scholarly journals Zinc and amino acids impact on nutrient status of maize during the ‘critical window’

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Szczepaniak Witold ◽  
Potarzycki Jarosław ◽  
Grzebisz Witold ◽  
Nowicki Bartłomiej
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Yield Depression ◽  
Yield Decrease

It has been assumed that zinc (Zn) fertilizers applied to maize simultaneously with amino acids (AA) at early stages of its growth may decrease the yield variability due to correcting its nutritional status during the ‘critical window’. Two Zn carriers were evaluated (Zn-I – Zn chelate; Zn-II – Zn oxide); they were applied to maize at BBCH 14/15 with or without amino acids, based on two rates of nitrogen (80 and 160 kg N/ha). The precipitation deficiency in 2015 resulted in the grain yield decrease by 35% compared to 2014. An advantage of higher N rate was proved in 2014, whereas the influence of Zn and AA showed in 2015. In this year, the beneficial impact of Zn-oxide and AA combined application resulted in amelioration, at least partially, of the imbalance of certain macronutrient content (N, P, Mg) during the ‘critical window’. These effects were revealed due to a boosted number of kernels in cob, and particularly higher thousand kernel weight. Consequently, the yield depression in 2015 was partly overcome. The results indicated that simultaneous application of Zn oxide and AA to maize at BBCH 14/15 corrected both its nutritional status during the ‘critical window’ and yield components, but had no effect on the yield itself.

scholarly journals Impact of Melatonin and Branched-Chain Amino Acids Cosupplementation on Quality of Life, Fatigue, and Nutritional Status in Cachectic Heart Failure Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
pp. 155982761987404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Jafari-Vayghan ◽  
Jalal Moludi ◽  
Sevda Saleh-Ghadimi ◽  
Elgar Enamzadeh ◽  
Mir Hossein Seyed-Mohammadzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
The Impact

Background: Cardiac cachexia (CC) adversely affects the lifestyle of heart failure (HF) patients. The current study examined the impact of melatonin cosupplementation and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on quality of life (QoL), fatigue, and nutritional status in cachectic HF patients. Methods: In this trial, 84 CC patients were randomized to melatonin, BCAAs, or coadministration (both) as intervention groups and a control group over 8 weeks. At baseline and postintervention, QoL, fatigue, and nutritional status were assessed. Results: After intervention, improvement in the overall and physical dimensions of QoL and appetite score were found to be statistically significant in the BCAAs (P < .001) and the melatonin+BCAAs (P < .001) groups compared with the placebo group. The emotional dimension score was significantly lower in the BCAAs group compared with the placebo group (P = .001). There was a statistically significant improvement in fatigue severity in all 3 intervention groups compared with the placebo group. The nutrition risk index (NRI) score increased significantly only in the melatonin group (P = .015), and there was no significant difference between the other groups (P = .804). Conclusions: Cosupplementation with BCAAs and melatonin improved QoL, fatigue status, and appetite in cachectic HF patients but did not affect NRI.

scholarly journals Development and Use of a Planter for Simultaneous Application of Seed, Fertilizer and Compost in Pearl Millet Production in Niger—Effects on Labor Use, Yield and Economic Return

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1886
Author(s):  
Abdourahamane Issa M. Nourou ◽  
Addam Kiari Saidou ◽  
Jens B. Aune
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Randomized Experiments ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Reduced Time

Sowing and application of mineral and organic fertilizer is generally done manually in the Sahel, resulting in low precision and delayed application. The objective of this paper is to present a new mechanical planter (Gangaria) for the combined application of seeds and soil amendments (mineral fertilizer, compost, etc.), and to assess the effects of using this planter in pearl millet on labor use, yield and economic return. The labor study showed that the mechanized application of seeds and compost reduced time use by a factor of more than six. The on-station experiments were completely randomized experiments with six replications and six treatments: T0 (control), T1 (0.3 g NPK hill−1), T2 (25 g compost hill−1), T3 (25 g compost + 0.3 g NPK hill−1), T4 (50 g compost hill−1) and T5 (50 g compost + 0.3 g NPK hill−1). Treatments T1 to T5 were sown by the planter with seeds that were primed in combination with coating of seeds with a fungicide/insecticide. The treatment T5 increased grain yield and economic return compared to the control by 113% and 106%, respectively. The advantages for farmers using this approach of agricultural intensification are timelier sowing of dryland cereal crops, easy application of organic fertilizer and more precise delivery of input, thereby making this cropping system more productive and less vulnerable to drought.

scholarly journals Maternal separation in rodents: a journey from gut to brain and nutritional perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Rincel ◽  
Muriel Darnaudéry
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
The Impact

The developmental period constitutes a critical window of sensitivity to stress. Indeed, early-life adversity increases the risk to develop psychiatric diseases, but also gastrointestinal disorders such as the irritable bowel syndrome at adulthood. In the past decade, there has been huge interest in the gut–brain axis, especially as regards stress-related emotional behaviours. Animal models of early-life adversity, in particular, maternal separation (MS) in rodents, demonstrate lasting deleterious effects on both the gut and the brain. Here, we review the effects of MS on both systems with a focus on stress-related behaviours. In addition, we discuss more recent findings showing the impact of gut-directed interventions, including nutrition with pre- and probiotics, illustrating the role played by gut microbiota in mediating the long-term effects of MS. Overall, preclinical studies suggest that nutritional approaches with pro- and prebiotics may constitute safe and efficient strategies to attenuate the effects of early-life stress on the gut–brain axis. Further research is required to understand the complex mechanisms underlying gut–brain interaction dysfunctions after early-life stress as well as to determine the beneficial impact of gut-directed strategies in a context of early-life adversity in human subjects.

scholarly journals Prophylaxis of infection in region of the surgical intervention performance in laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
V. V. Kryzhevskii ◽  
N. A. Mendel ◽  
A. P. Brodskaya ◽  
Yu. V. Pavlovych
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wound Protector ◽  
Combined Application

Objective. To estimate the efficacy of prophylactic method for regional infection while performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, using simultaneous application of container for removal of the specimen and a two-ring wound protector of the wound. In accordance to the literature data, the infection rate in laparoscopic cholecystectomy conduction constitutes 2.4 - 9.6%. Materials and methods. The work was based on experience of performance of 759 laparoscopic cholecystectomies during the period of 2015 - 2018 yrs. There were performed 679 operations with the second class of microbial contamination, 17 - with the third one and 6 - with the fourth. In 21 patients the conversion into laparotomy was applied. The patients with third and fourth classes of microbial contamination of wounds were divided into two groups: the first - 61 patients, in whom a container was used for the specimen removal, and the second - 19 patients, in whom the method of combined application of container and the wound protector was applied for removal of the specimen. Results. Infection of region of the surgical intervention performance in laparoscopic cholecystectomy was revealed in 41 (5.40%) of 759 patients.In surgical interventions In surgical interventions, referring to second class of microbial contamination , the infection rate in the surgical intervention region have constituted 2,5%, while referring to the third class - 11.76%, and the fourth class - 34.92%. Conversion in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is accompanied with high rate of the wound infection - 38.09%. Conclusion. Application of the method of combined usage of container for removal of preparation and a two-ring protector of the wound in the third and the fourth classes of the wounds while performance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy have permitted to lower the infection rate in region of the surgical intervention performance from 37.70 to 5.26%.

scholarly journals Available Nutrient Status of Soil as Influenced by Combined Application of Humic Acid and Inorganic Nitrogen

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
K. Sai Manjeera ◽  
P. Venkata Subbaiah ◽  
P. R. K. Prasad ◽  
M. Sree Rekha
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Available N ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
College Farm ◽  
Available Nutrient Status

A field experiment was carried out to study the influence of different levels of humic acid (10, 20, 30 kg ha-1) and inorganic N fertilizer viz., 100 % of recommended dose and 75 % of recommended dose on chemical properties of soil under direct sown rice at Agricultural college farm, Bapatla during 2019. The experiment was laid out in RBD with ten treatments replicated thrice with BPT-5204 variety of rice as test crop. Soil samples collected at tillering, panicle initiation and harvest stages of crop were analyzed for chemical properties like available N, P2O5, K2O, Sulphur and cationic micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu). Results indicated that increased availability of N, P2O5, K2O, Sulphur and cationic micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) were observed with the treatment T6 involving 100% RDN and HA @ 30 kg ha-1.

Combined Application of Organozinc Chemistry and One-Pot Hydroboration—Suzuki Coupling to the Synthesis of Amino Acids.

ChemInform ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantxa Rodriguez ◽  
David D. Miller ◽  
Richard F. W. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Suzuki Coupling ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Combined Application

Intraperitoneal Amino Acids: A Therapy Whose Time Has Come?

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Dialysis Solution ◽  
Limited Basis

In regard to the question posed in the title of this review, the answer is mixed. IPN is possible today but only on a limited basis and at high cost with uncertain benefit. A 1.1% amino acid dialysis solution for IPAA therapy is available in several European countries but has not yet been approved for use in the United States. When it becomes more widely available, IP AA should become an important tool, along with other types of therapy, for use in the maintenance of good nutritional status in PDpatients.

scholarly journals The Unexploited Potential of Nutrient Analysis in Potato Tissues at the Onset of Tuberization for Tuber Yield Prediction

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Witold Grzebisz ◽  
Karolina Frąckowiak ◽  
Jarosław Potarzycki ◽  
Jean Diatta ◽  
Witold Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
N Content ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Potato Tuberization ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Yield Decrease

Nutrient analysis of potato leaves in early growth is not sufficient for a reliable prediction of tuber yield. This hypothesis was verified based on a field experiment conducted during 2006–2008. The experimental factors were: nitrogen (N) rates (60, 120 kg ha−1), fertilizers (Urea, Urea + inhibitor—NBPT ([N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide]), and sulfur rates (0, 50 kg ha−1). Plant material for nutrient determination (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu), which included leaves, stems, and stolons + roots (R+S), was sampled at BBCH 39/40. The marketable tuber yield (MTY) was in the ranges of 43–75, 44–70, and 24–38 t ha−1, in 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The MTY and contents of N, Zn, and Cu, irrespective of the potato tissue, showed the same seasonal pattern, reaching the lowest values in the dry 2008. The N content in stems was the best tuber yield predictor. A shortage of K in stems and Mg and Cu in R+S, due to the opposite effect of Ca, reduced the N content. An N:Ca ratio in stems greater than 10:1 resulted in yield decrease. A reliable indication of nutrients limiting the tuber yield at the onset of potato tuberization requires data on the nutrient status in both leaves and stems.

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