Clinical and radiological assessment of the anatomical and topographic structure of the root canals of teeth in patients of different age groups

Stomatologiya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
N.B. Petrukhina ◽  
O.A. Zorina ◽  
O.A. Boriskina ◽  
I.S. Berkutova ◽  
V.A. Venediktova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Radiological Assessment ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Topographic Structure

scholarly journals Primary and secondary dentine thickness at the apical foramen of the mesial and distal root of the lower first permanent molar

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Milica Jovanovic-Medojevic
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Secondary Dentine

Introduction Knowledge of the complexity of the root canal system in lower first molars and particularly the apical part of the root affects significantly the realization and success of the endodontic procedure. Aim The aim of this paper was to determine the thickness of the primary and secondary dentine around the main foramen of the mesial and distal root of the lower first permanent molar in teeth of various ages. Material and Method Fifty extracted lower first molars of both male and female patients extracted for various reasons were used in the study. All teeth were allocated to three age groups: under 25 years old (15 teeth), between 26 and 50 (20 teeth) and over 51 years old (15 teeth). After access cavity preparation, canal orifices were enlarged and root canals were explored using hand K-files #10. Using a diamond disc, the root tip was then cut off in the area of the apical foramen. Dentine thickness was determined using a complex configuration comprising of several devices which were interconnected by software. These included a polarised microscope (Leica DMLSP), a digital camera (Leica DC300) and a scanner. Results The results showed that the greatest mean thickness of the primary dentine was in the mesial root of the first lower molar in the first age group (0.177 mm), followed by the third (0.145 mm) whilst the least mean thickness was observed in the second age group (0.141 mm). In the distal root, the mean thickness of the primary dentine was in the second (0.175 mm), then the first (0.138 mm) and finally the third group (0.100 mm). The mean thickness of the secondary dentine in the mesial root was observed in the second group (1.25 mm), followed by the third (1.11 mm) whilst the least mean thickness was found in the first age group (0.95 mm). The mean thickness of the secondary dentine in the distal root was observed in the second group (1.26 mm), then the third (1.18 mm) whilst the least mean thickness was found in the first age group (0.99 mm). Conclusion The obtained results suggested that the mean thickness of the primary dentine in the mesial and distal roots was comparable. For both mesial and distal roots, the greatest mean thickness of the secondary dentine was observed in the second age group.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Еxamination of the Еxtrahepatic Bile Ducts in Children (Literature Review with our own Clinical Observations)

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
A. A. Yusufov ◽  
M. I. Medvedeva ◽  
A. A. Plyukhin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hepatoduodenal Ligament ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Extrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Topographic Structure

To study the normal sonographic anatomy of extrahepatic bile ducts, a polypositional ultrasound examination of 120 children aged 0 to 17 years was conducted. The technique of hepatoduodenal ligament ultrasound examination is described. The main sonographic visual indicators for studying the anatomical and topographic structure of extrahepatic bile ducts in children are denoted. The normative parameters of the common bile and common hepatic ducts in children of different age groups are presented.

scholarly journals Incidence of Four Canals in Permanent Mandibular First Molar in Patients Attending Dhulikhel Hospital.

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Nisha Acharya ◽  
Durga Paudel ◽  
Anil Chakradhar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Mandibular First Molar

Background & Objectives:The success of root canal therapy greatly depends upon the proper cleaning, shaping and three dimensional sealing. Besides these, the locations of all the canals, is mandatory to achieve the rationale of endodontic therapy. Hence, variation in root canal anatomy has clinical significance. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of four root canals in permanent mandibular first molars in patients attending Dhulikhel Hospital.Materials & Methods:The clinical and radiographic examination of one hundred and nine permanent mandibular first molars, undergoing root canal treatment was conducted. Mandibular first molar teeth of both male and female patients of all age groups were included.Results:Out of 109 samples (46.8% male and 53.2% female), three and four canals were found in 44.1% and 55.9% respectively in root treated permanent mandibular first molars.Conclusion:This study concluded that 55.9% of permanent mandibular first molars have four root canals, indicating higher incidence than that of three canals, in patients attending Dhulikhel hospital.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF ROOT FILLED TEETH IN AN ADULT POPULATION (LVIV, UKRAINE) FOUND ON DIGITAL PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dydyk ◽  
Olha Hrynyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of endodontic treatment in an adult Ukrainian population in relation to the age and its distribution depending on the type of the teeth. Materials and methods: A total of 435 digital panoramic radiographs of adults (aged 18 to 72 years) were examined. A tooth was qualified as root filled (endodontically treated), if radiopaque root-filling material was determined in the pulp chamber and/or in the root canals. Pearson’s chi-squared test (χ2) and Spearman’s rank correlation were applied for data analysis. Results: It was revealed that 82.5% of patients had previously received endodontic treatment of the teeth. The overall percentage of root filled teeth in adult dentition is 12.08%. The analysis of the rate of endodontically treated teeth in different age groups identified an increasing of treated teeth with age – from 5.2% in the youngest cohort (18-19 years old) to 24.9% in the oldest cohorts. It was revealed that 822 teeth (14.2%) on maxilla and 569 (9.9%) on the mandible were endodontically treated. Most often root filled teeth were first mandibular molars (39.3%), first maxillary molars (26.7%) and second maxillary premolars (20.4%). Much lower rate of endodontic treatment were considered in lower mandibular incisors and canines (0.7%, 0.9% and 1.5% respectively). Conclusions: A total of 82.5% examined adults had one or more endodontically treated teeth in this study. The obtained results prove the necessity of prevention of caries with special emphasis on the first maxillary and mandibular molars, and maxillary second premolars, which have significantly higher frequency of root canal treatment in comparison to other teeth groups.

scholarly journals Estimation of Oral Disease Burden from Claims and Self-Reported Data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Okunseri
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Ibm Watson ◽  
Reported Data

Objective: To examine the use of Medicaid, commercial claims, and self-reported survey data to estimate the prevalence of oral disease burden. Methods: We analyzed 2018 Medicaid claims from IBM Watson Medicaid Marketscan database, commercial claims from the IBM Dental Database, and Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. The estimate of oral disease burden was based on standard metrics using periodontal and caries-related treatment procedure codes. Examples are restorations: D2000 to D2999, root Canals: D3230 to D3334, periodontics: D4000 to D4999, prosthodontics: D5000 to D6999 and extractions: D7000 to D7251. A direct comparison between the data sets was also done. Enrollees from the different databases were broken down by gender, race/ethnicity, and into age groups. Results: Medicaid and commercial enrollees were 11.6 million and 10.5 million. The weighted proportion from MEPS for Medicaid and commercial plans ranged from 80-208 million people. Prevalence of caries-related treatments was estimated for IBM Watson and MEPS for total enrollees for Medicaid (13% vs. 12%); and commercial claims (25% vs. 17%), respectively. Prevalence of periodontal related treatments was estimated for IBM Watson and MEPS total enrollees for Medicaid (0.7% vs. 0.5%) and commercial claims (7% vs. 1.6%), respectively. Prevalence of dental diseases was higher in patients with at least one visit for Medicaid, commercial plans, and MEPS. Prevalence based on specific procedures were higher in commercial plans than in Medicaid. Conclusions: Claims data has the potential to serve as a proxy measure for the estimate of dental disease burden in a population. In addition, in rare events, claims data provides a better estimate of disease burden because it is based on a larger dataset.

An Ultrastructural Study of the Proliferation Patterns of the Reserve Cells of the Human Cervix Uteri

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Takanori Sohda ◽  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Goro Asano ◽  
Katsunari Fukushi ◽  
Katsuya Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Human Cervix ◽  
Morphological Patterns

Recently, the functional aspect as well as morphological aspect of the reserve cells in the cervix uteri drew much attention in view of the carcinogenesis in squamocolumunar junction. In this communication, the authors elucidate the ultrastructural features of the reserve cells in patients of various age groups visiting our university hospital and affiliated hospital.From conventional light microscopic point of view, the reserve cells tend to be pronounced in various pathological conditions, such as the persisting inflammation, proliferative disorders and irritation of hormones. The morphological patterns of the reserve cells from various stage and degree of irritation were observed.

Effects of aging on axon terminals in the dentate molecular layer

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 928-929
Author(s):  
K. Cullen-Dockstader ◽  
E. Fifkova
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Spatial Memory Deficit ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Normal aging results in a pronounced spatial memory deficit associated with a rapid decay of long-term potentiation at the synapses between the perforant path and spines in the medial and distal thirds of the dentate molecular layer (DML), suggesting the alteration of synaptic transmission in the dentate fascia. While the number of dentate granule cells remains unchanged, and there are no obvious pathological changes in these cells associated with increasing age, the density of their axospinous contacts has been shown to decrease. There are indications that the presynaptic element is affected by senescence before the postsynaptic element, yet little attention has been given to the fine structure of the remaining axon terminals. Therefore, we studied the axon terminals of the perforant path in the DML across three age groups.5 Male rats (Fischer 344) of each age group (3, 24 and 30 months), were perfused through the aorta.

RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Lorenz von Seidlein ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
Podjanee Jittmala ◽  
Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.

Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan K. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incongruent Condition ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Movement Duration ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Speech Motor

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.

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