scholarly journals Effects of harvest stage and diurnal variability on yield and essential oil content in Mentha × piperita L.  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryem Yeşil ◽  
Mehmet Muharrem ÖZCAN
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Herb Yield

This study aimed at investigating the effect of ontogenetic and diurnal variability on yield and quality criteria of Mentha piperita. The research was conducted in the Ordu province of Turkey for two years. The trial was established in a randomised complete block design with 3 replications according to factorial regulations. Four different harvesting periods (budding, first flowering, 50% flowering, 100% flowering) and three harvesting hours (9:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 5:00 p.m.) were evaluated. A significant difference was determined between the trial years in all characters examined: plant height 55.9–69.0 cm, fresh herb yield 3 236–16 438 kg/ha, drug-herb yield 1 748–2 862 kg/ha, fresh leaf yield 3 477–4 506 kg/ha, drug leaf yield 968–1 253 kg/ha, essential oil ratio 2.0–2.5% and essential oil yield that varied between 19–28 L/ha. The highest yields were obtained at the beginning of flowering in drug leaf yield and 100% flowering period for all other characteristics. Diurnal variability was statistically significant only in the rate of essential oil, and the highest rate occurred in the 9:00 a.m. harvest.  

scholarly journals Identification of ontogenetic and diurnal variability in oregano (Origanum onites L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1185-1193
Author(s):  
Emel KARACA ÖNER ◽  
Merve SONKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Origanum Onites

Ontogenetic and diurnal variabilities in İzmir thyme (Origanum onites L.), an important essential oil and spice plant of Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family, were determined in this study. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks - factorial experimental design with 3 replications. Two harvests were performed. Plants were harvested at different hours of a day (09:00, 13:00, 17:00) and in different growth periods (beginning of budding, beginning of flowering, 50% flowering and 100% flowering). Plant height, fresh herbage yield, drug herbage yield, fresh leaf yield, drug leaf yield, essential oil ratio and essential oil yield parameters were investigated. High essential oil ratios were obtained from the plants harvested at morning hours. Essential oil ratios varied between 2.11 - 4.41%. The greatest essential oil ratio was obtained from the plants harvested in morning hours of the beginning of budding period of the second harvests. Fresh herbage yields varied between 222.45 - 714.63 kg/da with the greatest value from the plants harvested in the beginning of flowering period of the second harvests. Drug herbage yields varied between 64.30 - 256.74 kg/da with the greatest value from the plants harvested in the beginning of flowering period of the second harvests.

scholarly journals Ordu Ekolojik Şartlarında Farklı Nane (Mentha sp.) Türlerinin Tarımsal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1734
Author(s):  
Meryem Yeşil ◽  
Emel Karaca Öner ◽  
Mehmet Muharrem Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Fresh Leaf ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Herb Yield

This study was carried out at Ordu University, Field of Agricultural Research and Application in 2016-2017, in order to determine the agricultural characteristics of some mint species (Mentha piperita, Menta spicata and Mentha longifolia) according to “Completely Randomized Design” with three replications. Plant height, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield, fresh leaf yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil yield and essential oil ratio were investigated. In both years of the experiment, M. spicata and M. longifolia were harvested 2 and 4 times, respectively, M. piperita 1 times in 2016 2 times in 2017 was harvested. As a result of research the difference in term of plant height between species was determined only in the first harvest in the first year. In the first year of the experiment, the total fresh herb yield, total dry herb yield, total fresh leaf yield, total dry leaf yield of Mentha piperita were 2.442.73 kg/da, 585.70 kg/da, 1.120.67 kg/da, 266.87 kg/da, respectively, while total essential oil yield was 6.40 lt /da. Also in the second year of the experiment, high values were obtained from Mentha spicata in terms of total fresh herbage yield (920.37 kg/da), total dry herb yield (247.93 kg/da), total fresh leaf yield (502.5 kg/da) and total dry leaf yield (149.93 kg/da). M. longifolia plant was ranked first in terms of total essential oil yield (3.48 lt / da and 3.19 lt / da) in terms of the total essential oil ratio due to 3.47 lt / da in the research year of 2017.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Decontamination Effects of Ozone Gas on Microbial Load and Essential Oil of Several Medicinal Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh VALI ASILL ◽  
Majid AZIZI ◽  
Maasome BAHREINI ◽  
Hossein AROUIEE
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Mold And Yeast ◽  
And Control

Today, Ozone as a disinfectant method, without putting on the harmful effects on human and plant products, it is alternative common methods for disinfection of plant material. The research as a factorial experiment was conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications and the effects of Ozone gas on decreasing the microbial load of some important medicinal plants include: Peppermint (Mentha piperita), Summer savory (Satureja hortensis), Indian valerian(Valeriana wallichii), Meliss (Melissa officinalis) and Iranian thyme (Zataria multiflora) were investigated. Medicinal plants leaves were treated with Ozone gas concentration 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 ml/L at times of 10 and 30 then total count, coliform and mold and yeast of the samples were studied. The result showed that Ozone gas decreases microbial load of medicinal plants samples. But Ozone gas and Ozone gas in medicinal plants interaction effect had no effect on essential oil content. The lowest and the highest of microbial load were detected in samples treated with concentration of 0.9 ml/L of Ozone gas and control respectively. The highest and the lowest of microbial load were observed in Iranian thyme and Indian valerian respectively. Also result showed that Ozone gas treatment for 30 min had the greatest of effect in reducing the microbial load and 0.9 ml/L Ozone gas concentration had the lowest of microbial load. Results of this survey reflect that the use of Ozone as a method of disinfection for medicinal plants is a decontamination.

scholarly journals Influence of preemergently applied herbicides on the yield and quality of caraway achenes (Carum carvi L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266
Author(s):  
Antonín Vaculík
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Caraway has very low competitive ability against most of weed species. Therefore, it is important to choose a suitable herbicide control, especially at biennial caraway. The experiments with the herbicides applied in caraway were found in pure growth, with variety Kepron (with standard length of ve­ge­ta­ti­ve period). The aim of the trials was to find out the differences at achenes yiled and essential oil content after the treatment by the various herbicides, applied preemergently. Also, the selective ac­ti­vi­ty of individual herbicides was tested, including the different doses. The herbicides used in the ex­pe­ri­ments had enough level of selektivity on the plants of caraway. They had a positive effect on the yiled comparing to non-treated control variant in all observed years. There was no statistically significant difference in essential oil kontent between the treated variants and non-treated control. On the basis of these results, the most suitable herbicide was chosen for the „minor“ registration for caraway.

scholarly journals Effects of fertilizer and plant density on yield and quality of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Mahdi Faravani ◽  
Behjat Salari ◽  
Mostafa Heidari ◽  
Mohammad Kashki ◽  
Barat Gholami
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Lateral Branches

In order to understand the effect of organic fertilizer on yield of anise, an experiment was conducted in the form of split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in Mashhad, Khorasan Agriculture and Natural Resource Research Center. Four treatments of fertilization: the control, vermicompost - 5 t/ha, cow manure - 25 t/ha, and mineral fertilizer (NPK) - 60 kg/ha (the same rate of each nutrient) were applied as the main factor. The second factor was plant density, applied at three levels: 17, 25, and 50 plants/m2. The results showed a significant effect of fertilizer on the number of umbels per plant, number of umbellets per umbel and canopy cover. Plant density had a significant effect on grain yield, biological yield, the number of lateral branches, essential oil percentage and yield of essential oil. Seed and essential oil yield were the highest in the case of the application of vermicompost and plant densities of 50 and 25 plants/m2 respectively.

Quality and yield in St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) harvested in different phenological stages

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hevia ◽  
M. Berti ◽  
R. Wilckens
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Two experiments were conducted in the province of Ñuble, Chile during the 1997/98 and 1998/99 seasons with the objective of evaluating the effect of harvesting date on the yield and quality of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in the second year of production. The apical 25 cm of the stem were harvested in the following stages: flower bud, beginning of flowering, full flower and petal drop. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. The best yield (fresh, dry and threshing weight) and the highest hypericin content were obtained at the petal drop stage. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the best time to harvest St. John's wort is when 10 to 20% of the flowers are open and the rest are in the bud stage.

Effect of harvest date on the yield and quality of the essential oil of peppermint

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Court ◽  
Robert Pocs ◽  
Robert C. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A field experiment was conducted from 1989 to 1991 on a Fox loamy sand soil to study the effects of harvest date on selected agronomic, physical and chemical characteristics of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Plant biomass and essential oil yields increased throughout the season to a maximum in very late August to early September. Menthol, neomenthol, and menthyl acetate concentrations increased in the essential oil with plant development. The amount of menthone and isomenthone was highest in immature plants. The concentrations of menthofuran and pulegone in the essential oil corresponded to the amount of flower bloom in the peppermint. Changes during the season in the concentrations of piperitone, terpinene-4-ol, α-terpineol, 1,8-cineole, limonene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, α-terpinene, α-pinene, β-pinene, 3-octanol, β-myrcene, Linalool, sabinene, caryophyllene and Germacrene-D were typically quite small. In general, these preliminary results indicate that peppermint can be grown successfully on the coarse-textured soils of Ontario. Key words: Mentha piperita L., peppermint, essential oil, essential oil composition, harvesting date

scholarly journals Performance of Six Genotypes of Tritordeum Compare to Bread Wheat under East Mediterranean Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9700
Author(s):  
Ioanna Kakabouki ◽  
Dimitrios F. Beslemes ◽  
Evangelia L. Tigka ◽  
Antigolena Folina ◽  
Stella Karydogianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Set Up

Four advanced tritordeum lines were studied and compared to two commercial varieties of tritordeum and wheat cultivars in yield and quality features, in Greece. For this purpose, a two-year experiment was established in the Greek territory. The field experiment was set up in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with blocks, with different lines and varieties. Head emergence was calculated based on Growing Degree Days (GDDs), which was significantly affected by the year. The significance of differences between treatments was estimated by using Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test with significance level p = 0.05. The weight of 1000 seeds of the two commercial varieties differed from the equivalent weight of 1000 seeds of tritordeum lines, approximately 1 g. Yield was significantly affected by lines/varieties and year. Compared to tritordeum yield, wheat yield marked the highest values. This difference was almost 2 kg ha−1. Gluten content was significantly affected by lines/varieties. The highest gluten content was firstly noticed at wheat GENESIS (34.2%) variety and secondly at tritordeum Aucan (33.2%) variety. Protein was higher in tritordeum lines HT-1704 (15.5%), HT-1707 (15.1%) and Aucan variety (15.2%) during the first experimental year. Tritordeum seems to have significant adaptability to dry conditions in Greece and significant yields compared to the existing commercial varieties and bread wheat.

scholarly journals QUANTITY AND QUALITY YIELD OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM Mentha × piperita L. UNDER FOLIAR-APPLIED CHITOSAN AND INOCULA-TION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Goudarzian ◽  
Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti ◽  
Mohammadreza Hossaynzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) is cultivated for its benefits in pharmaceutical, medicinal, and cosmetic industries. The well-known essential oil of Mentha × piperita L. is widely produced and used all over the world. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impacts of different concentrations of chitosan on the quality and quantity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of peppermint under inoculation of the rhizomes of peppermint seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Experimental treatments were arranged as factorial design in a completed random block design. The highest essential oil yield (2.4 mL 100 g–1 dry matter) was obtained from the peppermint plants under foliar sprayed at 5 g L–1 chitosan along the inoculum with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. For evaluation of phytochemical characteristics, the contents of the main constituents of the peppermint essential oils such as menthol, menthone, etc. (oxygenated monoterpenes and monoterpenes hydrocarbons) under different treatments were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Results indicated that using chitosan foliar meaningfully raised the amount of menthol, as the major constituent and quality index (>60% v/w), in the essential oil from the peppermint plants inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal, however, the plants under the foliar spray of chitosan (without inoculum) revealed the highest amounts of menthone and limonene. In conclusion, we found that the foliar-applied chitosan along inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be improved quantity and quality active substances of Mentha × piperita L. such as the contents of essential oil, menthol, and balance menthol/menthone.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Two Types of Green Manure on the Changes in Percentage and Yield of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Essential Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Reza Dehghani BIDGOLI ◽  
Mohammad Javad MAHDAVI
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Secale Montanum

An experiment was conducted during 2015-2016 as a split factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Experimental factors were nitrogen fertilizer at four levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha as the main factor and two types of green manure. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and secale (Secale montanum) in two states (use and non-use) were considered as sub-factors. Medicago sativa and Secale montanum were cultivated as green manure in September 2015 and returned into the soil by ploughing at the fall of 2015. Thereafter, Mentha piperita was planted and the crop was taken care of in order to collect the samples. The highest increase of peppermint essential oil percentage and essential oil yield in different treatments resulted from the application of 150 kg/ha of pure nitrogen with 0.35% and 45.60 kg/ha, as well as the use of M. sativa with 0.43% and 55.80 kg/ha, the use of S. montanum with 0.44% and 49.50 kg/ha, respectively. The highest essential oil percentage and essential oil yield were recorded under the influence of the double interaction use of 150 kg/ha of pure nitrogen and use of green manure of M. sativa with average 0.62% and 80.30 kg/ha, respectively. The triple interaction of experimental factors on traits tested showed that nitrogen treatment of 150 kg/ha with M. sativa and S. montanum produced the highest percentage of essential oil and essential oil yield of average 0.73% and 91.65 kg/ha, respectively.

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