scholarly journals Feasibility of tailings retreatment to unlock value and create environmental sustainability of the Louis Moore tailings dump near Giyani, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Singo ◽  
J.D. Kramers
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Witwatersrand Basin ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Technology Processes ◽  
Inverse Distance

SYNOPSIS The reprocessing of tailings resources to extract gold on an industrial scale has become common practice. While these projects are common in the Witwatersrand basin, similar low-technology processes are not operational in smaller goldfields. This study explores the possibility of reclaiming the tailings dump of the Louis Moore Mine in the Giyani Greenstone Belt, investigates potential hazards to communities in the vicinity, and identifies mitigation strategies. Auger samples were taken from the Louis Moore tailings at depths of up to 5 m. Aqua regia leach analyses show Au concentrations of up to 1 g/t. Inferred estimations based on ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse distance weighted (IDW) methods put the residual Au resource in the Louis Moore tailings dump at 0.20 t. Reworking the tailings is viable, although a potential environmental risk exists in the form of elevated arsenic concentrations. Further exploration is required to determine the mineralogical associations of Au and As. Tailings reworking would assist in raising funds for mine rehabilitation. The secondary tailings could potentially be repurposed, which would provide employment and facilitate community development, as well as deliver environmental benefits. Keywords: Louis Moore, tailings, gold, safety and health.

scholarly journals The influence of distance weight on the inverse distance weighted method for ore-grade estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan-Ning Liu ◽  
Xiao-Yan Yu ◽  
Li-Feng Jia ◽  
Yuan-Sheng Wang ◽  
Yu-Chen Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Block Model ◽  
Minkowski Distance ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Grade Estimation ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Weight Calculation ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Ore Grade

AbstractIn order to study the influence of distance weight on ore-grade estimation, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) is used to estimate the Ni grade and MgO grade of serpentinite ore based on a three-dimensional ore body model and related block models. Manhattan distance, Euclidean distance, Chebyshev distance, and multiple forms of the Minkowski distance are used to calculate distance weight of IDW. Results show that using the Minkowski distance for the distance weight calculation is feasible. The law of the estimated results along with the distance weight is given. The study expands the distance weight calculation method in the IDW method, and a new method for improving estimation accuracy is given. Researchers can choose different weight calculation methods according to their needs. In this study, the estimated effect is best when the power of the Minkowski distance is 3 for a 10 m × 10 m × 10 m block model. For a 20 m × 20 m × 20 m block model, the estimated effect is best when the power of the Minkowski distance is 9.

scholarly journals A Few GIS Clarifications on Tornado Density Mapping

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxin Deng ◽  
Brendan Wallace ◽  
Derek Maassen ◽  
Johnathan Werner
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Distance Decay ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Density Mapping ◽  
Probability Mapping ◽  
Density Maps ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Eastern Half

AbstractA geographical information system (GIS) perspective is taken to examine conceptual and methodological complications present in tornado density and probability mapping. Tornado density is defined as the inverse-distance-weighted count of tornado touchdown points or tornado-affected cells within a neighborhood area. The paper first adds a few geographic elements into the tornado definition and then characterizes tornado density as a density field in GIS that depends on predefined, modifiable areas to exist. Tornado density is therefore conceptually distinguished from both individual tornadoes and tornado probability. Three factors are identified to be vital in tornado density mapping: the neighborhood size, the distance decay function, and the choice of tornado properties. Correspondingly, 12 neighborhood sizes ranging from 20 to 360 km are tested, four distance decay functions are compared, and two tornado properties—tornado touchdown locations and pathlengths—are separately incorporated in mapping. GIS interpretations, clarifications, and demonstrations are provided for these factors to reach a thorough understanding of how the factors function and affect the resultant tornado density maps. Historical tornado data of the eastern half of the United States from 1973 to 2013 are used in these demonstrations. Uncertainty and propagation analyses are recommended for future tornado density and probability mapping, and a Monte Carlo simulation using tornado pathlength data is conducted as an example of uncertainty modeling. In all, tornado density mapping is diagnosed as a largely subjective activity, and the mapper needs to make multiple choices according to the mapping purpose, scale, and the involved tornado record data.

Analysis of Shoulder Sprains and Strains in Mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1371-1375
Author(s):  
Madison Larsen ◽  
Ashley Whitson ◽  
Jonisha Pollard ◽  
Mahiyar Nasarwanji
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Sprains And Strains ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The U.S

Material handling injuries reported to the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) result in nearly 70,000 days of work lost each year. Several mitigation efforts for these injuries focus on the back, but shoulder injuries account for four times the days lost. Nonfatal incidents reported to MSHA from 2013 through 2017 were limited to shoulder sprains and strains and were analyzed to determine what contributed the most to these injuries. Injuries were coded based on the task performed, motions involved, and the tools used. The analysis indicated that auto maintenance and tasks involving loading/unloading supplies led to the highest number of injuries. Many of these injuries were related to operating equipment or the use of specific tools. The injuries often involved lifting/lowering or pulling/pushing movements. These findings suggest future mitigation strategies for the risk of shoulder sprains and strains should focus on auto maintenance and tasks involving loading/unloading supplies.

scholarly journals IN BATHYMETRIC SURFACES: IDW OR KRIGING?

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Italo Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Dalto Domingos Rodrigues ◽  
Gérson Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Lidiane Maria Ferraz Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Universal Kriging ◽  
Digital Model ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Sample Points ◽  
Computational Representation ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Mineral Prospecting

Abstract: The representation of the submerged relief is very importance in diverse areas of knowledge such as Projects to build or reassess port dimensions, installation of moles, ducts, marinas, bridges, tunnels, mineral prospecting, waterways, dredging, silting control of river and lakes, and others. The depths of the aquatic bodies, indispensable for the representation of those, are obtained through the bathymetric surveys. However, the result of a bathymetric sampling is a grid of points that, for itself, it is not capable of generating directly the Digital Model of Depth (DMD), being necessary the use of interpolators. Currently, there are more than 40 available scientific methods of interpolation, each one with its particularities and characteristics. This study has the objective to analise, comparing, the efficiency of Universal Kriging (UK) and of the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) in the computational representation of bathymetric surfaces, varying in a decreasing way the quantity of sample points. Through the results, we can be stated the superiority of the interpolator Universal Kriging in efficiency in creating DMD with basis in the bathymetric surveys data.

scholarly journals PEMODELAN GENERALIZED SPACE TIME AUTOREGRESSIVE (GSTAR) SEASONAL PADA DATA CURAH HUJAN EMPAT KABUPATEN DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-427
Author(s):  
Eko Siswanto ◽  
Hasbi Yasin ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Modeling And Forecasting ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inverse Distance

In many applications, several time series data are recorded simultaneously at a number of locations. Time series data from nearby locations often to be related by spatial and time. This data is called spatial time series data. Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model is one of space time models used to modeling and forecasting spatial time series data. This study applied GTSAR model to modeling volume of rainfall four locations in Jepara Regency, Kudus Regency, Pati Regency, and Grobogan Regency. Based on the smallest RMSE mean of forecasting result, the best model chosen by this study is GSTAR (11)-I(1)12 with the inverse distance weighted. Based on GSTAR(11)-I(1)12 with the inverse distance weighted, the relationship between the location shown on rainfall Pati Regency influenced by the rainfall in other regencies. Keywords: GSTAR, RMSE, Rainfall

scholarly journals ACIDENTES COM TRATORES NAS REGIÕES BRASILEIRAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Isabela Oliveira Lima ◽  
Leonardo De Almeida Monteiro ◽  
Elivania Maria Sousa Nascimento ◽  
Rafaela Paula Melo ◽  
Mara Alice Maciel dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
The South ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
The North ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Agricultural Machines

ACIDENTES COM TRATORES NAS REGIÕES BRASILEIRAS   ISABELA OLIVEIRA LIMA1; LEONARDO DE ALMEIDA MONTEIRO2; ELIVANIA MARIA SOUSA NASCIMENTO3; RAFAELA PAULA MELO4 E MARA ALICE MACIEL DOS SANTOS5   [1] Doutoranda em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, s/n – Pici, cep:60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Professor Doutor, Universidade Federal do Ceará-UFC, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, s/n - Pici, cep:60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3Doutoranda em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, s/n - Pici, cep:60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4Doutora em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, s/n - Pici, cep:60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 5Mestre e Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Bloco 804, s/n - Pici, cep:60455-760, Fortaleza - CE, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]   RESUMO: Acidentes de trabalho no meio rural estão se tornando cada dia mais frequentes, e se faz necessário a identificação destes para que se possa implementar medidas preventivas. Em consonância a essa busca o presente trabalho objetivou-se a mapear acidentes com máquinas agrícolas sucedidos no Brasil no período de janeiro de 2013 a maio de 2016, usando técnicas de geoprocessamento para a confecção dos mapas. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de um compilado de informações de acidentes ocorridos no período. Foram desenvolvidos mapas pelo IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted), permitindo a identificação das áreas de maior e menor concentração de acidentes. Os dados analisados foram submetidos a uma verificação da dependência espacial das variáveis, pela análise geoestatística, segundo Yamamoto e Landim (2015). Os resultados demonstram uma maior concentração de acidentes na região Sul do país. As regiões Sul e Norte apresentaram médias de acidentes iguais a do território nacional. A menor média de acidentes foi na região Nordeste (1,2 acidentes/Estado). As regiões Sul, Sudeste, Centro oeste e Nordeste apresentaram como modelo efeito pepita puro (EPP), enquanto que a região Norte apresentou modelo exponencial. O uso de ferramentas de SIG mostrou-se eficiente para o mapeamento dos acidentes com tratores nas regiões brasileiras.   Palavras-chaves: Segurança, Prevenção, Georreferenciamento, Mecanização agrícola.   ACCIDENTS WITH TRACTORS IN THE BRAZILIAN REGIONS   ABSTRACT: Accidents at work in rural areas are becoming more frequent, and their identification is necessary so that preventive measures can be implemented. In line with this search, the present work aimed to map accidents with agricultural machines succeeded in Brazil from January 2013 to May 2016, using geoprocessing techniques to make maps. Data were obtained from a compilation of information on accidents occurring in the period. Maps were developed by IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted), allowing the identification of areas with the highest and lowest concentration of accidents. Os dados analisados foram submetidos a uma verificação da dependência espacial das variáveis, pela análise geoestatística, segundo Yamamoto e Landim (2015). The results show a higher concentration of accidents in the southern region of the country. The South and North regions had accident averages equal to the national territory. The lowest average of accidents was in the Northeast region (1.2 accidents / State). The South, Southeast, Midwest and Northeast regions presented as pure nugget effect (EPP) model, while the North region presented exponential model. The use of GIS tools proved to be efficient for the mapping of tractor accidents in the Brazilian regions.   Keywords: safety, prevention, georeferencing, agricultural mechanization.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Analysis of PM10 in Southern Peninsular Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.9) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mohamad Saiful Mohamad Khir ◽  
Khalida Muda ◽  
Norelyza Hussein ◽  
Mohd Faisal Abdul Khanan ◽  
Mohd Nor Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Haze Episode ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Inverse Distance

In this study, the particulate matter with diameter less than 10 micrometers (PM10) is being observed. Other factors that influenced the pollutant dispersion are also being studied prior to identification of their relationship. The aim of this study is to identify the trend of PM10 concentrations in the Southern Peninsular of Malaysia during the period 2005 to 2015 by using spatio-temporal analysis in regards to air pollution. The inverse distance weighted (IDW) is used for the spatio interpolation data and mapping. The trends of the PM10 concentration are illustrated via map which indicates the affected and vulnerable area of Southern Peninsular Malaysia especially during Haze episode.  

scholarly journals Investigação da Variação Volumétrica de Reservatório de Abastecimento de Água Mediante o Emprego de Diferentes Espaçamentos entre as Linhas Regulares de Sondagem

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-383
Author(s):  
Sérgio da Conceição Alves ◽  
Cláudia Pereira Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Inverse Distance

O Levantamento Batimétrico (LB) tem como objetivo a determinação e a representação gráfica do relevo topográfico de áreas submersas. O detalhamento dessas superfícies é uma inferência da disposição dos dados batimétricos e da precisão de aquisição destes dentro dos limites especificados para cada equipamento sonar de feixe único. Por conseguinte, a precisão dos Modelo Digitais de Elevação (MDEs) está relacionada a esses preceitos e, consequentemente, infere na precisão volumétrica de reservação. Durante o LB, realizado no pré-reservatório do Passaúna, localizado na região metropolitana de Curitiba-PR, planejou-se o espaçamento entre as Linhas Regulares de Sondagem (LRS) de 15 metros, este, no entanto, foi aumentando de 15 em 15 m até, conforme as orientações vigentes para esses ambientes, alcançar o espaçamento de 300 metros. E para cada conjunto de dados, determinou-se o MDE utilizando os interpoladores Kriging (KRG) e Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Em seguida, determinou-se os resíduos a partir da comparação entre as profundidades sondadas, obtidas nas linhas de verificação, com as profundidades interpoladas, advindas dos MDEs, onde obteve-se um Root Mean Square médio de 0,180 m nos MDEs com as LRS espaçadas de 15 até 105 metros gerados com os dados posicionadas com o WS3910 e interpoladas com o IDW. A partir da comparação entre os volumes advindos dos MDEs com o modelo computado com os dados batimétricos com as LRS espaçadas em 15m, obteve-se uma diferença volumétrica abaixo de -4,76% nos MDEs com LRS espaçadas de 30 metros até 180 metros.

scholarly journals Geographic Information Systems Application to Drought Distribution Identification with Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) Method in Trenggalek Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-278
Author(s):  
Aditya Utama ◽  
Mohammad Pramono Hadi ◽  
Emilya Nurjani
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
A Value ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Rain Data

The widespread drought area in Trenggalek Regency in 2019 needs to be analyzed to reduce negative impacts and as a monitoring tool to anticipate future drought events. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a drought analysis method by calculating the rainwater deficit at various time scales used to identify the distribution of drought in Trenggalek Regency. This study using rain data on 13 rain stations for the period 1990-2019 and agricultural production data for 2019. The calculation results show that the highest SPI value occurred in March at the highly wet level with a value of 2.11. The lowest SPI value occurred in May at the extremely dry level with a value of -2.31. The results are then mapped using ArcGIS with the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method to identify the spatial distribution of drought.

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