  
Viviana Toro Ibacache ◽  
Kornelius Kupczik ◽  
Sonja Buvinic
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
The Right

Background: Mouse molar is a widely used model for teeth development. However, the effect of masticatory function on enamel and dentine in adult individuals remains poorly understood. As reported, the unilateral masseter hypofunction induced by botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) resulted in mandibular bone damage and signs of unilateral chewing in adult mice. Objective: We aimed to assess the amount of enamel and dentine in the first molar (M1) during the unilateral masseter hypofunction in mice, using high-resolution X-ray microtomography (μCT) as threedimensional approach. Materials and methods: Mandibles of adult BALB/c mice, located either in a Control-group (without intervention) or a BoNTA-group, were ex-vivo scanned using μCT. Treated individuals received each one BoNTA intervention in the right masseter, and saline solution in the left masseter (intra-individual control). Enamel and dentine from M1 were segmented, and volume, thickness and mesial root length were quantified. Results: Enamel volume from treated side resulted unchanged after 2 weeks of unilateral masseter hypofunction. No differences for enamel volume were found between both sides of control individuals, and between these and samples from hypofunctional side in BoNTA-group. Enamel volume from saline-injected side was reduced when compared with experimental side (p<0,01). No differences in dentine volume, thickness of enamel and dentine, and mesial root length were found for any group. Conclusion: The amount of enamel in hypofunctional molars remains unaffected after unilateral BoNTA intervention in the masseter, but contralateral side showed reduced enamel volume. Therefore, increased functional wearing during unilateral chewing after BoNTA intervention should be considered.

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