scholarly journals Potato Riots in the Trans-Urals Region as a Reflection of the Traditional Consciousness of the Russian Peasantry

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
I. S. Menshchikov ◽  
◽  
T. G. Pavlutskikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Local Authorities

The article deals with the phenomenon of potato riots in the Trans-Urals region in the 1840s. Peasant unrest that engulfed the regions inhabited by state peasants cannot be understood simply as a manifestation of anti-feudal protests. Among the reasons for the revolts, rumors, discontent with local authorities, and irrational fears can also be named. The authors propose to consider these events from the point of view of the thinking of the Russian peasantry, in connection with the peculiarities of traditional culture. This approach gives a better understanding of the genesis of events, the suddenness of riots, and inexplicable cruelty in relation to fellow villagers and the clergy from a rational standpoint. Using specific examples, the authors analyze the role of rumors in the emergence of riots, the inability of the bureaucracy to understand the peculiarities of the consciousness of Siberian peasants, and the reasons for the peasants' hatred towards the rural authorities. Besides, attention is paid to the role of the rural clergy in the events. Based on a complex of historical sources, the authors try not only to reconstruct the course of events, but also to reveal the same and repeating lines of performances which occurred at different times and in different places. The riots of 1842 and 1843 took place at the same time (early spring), the rebels demanded that the authorities and the clergy show them documents on “selling them under a master”, and the refusal to demonstrate non-existent papers entailed torture and murder of clerks, country administration, and priests. Revolts were cruelly suppressed. The authors conclude that the main role in the emergence of potato riots was played by the peculiarities of the traditional type of thinking of the peasants and by the complex system of relations and contradictions in the Trans-Ural region. The unrest showed the reluctance and inability of the Russian bureaucracy to explain the essence and purpose of the innovations to the peasants.

scholarly journals Measuring Productivity and Efficiency of Seaports in India using DEA technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeronimo Guilherme Remigio MONTEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Bayesian Techniques ◽  
Functional Specification ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Performance Point ◽  
Port System

Aim: In this paper we are looking at the seaports (in India called ‘major ports’) from the context of its trade and India’s strategic importance in trade world after the initiation of economic reforms in 1991. It empirically estimates the levels of productivity and efficiency of seaports in India. This paper applies DEA technique to assess productivity and efficiency of seaports in India. Design/Research methods: DEA technique is extensively used in the literature of economics to provide measures of firms’ technical efficiency. These measures rank the firms by looking at their apparent performances over a period of time. DEA is a frontier model which is non-parametric since no functional specification or form is required to be mentioned. Conclusions/Findings: The DEA results as discussed and reported in the paper have shown how Indian ports are performing over the years. This investigation alone is not sufficient to develop a benchmark in the port system of India. Rather it will do well to have a closer look at the Indian ports from the physical and financial performance point of view. This study made use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to generate what we call an efficiency benchmarks and assessment of the Indian ports sector. With this modest attempt to investigate the port sector of India several issues are in the open one can further analyze and come to desired conclusions. Originality/value of the paper: The main role of a port is to transfer goods between two transport modes. As far as Indian ports are concerned, there are few studies with regard to productivity and efficiency of the port sector. Since, there is an attempt in recent years to overhaul the infrastructure sectors of the Indian economy and especially seaports. There is a need to look at issues in port sector as well. Productivity and efficiency concerns should be the main aspect of the benchmarking of the performance of today’s Indian ports. Limitations of the research: Second stage DEA, distance function approach, Bayesian techniques, Carlo Monte techniques, can be alternatively used.  

Semiotic analysis of symbolic logic using tagmemic theory: with implications for analytic philosophy

Semiotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vern S. Poythress
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Formal Languages ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Symbolic Logic ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
The World

Abstract This article uses tagmemic theory as a semiotic framework to analyze symbolic logic. It attends particularly to the issue of context for meaning and the role of personal observer/participants. It focuses on formal languages, which employ no ordinary words and from one point of view have “no meaning.” Attention to the context and the theorists who deploy these languages shows that formal languages have meanings at a higher level, colored by the purposes of the analysts. In fact, there is an indefinitely ascending hierarchy of theories of theories, each of which analyzes and evaluates the theories at a lower level. By analogy with Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theory, no level of the hierarchy can capture within formalism everything in a sufficiently complex system. The personal analysts always have to make judgments about how a formalized system is analogous to the world outside the system. Arguments in analytic philosophy can be useful in clarification, but neither clarification of terms nor clarification of the structure of arguments can eliminate the need for personal judgment.

scholarly journals A Study of Form and Content of Private Speech Used by Iranian EFL Learners

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Ehsan Alijanian ◽  
Saeed Ketabi ◽  
Ahmad Moinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Private Speech ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
The Mind

From the sociocultural point of view, the investigation of private speech is important in seeing how the mind works. Yet, not much is known about the form and content of private speech. A group of English language learners were required to talk about some topics of their reading courses. Their voices were recorded and the private speech used by them were identified. It was found that the main role of the loud and silent forms of the private speech in the data is to help learners manage the interaction. Private speech is embedded within the speech context and it needs to be explained in the context in which it happens.

scholarly journals Ethical and political dilemmas of local self-government in Poland in the course of systemic transformations (1990–2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Michał Kasiński
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Control Rights ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Election Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
And Control

The study presents critical reflections on the course and results of Polish local self-government reforms from March 1990, when after 40 years of the system of territorial soviets (national councils), self-government was reintroduced into communes, until January 2018, when an attempt to improve the systemic institutions of self-government in communes, poviats and voivodships was once again revisited. The author points out significant discrepancies between the basic ethical and political values of local self-government, i.e. democracy, independence and efficiency, and the changing content of self-government systemic laws as well as the practice of local authorities’ operations, and formulates proposals aimed at repairing Polish local self-government by adjusting its organisation and functioning to the principles resulting from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the European Charter of Local Self-Government. He considers as the most important the elimination of pathological phenomena of simulated local democracy which include: a drastically low turnout in elections and referenda, the disappearance of democratic responsibility of local self-government bodies, and the autonomy of the directly elected executive body of the commune from the influence of the local representation. From this point of view, he positively assesses the new regulations, strengthening the guarantee of transparency of operations carried out by local self-government bodies and control rights of councillors, as well as expanding the catalogue of initiative, consultative and control powers of citizens. He points out, however, that ensuring real democracy in of the local authorities requires a deeper reconstruction of the principles of self-government, the election process, and strengthening the role of representation in creating and enforcing the responsibility of executive bodies.

scholarly journals Neurophysiological conception of pain in craniomandibular disfunction

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
Sasa Stankovic ◽  
Mirjana Boskovic ◽  
Zorica Ajdukovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kesic ◽  
Ljiljana Aleksov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Craniomandibular Dysfunction ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Neurophysiological Data

Introduction. Ethiopathogenesis of dysfunction and pain in temporomandibular joints has been the subject of passionate discussions between supporters of purely mechanical conception and the ones who are supporters of psyhosomatic conception. The aim of the study: Relying on neurophysiological data, the authors are trying to reveal the main role of reticular mesencephalical formation in mechanisms which provoke craniomandibular dysfunctions and confront the influence of emotional factors from neocortex and painful stimuli from oral structures. Discussion. From dynamical point of view, not only the morphological aspects of teeth and arcades, but also sensitive-sensorial mechanisms connected to masticatory muscles, periodontal structures and oral structures, should be considered. The ideal bite and perfect morphology of tooth arcades are not enough for reconstitution of correct occlusion, if there are no neuromuscular system, temporomandibular joint, and especially central nervous system. Conclusion. The presence of pain is just one of the craniomandibular dysfunction symptoms, but if it is added to the other clinical signs and emotional or affect - provoking factor, it will provoke dysfunctional syndrome.

scholarly journals From the Quantum to the Macroscopic Level: The Journey of Information Through Our Complex System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Diani
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Quantum Potential ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hopfield Networks ◽  
Organizational Role ◽  
Global Computing ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Quantum Phenomena ◽  
Non Locality

As a complex system, our body acts as a whole system connected to the environmental incitements. It is ordered, coherent, and tries to maintain the least possible entropy, saving the greatest amount of energy. In order to explain the dynamics of the systemic regulative network, a theoretical and speculative model is proposed, with a comprehensive approach that allows seeing the entire regulative system as a continuous unicuum. This paper covers two themes: 1) the connections between the quantum level and the classical one, through some principles of the QFT and through the Coherence Domains. The system is modeled as a field described by the wave function, with synchronous and consistent events, driven in a global computing by the quantum potential Q. The quantum potential implies the non-locality, and it needs only ultra-weak waves to occur, so it may explain how the rapid and global activation of the organism in response to perturbation/punctiform information works. The initial hypothesis is that some consistent quantum phenomena are amplified through the systemic regulative network until they become macroscopic observable. This is possible because of Coherence Domains. 2) The reactions of the different systemic networks to perturbations/punctiform information, with the attempt to model and measure information in biology, going beyond the Shannon and Turing theories. Hopfield Networks and an informational point of view are used to address the crucial informational and organizational role of proteins and nucleic acids.

scholarly journals DISCUSSION AS AN APPROACH TO DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
S. HORBUNOVA ◽  
Yu. DZEKUN ◽  
V. ISCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Active Approach ◽  
Language Classes ◽  
Approach To Teaching

The article considers discussion as an active approach to teaching foreign languages and the development of communicative competencies, given the use of a communicative approach to learning. The phenomenon of discussion, stages of its organization, presence of discussion tasks in educational materials are analyzed. The possibility of using discussion in foreign language classes as an interactive form of learning is considered. It was found that the main task of the discussion is to involve different points of view in the active discussion of problems in a foreign language, which, in turn, stimulates the cognitive interest of students. The main role of the teacher in ensuring the effectiveness of the discussion in the classroom is determined. The results of research on the efficacy of discussion show that the correct use of this method will increase the effectiveness of foreign language classes. Wide application of the method of discussion in solving problem situations promotes the development of logical, independent and critical thinking of students, allows them to acquire important personal and social activities skills to express and defend their point of view and at the same time listen to other people's opinions.

Synchronization from the point of view of the history of science

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-720
Author(s):  
Giampiero Bozzolato
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mode Of Production

Time as defined in the context of individual lives cannot be measured or compared; it therefore needs to be particularized through processes of synchronization and desynchronization. Subjectivity is a notion that supports temporal objectivity only if the mode of production is not based on a concept of exchange but on simple appropriation. Time as identified with the life of the individual remains incommensurable. But the history of growth in the spatial dimensions of trade and the reduction in the amount of time needed to effect commercial exchanges is integral to and consequent on the development of science as a method of forecasting and planning. As trade grows, so does the role of science, to the point where it can be seen as pivotal to a society in which the practice of trade is becoming both universal and frequent. The growth of trade was the cause and the effect of both a need to consolidate and develop an increasingly complex system of forecasting, and the requirement for a science with the capacity to make the future less unpredictable.

scholarly journals The Monti di Pietà in the Middle Ages from a Privileged Point of View: the Marches

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Roberto Lambertini
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract Studies concerning the Monti di Pietà have quite a long tradition; in the past decades, however, this institution has been studied from new perspectives. After arguing in favor of the Marches (central Italy) as a privileged view angle on the phenomenon, the paper touches upon some complex relationships existing between political authorities and Observant Franciscan preachers, who campaigned in favor of the Monti on explicit invitation of local authorities. The question of the actual functioning of the Monti is also connected with the mechanisms of social inclusion and exclusion; the role of Jewish moneylenders, who were the major targets of Observant preaching in favor of the Monti, is also a key issue for the understanding of the institution.

scholarly journals Žinių kultūros ugdymas – strateginė akademinių bibliotekų valdymo kryptis

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Janina Pupelienė
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Knowledge Culture ◽  
Management Literature

Akademinës bibliotekos, aktyviai dalyvaujanèios universitetiniø þiniø kûrimo ir ypaè sklaidos procesuose, yra stipriai veikiamos palyginti uþdaros akademinës aplinkos su jai bûdinga institucine autonomija ir vertybëmis, daþnai prieðingomis efektyvaus dalijimosi þiniomis kultûrai. Akademinës bibliotekos turi ieðkoti bûdø, kaip tapti atviromis, nauja darbo kultûra pasiþyminèiomis organizacijomis, kurti veiklos strategijas, kuriø ágyvendinimo sëkmæ daþnai lemia organizacijos vidinë kultûra. Dalijimosi þiniomis kultûra straipsnyje nagrinëjama kaip organizacijos bendros kultûros dalis. Aptariami galimi organizaciniai ir techniniai dalijimosi þiniomis metodai, ypaè pabrëþiant pasitikëjimo ir tarpusavio supratimo aplinkos kûrimà. Pagrindinis straipsnio tikslas – atlikti þiniø kultûros ugdymo organizacijose moksliniø publikacijø analizæ, tuo atkreipti Lietuvos bibliotekø vadovø dëmesá á ðià aktualià valdymo problemà ir paskatinti juos ugdyti savo vadovaujamose organizacijose tokià kultûrà. Atliekant tyrimà naudotasi mokslinës literatûros analizës metodu*. Development of knowledge culture – a strategic direction for the management of academic librariesJanina Pupelienė SummaryOver the last decade there is a continuing discussion on various aspects of modern organization in the management literature. The constant development of the individual’s skills and knowledge is being recognised as an important element of organization’s capacity to realise changes. Knowledge sharing is being treated as critical to organizations that use their knowledge as an asset to achieve competitive advantage. Academic libraries, being traditionally defined as information and knowledge related organizations, are being influenced by this discussion as well. These libraries have to develop a new strategy to correspond to this new working environment. From the point of management, Lithuanian academic libraries could be described as traditional and not very conductive to the knowledge sharing culture. In the article, this assumption is illustrated by some findings revealed by students of the Faculty of Communication of Vilnius University. From the author’s point of view, it is useful for the managers of Lithuanian academic libraries to be acquainted with the theoretical and practical ideas of the development of knowledge culture in organizations. The main purpose of this article is to review some latest publications on the development of knowledge culture and knowledge sharing in organizations. Sharing knowledge culture in most reviewed publications is regarded as part of the overall organizational culture. The main role of the individuals in the process of creation of organizational knowledge is stressed by most authors cited in the article. Organizations cannot create knowledge without individuals, so they have to support creative individuals and to provide the context for knowledge generation. There is a great variety of factors influencing the creation and development of knowledge culture mentioned in the knowledge management literature. The tenfactor model proposed by Oliver Stan and Kondal Reddy Kandadi, based on their empirical analysis, is introduced. These factors are leadership, evangelization, infrastructure, physical attributes, reward systems, communities of practice, business process, recruitment, time allocation, organizational structure. The great role of the leadership in the development of knowledge culture is recognized. On the basis of theoretical analysis some conclusions are made.

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