The Unexploited Potential of Nutrient Analysis in Potato Tissues at the Onset of Tuberization for Tuber Yield Prediction

Nutrient analysis of potato leaves in early growth is not sufficient for a reliable prediction of tuber yield. This hypothesis was verified based on a field experiment conducted during 2006–2008. The experimental factors were: nitrogen (N) rates (60, 120 kg ha−1), fertilizers (Urea, Urea + inhibitor—NBPT ([N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide]), and sulfur rates (0, 50 kg ha−1). Plant material for nutrient determination (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu), which included leaves, stems, and stolons + roots (R+S), was sampled at BBCH 39/40. The marketable tuber yield (MTY) was in the ranges of 43–75, 44–70, and 24–38 t ha−1, in 2006, 2007, and 2008, respectively. The MTY and contents of N, Zn, and Cu, irrespective of the potato tissue, showed the same seasonal pattern, reaching the lowest values in the dry 2008. The N content in stems was the best tuber yield predictor. A shortage of K in stems and Mg and Cu in R+S, due to the opposite effect of Ca, reduced the N content. An N:Ca ratio in stems greater than 10:1 resulted in yield decrease. A reliable indication of nutrients limiting the tuber yield at the onset of potato tuberization requires data on the nutrient status in both leaves and stems.

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Distribution of nitrogen in wheat plant in its late growth stages with regard to organic fertilisation and mineral nitrogen rate

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/3631-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 553-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. Čeh-Brežnik ◽

A. Tajnšek

Keyword(s):

Green Manure ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

N Recovery ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Mineral N ◽

N Content ◽

Organic Fertilisation ◽

N Rates ◽

The Impact

In Central Slovenia within a long term static experiment IOSDV we investigated the impact of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilisation (0, 65, 130, 195 kg/ha) on the N content and the N amount in winter wheat (larger roots, stems, spikes and leaves) in EC 81/82 and EC 90/91, employing three systems of management: farmyard manure ploughing in before forecrop maize, straw ploughing in and green manure, no organic fertilisation. At EC 81/82 the N content in larger roots was around twice as high as the N content in stems and around twice as low as the N content in spikes and leaves. There was 80% of the whole N amount in plant located in the spikes and leaves (33–168 kg/ha) in EC 81/82 and 90% in EC 90/91. Calculated N recovery from mineral fertiliser was 68–87%; it increased with the increasing N rates in the system with farmyard manure ploughing in and in the system with no organic fertilisation, but not in the system with straw ploughing in and green manure. Between EC 81/82 and EC 90/91 wheat gained from 4 to 34 kg N/ha, but there were more important translocations of N inside the plants, which were higher at higher mineral N rates. There was a significant impact of management system on the N uptake at the highest mineral N rate.

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The early prognosis of tuber yield based on nitrogen status in potato tops

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/388/2018-pse ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 539-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Witold Grzebisz ◽

Jarosław Potarzycki ◽

Maria Biber

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Tuber Initiation ◽

Optimal Range ◽

N Content ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

June July ◽

N Management

The pattern of nitrogen net change (ΔN) in potato tops during the period extending from BBCH 33 to BBCH 40 is crucial for tuber yield (TY). This hypothesis was verified based on data from field experiments (2006–2008) with sequentially added nutrients (0, NP, NPK, NPKS, NPKSMg) to potato. The water shortage in June/July 2006 and in June 2008 significantly affected N content, and in turn TY. The TY was reduced by 38% in 2006 and by 23% in 2008, as compared to 2007 (53.7 t/ha). The N content in potato tops at BBCH 40 of 2.5% indicated the lowest TY, whereas 4.3% the maximum TY. The ΔN of +0.4% within the period from BBCH 33 to BBCH 40 determined the optimal range of the N content for the maximum TY (3.9–4.3%). The ΔN trend depended on the change of phosphorus and potassium contents. The key reason of N inefficiency was the shortage of potassium (K), resulting in its negligible change within this period. The pattern of zinc content at BBCH 40 reflected fairly well disturbances in N as well as K supply to potato. A good supply of K and Zn to potato can improve N management just before tuber initiation.

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Potato nutritional status at the onset of tuberisation – a yield prediction tool

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/533/2019-pse ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 86-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karolina Frąckowiak ◽

Jarosław Potarzycki ◽

Witold Grzebisz ◽

Witold Szczepaniak

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Integrated System ◽

Path Analyses ◽

Positive Balance ◽

Complex Statistical Analysis ◽

N Fertilisers ◽

N Rates ◽

Single Predictor

A reliable tuber yield prognosis requires a complex statistical analysis of potato nutritional status in the fully developed 4<sup>th</sup> leaf at the onset of tuberisation. This hypothesis was validated in the series of field experiments conducted in 2006–2008 in Poland. The experimental design was composed of two nitrogen (N) rates (60, 120 kg/ha), two N fertilisers (Urea and Agrotain), two rates of sulfur (0, 50 kg/ha). The marketable tuber yield of cv. Zeus ranged from 31.3 to 59.3 t/ha in 2008 and 2006, respectively. Despite annual variability, the potato presented a good nutritional status. In 2008, the contents of N, Mg, Cu and Zn were about 33% lower as compared to 2006. The stepwise and path analyses indicated N, Mg and Cu as the key yield-limiting nutrients. The diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) showed that a slight imbalance of N and Mg did not disturb tuber yield, provided a positive balance of K was maintained. The Mg index, as a result of the DRIS procedure, emerged as the best single predictor of potato yield.

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Optimal Nutrient Concentration Ranges of ‘Hass’ Avocado Cauliflower Stage Inflorescences—Potential Diagnostic Tool to Optimize Tree Nutrient Status and Increase Yield

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12437-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 1707-1715 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Salvatore Campisi-Pinto ◽

Yusheng Zheng ◽

Philippe E. Rolshausen ◽

David E. Crowley ◽

Ben Faber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Nutrient Analysis ◽

Tree Phenology ◽

Hass Avocado

Optimizing ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.) tree nutrient status is essential for maximizing productivity. Leaf nutrient analysis is used to guide avocado fertilization to maintain tree nutrition. The goal of this research was to identify a ‘Hass’ avocado tissue with nutrient concentrations predictive of yields greater than 40 kg of fruit per tree. This threshold was specified to assist the California avocado industry to increase yields to ≈11,200 kg·ha−1. Nutrient concentrations of cauliflower stage inflorescences (CSI) collected in March proved better predictors of yield than inflorescences collected at full bloom (FBI) in April, fruit pedicels (FP) collected at five different stages of avocado tree phenology from the end of fruit set in June through April the following spring when mature fruit enter a second period of exponential growth, or 6-month-old spring flush leaves (LF) from nonbearing vegetative shoots collected in September (California avocado industry standard). For CSI tissue, concentrations of seven nutrients, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were predictive of trees producing greater than 40 kg of fruit annually. Conditional quantile sampling and frequency analysis were used to identify optimum nutrient concentration ranges (ONCR) for each nutrient. Optimum ratios between nutrient concentrations and yields greater than 40 kg per tree were also derived. The high nutrient concentrations characterizing CSI tissue suggest current fertilization practices (timing or amounts) might be causing nutrient imbalances at this stage of avocado tree phenology that are limiting productivity, a possibility that warrants further investigation. Because CSI samples can be collected 4–6 weeks before full bloom, nutritional problems can be addressed before they affect flower retention and fruit set to increase current crop yield, fruit size, and quality. Thus, CSI nutrient analysis warrants further research as a potential supplemental or alternative tool for diagnosing ‘Hass’ avocado tree nutrient status and increasing yield.

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Zinc and amino acids impact on nutrient status of maize during the ‘critical window’

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/19/2018-pse ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 126-131

Author(s):

Szczepaniak Witold ◽

Potarzycki Jarosław ◽

Grzebisz Witold ◽

Nowicki Bartłomiej

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Simultaneous Application ◽

Critical Window ◽

Combined Application ◽

Beneficial Impact ◽

Yield Depression ◽

Yield Decrease

It has been assumed that zinc (Zn) fertilizers applied to maize simultaneously with amino acids (AA) at early stages of its growth may decrease the yield variability due to correcting its nutritional status during the ‘critical window’. Two Zn carriers were evaluated (Zn-I – Zn chelate; Zn-II – Zn oxide); they were applied to maize at BBCH 14/15 with or without amino acids, based on two rates of nitrogen (80 and 160 kg N/ha). The precipitation deficiency in 2015 resulted in the grain yield decrease by 35% compared to 2014. An advantage of higher N rate was proved in 2014, whereas the influence of Zn and AA showed in 2015. In this year, the beneficial impact of Zn-oxide and AA combined application resulted in amelioration, at least partially, of the imbalance of certain macronutrient content (N, P, Mg) during the ‘critical window’. These effects were revealed due to a boosted number of kernels in cob, and particularly higher thousand kernel weight. Consequently, the yield depression in 2015 was partly overcome. The results indicated that simultaneous application of Zn oxide and AA to maize at BBCH 14/15 corrected both its nutritional status during the ‘critical window’ and yield components, but had no effect on the yield itself.

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Concentration of N, P and K in leaves, straw and grain of wheat and barley as influenced by N and P fertilizers under semi-arid conditions

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600028550 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 551-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. I. Orphanos ◽

V. D. Krentos

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Fertilizer N ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

N Content ◽

Arid Conditions ◽

P Content ◽

N Rates ◽

Semi Arid ◽

P Fertilizers

SummaryThe N, P and K contents of leaves, straw and grain of the durum wheat Kyperounda, the aestivum wheat Pitic 62 and Athenais barley under semi-arid conditions (150–400 mm) as influenced by N and P fertilizers are reported (N rates: 0–105 kg/ha; P rates: 0–26 kg/ha).Fertilizer N increased linearly the N content of the leaves, straw and grain as well as the K content of leaves and straw, but slightly reduced P content of the grain. Straw K content was increased relatively more in Athenais barley. Such increases of N and K content occurred beyond the N rates giving maximum grain and sheaf yields. Increased K content of the straw resulting from fertilizer N is wasteful where the straw is removed, and accelerates depletion of soil K. Durum wheat grain containing more than 2–8% N showed less than 6% yellow berry (mealy grains) but at lower N contents yellow berry could be high or low depending on location.Fertilizer P did not significantly influence the P content of any of the components analysed even though it increased grain and straw yields, particularly in the drier years.

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625 PB 451 RESPONSE OF TOMATOES AND BEANS, GROWN IN ROTATION, TO THREE YEARS OF COVER CROP AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.522a ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 522a-522

Author(s):

Jeanine M. Davis

Keyword(s):

Cover Crop ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

First Year ◽

Cooperative Research ◽

Crimson Clover ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Nitrogen Treatments ◽

N Rates

In 1991, a four year study was initiated in which staked tomatoes and snap beans are rotated annually and grown with three cover crop treatments (wheat, crimson clover, and bareground) and three N rates (0, 60, and 120 kg N/ha) in a RCB with four replications. Crop growth, yield, nutrient status, N cycling, and pest populations are being studied. The first year there was no response to cover crop. The next two years, crimson clover reduced bean yields due, in part, to high levels of disease. Mexican bean beetle populations were also highest with clover and increased with increasing N rate. In 1992, wheat increased tomato fruit crack, but there was no effect on yields. In 1993, wheat reduced early season tomato yields but had no effect on total season yields. Aphid populations were highest on tomatoes grown with crimson clover. The study reveals that cover crop systems are dynamic and long-term studies are required before dependable grower recommendations can be made. This study is part of the Tri-State Vegetable Project, a cooperative research project with N.C., S.C. and Ga.

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Short-term changes in soil properties under tillage systems and their effect on sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) growth and yield in an Ultisol in south-eastern Nigeria

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr07035 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 351 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

M. A. N. Anikwe ◽

J. N. Ubochi

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

N Content ◽

South Eastern ◽

Early Stages ◽

Crop Development

Tillage influences soil quality via its effects on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, which in turn affect crop productivity. This study evaluates the effects of conventional (CT) and no-till (NT) systems on (1) soil temperature, bulk density, soil gravimetric water content (GWC), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), soil organic carbon content (SOC), and total nitrogen (N), and (2) growth and yield of 3 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (L) Lam varieties (87/00/87, ex-Igbariam, and 8164). A field experiment was conducted in 2005 and 2006 on a Typic paleudult in south-eastern Nigeria. The experimental plots comprised 6 treatments (CT 87/00/87 variety, CT ex-Igbariam, CT 8164, NT 87/00/87 variety, NT ex-Igbariam, NT 8164 variety) laid out in the field using randomised complete block design replicated 3 times. Soil temperature was 1–2°C higher in CT plots during early stages of crop development. CT plots had significantly lower soil dry bulk density (1.30–1.35 Mg/m3) than NT plots. Soil GWC was higher, whereas Ksat was lower, in NT plots than CT plots at 35 and 65 days after planting (DAP) for both planting seasons. NT plots had a 0.22–0.26-fold increase in SOC and 16–27% higher N content compared with CT plots at 35 and 65 DAP. The 3 varieties of sweet potato used did not significantly influence soil properties at the different times after planting. Sweet potato yield obtained in CT 87/00/87 variety (21.7–24.9 Mg/ha) for both seasons was higher (P < 0.05) than sweet potato tuber yield obtained from NT ex-Igbariam plots (which had the lowest yield) by about 88%. For each variety, CT plots has significantly higher yield than NT plots. This study showed that although NT practices conserved soil moisture, decreased soil temperature, reduced water infiltration, and increased SOC and soil total N content when compared to CT plots, the reduction in soil compaction at the early stages of crop development (0–65 DAP) in CT plots had a more positive impact on tuber yield and masked the positive effect of other soil productivity parameters for this crop.

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Pelletized organo-mineral fertilizer product as a nitrogen source for potato production

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s04-071 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 387-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

B J Zebarth ◽

R. Chabot ◽

J. Coulombe ◽

R R Simard ◽

J. Douheret ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Potato Production ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Fertilizer N ◽

N Content ◽

Total N ◽

N Source

Replacement of mineral fertilizer with organo-mineral fertilizer products made with animal manures is one strategy for reducing the environmental impact of agricultural production. This study evaluated a pelletized organo-mineral fertilizer product with a nutrient analysis of approximately 7-4-4 produced from composted solid poultry, solid dairy and liquid hog manure as a N source for processing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Atlantic Canada. The availability of N in the organo-mineral fertilizer product was estimated, and tuber yield, size distribution and quality parameters and soil NO3-N content at harvest were compared at similar application rates of N as mineral or organo-mineral fertilizer. Field trials were conducted in 2000 to 2002 to compare different rates of mineral (0–200 kg N ha-1 as NH4NO3) or organo-mineral (0–3 t product ha-1) fertilizer band-applied at planting, followed by split applications of variable rates of mineral fertilizer. Apparent recovery of N from the mineral fertilizer, estimated as the slope of the regression of plant N accumulation against the rate of N applied and expressed as a percentage, was 65, 33 and 78% in 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively. Apparent recovery of total N in the organo-mineral fertilizer was 6 0 , 26 and 57% in 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively. Fertilizer N equivalency of the total N in the organo-mineral fertilizer, estimated as the apparent recovery of organo-mineral fertilizer N divided by apparent recovery of mineral fertilizer N and expressed as a percentage, was 92, 79 and 73% in 2000, 2001 and 2002, respectively. Application of equivalent rates of N as mineral or organo-mineral fertilizer at planting generally resulted in comparable values of tuber yield, size distribution and quality parameters and soil NO3-N content at tuber harvest. We recommend application of 1.5 t ha-1 of organo-mineral fertilizer at planting, with additional mineral fertilizer applied as a split application if warranted, as a suitable N source for processing potato production. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, yield, tuber size, tuber nitrate, tuber specific gravity, soil nitrate

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Soil Nutrient Status Under Different Agro-Climatic Zones of Kashmir and Ladakh, India

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.11.1.13 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 96-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khursheed Dar ◽

K.A. Sahaf ◽

Afiffa SKamili ◽

Latief Ahmad ◽

M. A Malik

Keyword(s):

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Soil Nutrient Status ◽

Climatic Zones ◽

Nutrient Analysis ◽

Average Value ◽

Soil Available Phosphorus ◽

Exchangeable Magnesium

An investigations on nutrient analysis of soil under the different agro-climatic zones of Kashmir and Ladakhviz Temperate (Pattan, Baramulla),Sub temperate(Gurez,Bandipora) and Cold Arid(Kargil,Ladakh) was carried out during 2012 and 2013.The studies revealed that soils were alkaline in their reaction with slightly higher pH (8.2) recorded at Kargil followed by Pattan (7.9) and Gurez (7.6). Electrical conductivity was highest (0.23dSm-1) at Pattan and least at Kargil (0.08dSm-1). Pattan soils were richer in organic carbon with an average value of 1.02%. Varied results were obtained with respect to available soil nitrogen, the highest being recorded at Pattan with an average value of 372.8 kg ha-1 Gurez recorded251.5 kg ha-1 and Kargil 184.9 kg ha-1. Pattan recorded maximum (22.45 kg ha-1) soil available phosphorus while the sulphur was recorded highest (53.40 kg ha-1) at Kargil.Among the three agro-climatic zones, (187.30 kg ha-1), exchangeable calcium (17.56 centimole) and exchangeable magnesium (5.54 centimole).

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