scholarly journals Effect of suboptimal levels of non-phytate phosphorus and exogenous phytase on precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 473-481
Author(s):  
A. Musilova ◽  
M. Lichovnikova ◽  
L. Kupcikova ◽  
V. Anderle
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Posterior Half ◽  
Daily Calcium Intake ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Difference

The precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens was evaluated at two dietary levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP; 1.58 and 2.03 g/kg) and two levels of exogenous 3-phytase (F; 0 and 300 phytase units (FTU)/kg). A total of 192 ISA Brown hens were used for the study, and were housed in enriched cages (8 per cage). At the end of the experiment, which was the peak of the egg production, the content of the posterior half of the ileum from each hen was collected. The lower level of NPP significantly (P < 0.05) improved the precaecal phosphorus digestibility coefficient. There was no significant difference in the amount of absorbed phosphorus between the lower and the higher level of NPP. The level of NPP with supplementation of exo-genous phytase had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on the concentration of phosphorus in ileum, while the higher level of NPP increased phosphorus concentration in the ileum and phytase decreased phosphorus content in the ileal digesta. The phytase had no significant effect on phosphorus precaecal digestibility. There was no significant effect of the both factors, level of NPP, and exogenous phytase on the daily calcium intake, the amount of absorbed calcium, the content of calcium in ileal digesta, and on the precaecal digestibility of calcium. However a significant effect (P < 0.05) of the interaction between NPP and phytase was observed on the amount of absorbed calcium and on the precaecal digestibility coefficient. It can be concluded that the estimation of phosphorus ileal digestibility depends on the level of dietary phosphorus.

scholarly journals Vegetable pigments in sorghum-based diets for laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donaldo Antônio Nunes Junior ◽  
Heder José D’Avila Lima ◽  
Jean Kaique Valentim ◽  
Laura Aline Zanelatto Souza ◽  
Nayara Emanoelle Matos e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the inclusion of different natural pigment solutions in diets formulated with maize and sorghum solutions on the growth performance and egg quality of commercial laying hens created in hot climates. Throughout the conduction of this experiment, were used 252 laying hens of the Hisex Brow, in a completely randomized design, with six treatments, seven repetitions, and six birds per plot. The experimental diets were assigned with different energy sources and adding pigmentation solutions, diet 1 (corn), diet 2 (corn + annatto), diet 3 (corn + carrot), diet 4 (sorghum), diet 5 (sorghum + annatto), diet 6 (sorghum + Carrot).  Afterward, being evaluated the performance and quality of eggs. It was observed significant difference with reference t egg production, egg weight (g), gem weight (g), the weight of shell (g), albumin in weight (g), and gem coloration (tons) among the treatments. There was no difference in the parameters of performance and quality of eggs evaluated, only the variable yolk color had a significant effect between treatments. Replacing the energy source of the corn diet with sorghum in the diet of laying hens at peak production provides similar performance and egg quality, which can be a substitute for quality and efficiency. The use of annatto and carrots as a natural pigmentation promotes greater pigmentation of the egg yolks of laying Hisex Brown eggs and does not impair the performance of the birds.

scholarly journals Production performance and egg quality of White Rock laying hens fed diets containing whole linseed

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
H Khatun ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
MY Ali ◽  
MSK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to know the production performance of laying hen by using different graded level of linseed. At 56 weeks of age, a total of 160 laying hens were raised up to 63 weeks of age. All hens were fed a basal corn soyabean meal diet. The experiment was allowed 4 dietary treatments (T0, no addition of whole linseed in the basal diet; T1,  addition of 5% whole linseed; T2, addition of 10% whole linseed and T3, addition of 15% whole linseed) with 5 replications and per replication contains eight hens. Egg production, feed intake, egg weight of each treatment was recorded. Egg samples were collected and analyzed for egg quality. The results showed that egg production and egg mass (kg) exhibited for all dietary treatment groups were unaffected (P>0.05) by feeding linseed to the laying hens. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was found significant difference within the four dietary group (P<0.05). Egg quality aspects such as yolk weight, egg weight, HU and yolk index were not differed significantly (P>0.05) among treatments.  A trend for lower yolk weight was observed in birds fed 10% linseed, where as the highest yolk weight percentage was recorded in control diet. There was no statistical difference among the different diets for yolk index. The results of the present trial suggested that feeding linseed to the laying hens has no detrimental effects on egg production and egg quality. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 48-53, Jan-Dec 2013

scholarly journals Effects of Selenium Conjugated to Insect Protein on Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol and Enrofloxacin in Laying Hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hai-jun Zhang ◽  
Guang-hai Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

In the context of increasing awareness on the dietary supplementation of organic selenium in commercial poultry production and ensuring safe egg production, the present study investigated the effects of selenium on the pharmacokinetics of the therapeutic use of florfenicol and enrofloxacin from perspectives of laying performance, selenium deposition in eggs, and drug residue in plasma, organs, and eggs. A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with two kinds of drugs (florfenicol vs. enrofloxacin, 200 mg/kg) and three levels of dietary organic selenium SCIP (selenium conjugated to insect protein) (0, 2, and 5 mg/kg) was designed together with a blank control group. Healthy Hy-Line Brown laying hens (n = 252, 40-week-old and 90.0 ± 1.7% of egg production rate) were randomly allocated into one of seven treatments with six replicates and six hens per replicate. The experiment lasted for 42 days and consisted of three periods (adjusted stage, depositional stage, and eliminating stage) of 14 days each. These stages entail feeding of the laying hens with basal diets, addition of drugs and selenium synchronously into the diets, drug withdrawal from diet, and supply of selenium uninterruptedly in the diet. Egg production and feed intake were recorded on daily and weekly bases, respectively. The selenium content in egg yolk, egg white, and whole eggs and the drug residues in eggs, plasma, liver, kidney, and breast muscle were determined on days 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, and 14 of the depositional and eliminating stages. There was no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) in egg production among the dietary treatments, but feed intake decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in the drug treatment group compared to other groups. Dietary organic selenium decreased the residue of drugs in tissues and eggs, while the metabolism and deposition of selenium in laying hens were suppressed due to drug effects. The results of the present study are of significance to enrich the knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and enrofloxacin in laying hens and ensure the quality of poultry products.

scholarly journals Fermented Astragalus in diet improved laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immunological status and intestinal microbiota in laying hens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongtao Shi ◽  
Baiyu Wang ◽  
Chuanzhou Bian ◽  
Yingqian Han ◽  
Hongxing Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Immunological Status ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract In the era of increased antibiotic resistance and ever stricter control on antibiotic use, it is urgent to develop green, safe and non-residue alternatives to antibiotics applied to the poultry industry. To this end, we supplied the potential Lactobacillus Plantarum (L. Plantarum) fermented Astragalus in the diet of laying hens, with a final addition of 3‰. Its effects have been assessed on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immunological status and intestinal microbiota, and are compared to the control group, to the Astragalus group containing 3‰ unfermented Astragalus, and to the L. Plantarum group containing 2% L. Plantarum (1 × 108 CFU/mL). During the second half of the experimental period (15 to 28 days), the egg production rate was significantly higher in the fermented Astragalus group than that in the other groups, with the fermented Astragalus group having the lowest feed conversion ratio. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed among treatments on egg quality. Fermented Astragalus-treated hens exhibited significantly increased catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum. Furthermore, fermented Astragalus supplementation resulted in a significant increase in ileal microbiota abundance relative to control. In conclusion, feeding laying hens with L. Plantarum fermented Astragalus has beneficial effects on production, antioxidant potential, immunity and ileal microbiota. L. Plantarum fermented Astragalus is expected to be a novel feed additive used in poultry production.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects of Dietary Phosphorus and Calcium in Two Strains of Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tanja Hofmann ◽  
Sonja Schmucker ◽  
Vera Sommerfeld ◽  
Korinna Huber ◽  
Markus Rodehutscord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mineral Phosphorus ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
The Impact

Insufficient nutrient supply can impair the immune system, which is important for animal health and welfare. Since chicken can partly hydrolyze phytate, which is the primary phosphorus storage in plant seeds, a reduction of mineral phosphorus in the diets could be an option for more sustainable egg production. Laying hens require high concentrations of calcium that might inhibit the function of endogenous enzymes for phytate hydrolyzation. The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of standard and reduced dietary phosphorus and calcium concentrations on the number and functionality of immune cells in the peripheral and gut-associated immune system in a white and brown laying hen strain. Reduced mineral phosphorus enhanced several immune parameters such as B cells in blood and IgA concentrations in bile in both strains, and peripheral monocytes and T cells in cecal tonsils in brown hens. Reduced calcium levels resulted in lower numbers of T cells in blood and cecal tonsils in both strains, suggesting negative effects on adaptive immunity. Differences between the two strains were found in almost all immune parameters. Results suggest a potentially beneficial effect of reduced dietary mineral phosphorus on the immune system that is dependent on the genetic background.

scholarly journals Dietary Addition of Astragalus Fermented by Lactobacillus Plantarum Improved Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant and Immunological Status and Intestinal Microbiota in Laying Hens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongtao Shi ◽  
Baiyu Wang ◽  
Chuanzhou Bian ◽  
Yingqian Han ◽  
Hongxing Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Immunological Status ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background In the era of increased antibiotic resistance and ever stricter control on antibiotic use, it is urgent to develop green, safe and non-residue alternatives to antibiotics applied to the poultry industry. To this end, we supplied the potential Lactobacillus Plantarum (L. Plantarum) fermented Astragalus in the diet of laying hens, with a final addition of 3‰. Its effects have been assessed on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immunological status and intestinal microbiota, and are compared to the control group, to the Astragalus group containing 3‰ unfermented Astragalus, and to the L. Plantarum group containing 2% L. Plantarum (1 × 108 CFU/mL). Results During the second half of the experimental period (15 to 28 days), the egg production rate was significantly higher in the fermented Astragalus group than that in the other groups, with the fermented Astragalus group having the lowest feed conversion ratio. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed among treatments on egg quality. Fermented Astragalus-treated hens exhibited significantly increased catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum. Furthermore, fermented Astragalus supplementation resulted in a significant increase in ileal microbiota abundance relative to control. Conclusions Feeding laying hens with L. Plantarum fermented Astragalus has beneficial effects on production, antioxidant potential, immunity and ileal microbiota. L. Plantarum fermented Astragalus is expected to be a novel feed additive used in poultry production.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF LIQUID CALCIUM SOURCE ON EGGSHELL QUALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Ksenija Nešić ◽  
Nikola Pavlović ◽  
Vladimir Radosavljević ◽  
Miloš Gavrilović
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Liquid Calcium ◽  
Production Increase

It is estimated that the world’s population will enlarge by 25% by the middle of this century, resulting in the food production increase by at least 60%. Intensifying egg production is one of the most affordable solutions to provide animal protein. Among many other efforts to improve the quality of eggs, special attention is paid to attempts to provide a better endurance and strength of eggshell, due to the fact that the production of eggs with broken, cracked or soft shells incurs significant economic losses. One of the most important factors to achieve this goal is careful adjustment of calcium in the diet of laying hens, but the nutritional role of calcium is closely linked to that of phosphorus and the effect of vitamin D. The aim of the experiment was to determine whether two different nutritional supplements of calcium, applied in drinking water of laying hens for two weeks have any significant influence on the shell egg quality. Statistically very significant difference in egg production was observed in the treatment with the product containing calcium and phosphorus. On the other hand, the product consisting of calcium and vitamin D3 had no beneficial impact on the egg parameters.  Based on the obtained results and literature data, it can be concluded that the amount and source of calcium in the diet of laying hens is a very complex and not fully solved issue. Therefore, especially keeping in mind the duration of the experiment, additional research is needed on this subject.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Mineral Content and Phytase Dose on Nutrient Utilization, Performance, Egg Traits and Bone Mineralization in Laying Hens from 22 to 31 Weeks of Age

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Mehran Javadi ◽  
Juan José Pascual ◽  
María Cambra-López ◽  
Judit Macías-Vidal ◽  
Andrés Donadeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Egg Traits

A total of 192 laying hens were used to evaluate the effect of dietary mineral content and phytase dose on nutrient utilization, egg production and quality and bone mineralization of young laying hens. Four dietary treatments were studied: PC, positive control with no added phytase, 4.07% Ca and 0.61% P; NC, negative control with no added phytase, 2.97% Ca and 0.37% P; and P500 and P1000, where NC diet was supplemented with phytase at 500 and 1000 FTU/kg, respectively. Hens’ performance and egg traits were controlled from 22 to 31 weeks of age. Coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients were determined at 25 and 31 weeks of age. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and blood content of Ca and P, as well as bone traits, were determined at 31 weeks of age. Ca and P retention was higher in birds on PC diet at 25 weeks, but not at 31 weeks of age compared to those on NC diet (p < 0.05). P1000 birds had the highest CTTAD values for dry and organic matter at both ages (p < 0.001). CTTAD of Ca was significantly higher in P1000 diet than in NC diet at 31 weeks of age (p < 0.001). Birds fed with P500 diet at 25 weeks of age and P1000 at 31 weeks of age showed higher CTTAD and retention of P, but lower excretion of P than those fed NC diet (p < 0.05). Phytase inclusion linearly increased AID of dry matter and P (p < 0.001). P500 hens fed had the greatest body weight at the end of the trial (p < 0.05) and P1000 birds had the best feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Fowl fed a PC diet produced eggs with higher shell thickness and yolk color than those fed on NC diet (p < 0.05). Phytase inclusion linearly increased the yolk color (p < 0.05). Tibia of laying hens fed with PC had significantly higher ash content than those on NC diet (p < 0.05), and birds fed with P1000 presented intermediate values. It can be concluded that it would be advisable to increase the dose of phytase in the feed of laying hens to obtain long-term benefits.

Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (65) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Status ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The effect of phosphorus supplements of 35 and 70 g per head per week on the calcium and phosphorus contents of bone and hair and on plasma inorganic phosphorus levels of steers was compared with those of unsupplemented steers which grazed carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture of low phosphorus content at Grafton, New South Wales. The supplements had no effect on plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration. Hair phosphorus content was not affected by either dietary phosphorus or season. Hair calcium was not influenced by pasture calcium but was related to season, with highest levels in summer and lowest in winter. Supplementation increased the amount of phosphorus in dry fat-free rib-bone (P < 0.05) but this effect was not apparent in the first three months of supplementation. The amount of calcium in bone (Y) was influenced by pasture calcium content (X1) and bone phosphorus content (X2). This relationship was described by the equation: Y = 51.0 + 140.81X1 - 3.33X2(R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) It is suggested that bone phosphorus levels below 14.3, 13.5, and 12.7 per cent of dry fat-free bone may represent a phosphorus deficiency state in 15-27-month-old steers when pasture calcium levels are 0.18, 0.15, and 0.12 per cent respectively. Further, when estimates of the calcium status of beef steers are made from measurements of bone calcium content, corrections should be applied for bone phosphorus content. It is concluded that measurement of bone phosphorus and calcium provides the most sensitive indication of the phosphorus and calcium status of beef cattle and that when phosphorus supplementation has no effect on liveweight of beef steers its effect on mineralization of bone tissue may justify its use, particularly in areas where poor bone development and lameness occur.

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