scholarly journals Composition of the magnetic phase of soils on the territory of the protected area “Chernyaevsky Forest“ (Perm)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Alexandrovna Azina ◽  
◽  
Andrey Alekseevich Vasiliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Magnetic Phase ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Common Group

The territories of industrial cities are objects of active human influence on various natural processes. One of the most acute problems of the present time is the contamination of soils with heavy metals (HM). The main carrier phase of TM in urban soils is technogenic magnetic particles. A common group of particles of technogenic origin are magnetic spherules. The origin of magnetic spherules is associated with the work of industrial enterprises of metallurgical profile, thermal power plants and motor transport. The study of the morphology and composition of the magnetic phase of the soil allows us to identify the sources of pollution. According to the results of magnetic susceptibility, the content of heavy metals and magnetic particles in soils, the level of contamination and their ability to resist it are evaluated. Forest soils are the most sensitive to pollution. Therefore, the study of the composition and properties of magnetic spherules as potential environmental pollutants in Perm is relevant. The composition and properties of magnetic spherules of forest soils in Perm remain poorly understood.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE OXIDATION PROCESS OF NITROGEN OXIDES BY OZONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
I.A. Volchyn ◽  
O.M. Kolomiets ◽  
S.V. Mezin ◽  
A.O. Yasynetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

The need to reduce emissions of pollutants, in particular nitrogen oxides, as required by regulations in Ukraine, requires the use of modern technologies and methods for waste gas treatment at industrial enterprises. This is especially true of thermal power plants, which are powerful sources of nitrogen oxide emissions. The technological part of the wet or semi-dry method of purification is the area for the oxidation of nitrogen oxides to obtain easily soluble compounds. The paper presents the results of a study of the process of ozone oxidation of nitrogen oxides in a chemical reactor. Data for the analysis of the process were obtained by performing physical experiments on a laboratory installation and related calculations on a mathematical model. Studies of the oxidation process have shown that the required amount of ozone depends not only on the content of nitrogen monoxide, but also on the content of nitrogen dioxide. The process of conversion of nitrogen monoxide to a satisfactory level occurs at the initial value of the molar ratio of ozone to nitrogen monoxide in the range of 1.5…2. The conversion efficiency of nitrogen monoxide reaches 90% at a gas temperature less than 100 °C. To achieve high conversion efficiency at gas temperatures above 100 °C, it is necessary to increase the initial ozone content when the molar ratio exceeds 2. The analysis shows that the conversion efficiency of nitric oxide largely depends on the residence time of the gas mixture in the reaction zone. Due to lack of time under certain conditions, the efficiency decreases by approximately 46%. To increase it, it is necessary to accelerate the rate of oxidation reactions due to better mixing of gases by turbulence of the flow in the oxidizing reactor. Bibl. 6, Fig. 6, Tab. 3.

scholarly journals Microbial Observation in Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals from the Ash Dyke of Thermal Power Plants of Chhattisgarh, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Banerjee ◽  
Ragini Gothalwal ◽  
Pankaj K. Sahu ◽  
Shweta Sao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of the Snow Cover of the Severodvinsk Industrial District (Russia, the Arkhangelsk Region).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Yakovlev ◽  
A.S. Druzhinina ◽  
E.N. Zykova ◽  
S.B. Zykov ◽  
N.L. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region

Abstract In the present work, the content of heavy metals in soluble and insoluble forms of snow was investigated, as well as in waters from wells near the Severodvinsk industrial centre (Russia, the Arkhangelsk region). The content of heavy metals (Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co, V, As, and Cd) in the melt snow filtrate and solid residue was measured using the ICP-MS method. On the territory of the city, there are high concentrations of metals, high values ​​of electrical conductivity and low pH values ​​in objects most susceptible to anthropogenic pollution. It was determined that in urban conditions the share of the solid-phase component increases, which indicates an increase in dust fallout. Statistical analysis showed that most of the metals in the snow cover are linked with each other by a strong correlation (r> 0.9), and also made it possible to identify sources of pollution, namely thermal power plants and shipbuilding enterprises. The calculation of various indices for assessing the snow quality and natural waters determined the level of heavy metal pollution in the Severodvinsk industrial district as extremely high and dangerous for public health. The radiation parameters of water from wells were studied and a satisfactory radioecological characterisation of the research area was established.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of TGF-β1, TР53, CHEK2, ATM genes аnd chromosomal aberrations in workers at coal thermal electric power station

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Varvara I. Minina ◽  
Yulia A. Nelyubova ◽  
Anastaiya O. Sokolova ◽  
Yana A. Savchenko ◽  
Anastaiya V. Ryzhkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Chromosomal Damage ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Thermal Electric Power Station ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Tgf Β1

Introduction. Working conditions at coal-fired power plants cause an increased risk of the formation of chromosomal damage in workers. The contribution of the variability of the structure of the genes controlling the cell cycle and apoptosis to the occurrence of cytogenetic disorders induced by such mutagens has been little studied. Material and methods. The polymorphic variants of the genes: TP53 (rs1042522), CHEK2 (rs555607708), ATM (rs1801516), TGF-β1 (rs1800469), and the level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) in the lymphocytes of the blood were studied. Three hundred twenty-six workers of coal-fired power plants and 267 individuals who did not work in industrial enterprises were examined. All individuals were Caucasians, residents of Kemerovo (Western Siberia, Russia). Results. The level of CA in blood lymphocytes in thermal power plant workers was established to be statistically significantly higher than that of residents of the same locality who never works in industrial enterprises (3.05 ± 0.09% versus 1.67 ± 0.07%, p = 0, 000001). The prevalence of the polymorphic variants of the TP53 (rs1042522), CHEK2 (rs555607708), ATM (rs1801516), TGF-β1 (rs1800469) genes in the group of workers was the same to those in the comparison group and corresponded to the global data obtained in Caucasians. In the group of workers with the TT genotype of the TGF-β1 gene, the frequency of metaphases with chromosome damage was statistically significantly higher than in individuals with the CC genotype (4.07 ± 0.41% versus 2.85 ± 0.10%, p = 0.006). Discussion. For the first time a significant contribution of polymorphic variants of TGF-β1 genes to the formation of chromosomal damage in working coal-fired power plants was revealed. This may be associated with an increased level of expression of the multifunctional cytokine TGF-β1 in owners of the TT genotype and its ability to influence proliferation, apoptosis, telomerase activity, and other critical cellular processes. Conclusion. The results of the study I, ndicate that not only the complex of industrial genotoxicants, but also individual genetic characteristics of the organism can influence on the formation of cytogenetic disorders in workers at thermal power plants.

Study on the Countermeasures of SO2 Emission Reduction in Chengdu Economic Circle

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1388-1396
Author(s):  
Wen Yong Wang ◽  
Bo Jun Ke ◽  
Gao Ping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Based on a detailed survey on the source and volume of SO2 emission over Chengdu economic circle, the third-generation air quality model CMAQ is adopted for simulating the concentration of SO2 in the air over Chengdu Economic Circle. The results show that the hourly average concentration, daily average concentration and annual average concentration of SO2 in air exceed the limit of national standard, and the affected areas respectively account for 0.12%, 0.18% and 0.03% of the total area of the economic circle. Meanwhile, according to the result of calculation, the SO2 emissions of thermal power plants, chemical industry, building materials plants and industrial area sources make the largest contribution to the SO2 concentration in the air, with ratios of 36.15%, 18.67%, 11.81% and 8.34% respectively. thus,main measures to reduce emissions of SO2 in Chengdu economic circle are proposed as follows: focusing on the control of the emissions of SO2 from industrial enterprises, especially in the thermal power plants, chemical industry, building materials plants as well as industrial boilers; joint prevention and control measures should be implemented between the cities, so as to reduce the interaction caused dy emissions of SO2. With the application of the above measures, the total SO2 emissions can be reduced by 50% and the concentration of SO2 in the air can meet with the Class II of national ambient air quality Standard.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Suburban Ecosystems of Industrial Centres and Ways of their Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Onistratenko ◽  
Elena Anatolievna Ivantsova ◽  
Andrey Alexandrovich Denysov ◽  
Denys Anatolyevich Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTechnogenic contamination of ecosystems is one of the main dangers of our time. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this contamination and to provide cost-effective and environmentally safe food production methods, we are forced to look for ways of reliable analysis of the environmental situation, the selection systems of animal husbandry and regulations for the degree of impact of pollutants on the elements of the agroecosystem. This article presents the results of studies aimed at assessing the plight of the environment of a large industrial centre, and its anthropogenic impacts on every element of the suburban ecosystems. It presents data on maintenance and migration of anthropogenous pollutants in the trophic chains of pasturable ecosystems of the suburb of Volgograd. The authors have listed the industrial enterprises as the key sources of pollution. The features of the distribution of xenobiotics in the tissues and organs of calves and heifers of different breeds were analysed in the study. Conclusions were drawn on the accumulation of heavy metals and arsenic in cattle, and the impact of this factor on the quality of production. A comparative assessment of the resistance of different breeds of cows to the action of toxicants in the environment of the Lower Volga region was carried out. Ways to decrease the impact of pollutants on the cattle organism have also been suggested. The article pays attention to the environmental pollution of the industrial centre, the influence of these processes on all elements of an ecosystem including humans, and offers ways to minimize the damage.

Assessment of Contamination of Soil due to Heavy Metals around Coal Fired Thermal Power Plants at Singrauli Region of India

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Agrawal ◽  
Anugya Mittal ◽  
Rajiv Prakash ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
T. B. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Accumulation and Physiological Changes in the Lichens Growing in the Vicinity of Coal-Based Thermal Power of Kanti (Muzaffarpur), Bihar, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Alka Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Polluted Sites

The present study was designed with an aim to observe the effect of increasing pollution level on native lichen diversity, metal accumulation and physiological changes around a coal-based thermal power plant of Kanti, Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar, India. Three lichen species namely Phaeophyscia hispidula (Ach.) Essl, Physcia dilatata Nyl., and Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl., were found growing in their natural habitat in vicinity of fly ash. Among these, Physcia dilatata Nyl., a common foliose lichen, was growing as a most dominant species at highly polluted sites. During present study the species was analyzed for six heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cu) and further physiological changes at five different sampling sites. The test species accumulated maximum levels of Fe (10,923), Pb (389), Cr (151), Zn (142), Ni (73.5), and Cu (39.5) at highly polluted dumping sites. However, there was high spatial variability in total metal accumulation in different species indicated by coefficient of variation (CV %) and showed higher values for Fe, Pb and Cr but lower for Cu and Ni. The concentration of most of the metals at different sites was statistically significant as compared to control site. Further six physiological parameters i.e., Chl a, Chl b, total pigment, chlorophyll degradation, carotenoid and total protein content were also measured and found maximum at least polluted control sites (residential sites). Total chlorophyll and protein content are most useful and efficient parameter to assess air pollution level of a region. Total chlorophyll was significantly higher at control sites (0.62) as compared to highly polluted dumping site (0.22) and similarly protein content was also higher at control sites (42.53) as compared to polluted sites (12.87). The results of the present study indicated that P. diltata is pollution tolerant (adaptation) and able to withstand local emissions from thermal power plants.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TECHNOGENIC RISKS IN TRANSITIONAL STATES DURING OPERATION OF WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS IN HEAT ENERGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
I. Uriadnikova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Introduction. Currently, the most important issues in the national economy are the issues of continuous, reliable and safe operation of circulating water supply systems, namely power units of thermal power plants and thermal power plants of industrial enterprises. Faultless and reliable operation of water supply systems ensures the normal operation of social and industrial enterprises, as well as the safe operation of fire protection systems, which can be disrupted by stopping the supply of quality products to the consumer. In Ukraine and abroad, this issue is devoted to many scientific papers on the assessment, calculation and management of man-made risks, the calculation and management of risks in water treatment systems in heat and energy. But the impact of these risks on environmental safety is not covered, while the issue is of great economic importance. However, the influence of these risks on environmental protection is not covered, while the problem is of great economic importance. There is no general methodological approach that considers the diversity of water treatment systems and their design solutions. There is no clear ranking of objects to be protected by risk analysis, and there is no analysis of the effects acting on them.Purpose and methods. The purpose of the work is to determine the risks associated with the patterns of the probability of failure of units, the patterns of transition from state to state and the risks associated with changes in patterns when replacing the blocks of the water treatment system or its elements. To study the probability of risks as a result of failures for the entire period of operation of the water treatment system in the heating industry, a structural and functional block diagram of the water treatment system is built. To obtain numerical data on the failure probability at any time, the failure probability curve was approximated by the curves of the law of normal distribution (Gaussian curves).Results and discussion. Studies have shown that the minimum risk is proportional to the minimum probability of failure. Then it will be fair to say that to minimize the risk, it is necessary to reduce the failure probability function on the part of the failure curve that corresponds to the operating state of the unit or element, that is on the plot or in the normal operation. To calculate the minimum probability of risk, it is necessary to determine the minimum of this function. Since failure is a function of many variables, thus Rfail = f (x, y, z) → 0. It is also established that for most water treatment systems at any time of operation it is possible to determine the risks associated with the regularities of failure probabilities of units, with regularities the transition of the system from state to state and the risks associated with changes in the above patterns when replacing the blocks of the water treatment system or its elements.Conclusions. As a result of the conducted researches, it is received that at long enough work of water treatment system it is necessary to establish in it a probabilistic constant mode of transition from a condition to a condition according to the scheme "working condition of all blocks - failure of one or several blocks - repair - working condition of all blocks". The probabilities of the sequence and duration of these events are determinable, which makes it possible on the one hand to assess the risks arising from the operation and to determine a management strategy to minimize these risks. The probability of failure rate intensity and possible changes in this probability during the operation of the water treatment system depending on the time interval on the failure curve on which the operation of this system is considered. Determining this probability makes it possible to predict risks throughout the periods of operation of systems and take measures to minimize them.

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