scholarly journals Characteristics of physical development of primary school-aged children (Perm, cross-sectional study, 2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Victoria V. Gorbunova ◽  
◽  
Marina L. Otavina ◽  
Daria N. Lir ◽  
Irina N. Gavrilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anthropometric Study

An anthropometric study of 607 primary school-aged children (7 to 11 years old) showed that the height and body weight values were within the normal range in 90% of children, and the body mass index [BMI] – in >70%. For the height and body weight, this range involved the values from –2SDS to +2SDS (stand-ard deviations from the age-specific median value). For BMI, values in the range from –2SDS to +1SDS were considered normal. The distribution of the age-based weight and height parameters as related to WHO reference standards demonstrated the right shift by 0.33-0.53 SDS, i.e. towards higher values. It was shown that 75 children (12.4%) were obese. Other researchers, who conducted similar measurements in different regions of Russia, reported about the same proportion of children with obesity. Among prima-ry schoolers, the incidence of obesity was higher in boys.

Load Distribution Between Right and Left Foot by Using Podata Postural Stabilometric Footplate in Undergraduate Students of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Hashim ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad ◽  
Asif Hanif ◽  
Samia Sarmad ◽  
Faiza Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Secure Place

Abstract Objective: The objective was to assess the load distribution between right and left foot by using PODATA Postural Stabilometric footplate in undergraduate students of Pakistan.Study design: Cross sectional study.Place and Duration: This study was conducted from the different medical institutes of Pakistan.Methodology: Ethical committee's clearance was acquired from the University of Lahore before this research's ritualistic starting point. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 undergraduate students having age years. For data collection, empowerment from patients was started by taking compile agreement from the university's management. Informed consent was taken from the study participants. All questions in the questionnaire were validated through previous literature. Questionnaires were provided and abstracted to the respondents as a pamphlet. After collection, data was saved in a secure place to avoid any biases.Results: Out of 145 students, 115(75.9%) students were females, and 30(24.1%) students were males, 76 students had normal body weight, The mean weight on the right foot was 2.29 ± 0.92 kg by accessor 1, 2.29 ± 0.93 kg by accessor 2 & the mean weight on the left foot was 0.57 ± 0.33 kg by Accessor 1, 0.57 ± 0.34 kg by Accessor 2; hence, there is a significant difference in weight on right & left foot by accessor 1 & accessor 2 during open eyes as the p-value was significant. (value <0.00001**).Conclusion: It was concluded that the load distribution is not the same as the right foot and the left foot. The right foot is dominant; changing the accessor doesn't matter the foot's dominancy, and if someone has right-hand dominance, it's not necessarily that their right foot Will be dominant. Their left foot can also be dominant. Load distribution between foot also depends on the total body weight.

scholarly journals Relation of Obesity and Hypertension among Chinese Community in Melaka, Malaysia–A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Htay Lwin ◽  
Mila Nu Nu Htay ◽  
Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe ◽  
Mra Aye ◽  
Adinegara Lutfi Abas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The main cause of overweight and obesity is the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Obesity is the abnormal accumulation of ≥20% of body fat, over the individual's ideal body weight. Obesity is diagnosed by measuring the weight in relation to the height of an individual, thereby determining or calculating the body mass index (BMI). Methodology: This study is a cross-sectional study with the secondary data analysis of the health records of the patients who had attended the medical camps conducted in Melaka, Malaysia. All of the attendee’s body weight and height were measured. The blood pressure measurement was done according to the Clinical Practice Guidelines, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Hypertension is defined as if the participant has systolic blood pressure (SBP) of > 140 mmHg and/ or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mmHg or more. Some peoples were taking treatment of Hypertension. Results: The mean SBP among females was 11.64 units and mean DBP was 5.29 units lower compared to male participants. With an increase in age, SBP is expected to increase by .29 units, provided other variables remain unchanged. Regarding to BMI, every unit increase in BMI, SBP increased by 1.99 units and DBP increased by .86 units provided other variables remain unchanged. Conclusion: This study found that BMI is associated with SBP and DBP, which suggested that interventions for bodyweight management might be beneficial for the management of hypertension.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

scholarly journals Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McKune ◽  
Daniel Acosta ◽  
Nick Diaz ◽  
Kaitlin Brittain ◽  
Diana Joyce- Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home School ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
K 12 ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Given the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to describe the psychosocial health of school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 (n = 280) among K-12 students at a research school in North Central Florida. Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of indicators of anxiety-related, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)-related symptoms. Outcomes (anxiety, OCD, and depressive related symptoms) were measured by indices generated based on reported symptoms associated with each psychosocial outcome. Results Loss of household income was associated with increased risk for all three index-based outcomes: depressive symptoms [aOR = 3.130, 95% CI = (1.41–6.97)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 2.531, 95%CI = (1.154–5.551)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 2.90, 95%CI = (1.32–6.36)]. Being female was associated with being at higher risk for depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = (1.02–2.93)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = (1.04–2.97)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 1.764, 95%CI = (1.027–3.028)]. Parental practices protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at higher risk of depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = (1.04–2.31)]. Lower school level was associated with children being at higher risk of anxiety-related and OCD-related symptoms. Conclusions As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, schools should prioritize mental health interventions that target younger, female students, and children of families with income loss. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate negative psychosocial health outcomes in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5347
Author(s):  
Cristina Alvarez-Peregrina ◽  
Clara Martinez-Perez ◽  
Cesar Villa-Collar ◽  
Cristina Andreu-Vázquez ◽  
Alicia Ruiz-Pomeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Visual Screening ◽  
Near Work ◽  
The Impact

Background: Myopia is a public health problem, with estimations that 50% of the world population will be myopic by 2050. Some environmental factors, such as time spent outdoors, doing near work, and using digital devices, influence the development of myopia in children. Home confinement in Spain has increased these risk factors, so this study aims to investigate the impact of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak in the vision of school-aged children; Methods: A cross-sectional study in children between 5 and 7 years old that completed a visual screening and a questionnaire about their lifestyles at opticians in Spain in September and October of 2019 and 2020. Statistical analysis to compare lifestyles pre and post confinement, and vision in 2020 versus a similar cohort examined at the same opticians in 2019, was conducted; Results: Spanish children spent less time outdoors and more time doing near work in 2020 than in 2019 (p ≤ 0.001). There was a significant decrease of the spherical equivalent (mean ± standard deviation; 0.66 ± 2.03 D in 2019 vs. 0.48 ± 1.81 D in 2020; p ≤ 0.001); Conclusions: Lifestyles of Spanish children changed during the home confinement at the beginning of 2020. Together with changes in their lifestyles, spherical equivalents have decreased, which implies higher figures of myopia for children aged between 5 and 7.

scholarly journals Association between Short Hours of Sleep and Overweight/Obesity in Mexican Adolescent Population: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 939
Author(s):  
Ana Fresan ◽  
Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza ◽  
María Lilia López-Narváez ◽  
Tania Guadalupe Gómez-Peralta ◽  
Daniela Georgina Aguilar-Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
School Based ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Background/Aim: Obesity in adolescents is increasing; as such, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in Mexican adolescents and examine its possible association with hours of sleep. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was carried out. This study included 863 adolescents aged between 11 and 16 years. The prevalence of obesity was estimated using the body mass index (BMI). The duration of sleep (and other information) was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. The Cochran–Mantel–Hansel test for categorical variables and a general linear model for continuous variables were used to evaluate the interaction effect of BMI and sex with respect to sleeping and assessed activity conditions. Results: It was found that 47.6% of the adolescents were overweight/obese. Men were more frequently overweight/obese than women (52.6% vs. 41.8%, p = 0.002). Moreover, overweight/obese adolescents were younger and spent fewer daily hours watching television (p < 0.05). Men practiced sports more hours per week than women (p = 0.04). However, women spent more daily time on the internet (p = 0.05), and overweight/obese adolescent women slept fewer hours than overweight/obese men and adolescents with normal weight (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The development of strategies for the prevention of overweight/obesity and the improvement of sleep duration should include a gender perspective to improve health habits in Mexican adolescents.

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